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                  <text>By the time of the first general meeting on 18 February 1884, the Society of Authors had 14 &lt;a href="https://historysoa.com/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=66&amp;amp;advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&amp;amp;advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Vice-President&amp;amp;sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CTitle"&gt;Vice-Presidents&lt;/a&gt; and 68 members. Annual subscription was set at a guinea; life subscription was 10 guineas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Initially, new members could join as Fellows, Members or Associates. Fellow status was abolished; not all Fellows paid for subscription and their position within the Society was thus unclear. Members had to have authored at least one full-length work (whether published or performed). Associates were aspiring writers who may not have had any work published.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;By 1886, there were 153 members. This rose to 240 in 1888, 372 in 1889, 662 in 1891 and 870 in 1892 (Walter Besant, &lt;a href="https://historysoa.com/publications/1893-Besant-The-Society-of-Authors"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Society of Authors: A Record of Its Action from Its Foundation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, 1893). By 1912, there were over 2,000 members (&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href="https://historysoa.com/publications/1912-Prospectus"&gt;Society of Authors Prospectus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, 1912).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This collection currently includes over 200 prominent members of the Society.</text>
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              <text>Portrait of Arthur William à Beckett. Photograph.&lt;span&gt;&amp;nbsp;1896. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_William_%C3%A0_Beckett#/media/File:Arthur_William_A_Beckett.jpg" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_William_%C3%A0_Beckett#/media/File:Arthur_William_A_Beckett.jpg&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                  <text>By the time of the first general meeting on 18 February 1884, the Society of Authors had 14 &lt;a href="https://historysoa.com/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=66&amp;amp;advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&amp;amp;advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Vice-President&amp;amp;sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CTitle"&gt;Vice-Presidents&lt;/a&gt; and 68 members. Annual subscription was set at a guinea; life subscription was 10 guineas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Initially, new members could join as Fellows, Members or Associates. Fellow status was abolished; not all Fellows paid for subscription and their position within the Society was thus unclear. Members had to have authored at least one full-length work (whether published or performed). Associates were aspiring writers who may not have had any work published.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;By 1886, there were 153 members. This rose to 240 in 1888, 372 in 1889, 662 in 1891 and 870 in 1892 (Walter Besant, &lt;a href="https://historysoa.com/publications/1893-Besant-The-Society-of-Authors"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Society of Authors: A Record of Its Action from Its Foundation&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, 1893). By 1912, there were over 2,000 members (&lt;em&gt;&lt;a href="https://historysoa.com/publications/1912-Prospectus"&gt;Society of Authors Prospectus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, 1912).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This collection currently includes over 200 prominent members of the Society.</text>
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              <text>Sir Francis O. Adams (1826–1889); diplomat. Ambassador to Switzerland (1881–1888). Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society. Published works on the history of Japan. Appointed a Vice-President of the Society of Authors.</text>
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              <text>Thring, George Herbert. &lt;em&gt;Addenda to The Methods of Publishing&lt;/em&gt;. London: The Society of Authors, 1898. &lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/methodspublishi00thrigoog" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;https://archive.org/details/methodspublishi00thrigoog&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>A supplement to &lt;a href="https://historysoa.com/people/Sprigge-Samuel-Squire"&gt;Samuel Squire Sprigge&lt;/a&gt;'s &lt;a href="https://historysoa.com/publications/1890-Sprigge-Methods-of-Publishing"&gt;book&lt;/a&gt; about different kinds of publishing agreements, written by &lt;a href="https://historysoa.com/people/Thring-George-Herbert"&gt;George Herbert Thring&lt;/a&gt;. Reprinted from &lt;a href="https://historysoa.com/publications/The-Author"&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Author&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                    <text>SUPPLEMENT I.

AUSTRALIAN COPYRIGHT ACT.

��AUSTRALIAN COPYRIGHT ACT.
[AssBNTED

TO

21ST

enacted by the King's Most Excellent
Majesty, the Senate, and the House of
Representatives of the Commonwealth
of
Australia as follows:

E it

PART I.-PRELIMINARY.

|

1. Short Title. This Act may be cited as the
Copyright Act, 1905.
2. Commencement. This Act shall commence on
a day to be fixed by Proclamation.
3. Paris.--This Act is divided as

Part
Part
Part
Part
Part
Part

4.

follows:

I. Preliminary.
II.-Administration.

III.-Literary,
matic

IV.-Artistic

Musical, and
Copyright.

Dra

Copyright.

W. Infringement of Copyright.
VI.-International and State copy
right.
Part VII-Registration of Copyrights.
Part VIII.-Miscellaneous.
Interpretation. In this Act, unless the Con

trary intention

appears

Artistic work includes
(a) Any painting, drawing, or sculpture; and
(b) Any engraving, etching, print, lithograph,
Woodcut, photograph, or other work of
art produced by any process, mechanical
or otherwise, by which impressions or
representations of works of art can be
taken or multiplied:
includes the personal
of an author :

Author
Book

representatives

includes any book or volume, and any
part or division of a book or volume, and any
article in a book or volume, and any pamphlet,
periodical, sheet of letterpress, sheet of music,
map, chart, diagram, or plan separately pub
lished, and any illustration therein :
Dramatic work, in addition to being included
in the definition of book, means any tragedy,
comedy, play, drama, farce, burlesque, libretto,
of an opera, entertainment, or other work of
a like nature, whether set to music or other

DECEMBER,

1905.]

lyrical work set to music, or other scenic
or dramatic composition :
Lecture
includes a sermon :
Musical work in addition to being included
in the definition of book, includes any com
bination of melody and harmony, or either of
them, printed, reduced to writing, or other
wise graphically produced or reproduced :
Periodical" means a review, magazine, news
paper, or other periodicai
work of a like
Inature :
Wise,

Pirated artistic work means a reproduction
of an artistic work made in any manner with
out the authority of the owner of the copyright
in the artistic work :
Pirated book means a reproduction of a book
made in any manner without the authority of
the owner of the copyright in the book:
Portrait
includes any work the principal
object of which is the representation of a per
photo
Son by painting, drawing, engraving,
graphy, sculpture, or any form of art:
Publish
and Publication
in relation to a
book refer to offer for sale or distribution, in
each case with the privity of the author, so as
to make the book accessible to the public :
The Registrar means the Registrar of Copy
rights or a Deputy Registrar of Copyrights:
State Copyright Act means any State Act
relating to the registration of the copyright
right, or lecturing right in
or performing
books, or dramatic or musical works, or in
artistic works, or fine art works, or in lectures.
5. What is simultaneous publication or perform
ance. For
the purposes of this Act publication,
performance, or delivery in the Commonwealth
shall be deemed to be simultaneous with publica

tion, performance,
or delivery elsewhere if the
period between the publications, performances, or
deliveries does not exceed fourteen days.
6. Blasphemous, &amp;c., matter not projected. No
right, or lecturing right
copyright,
performing
shall subsist under this Act in any blasphemous,
indecent, seditious, or libellous work or matter.
7. Application of the Common Law. Subject to

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it

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:

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a

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:

:

it

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to

(f)

of
it,

to

of

or

a

a

in

its

right
dramatic and musical
The performing right
dramatic
a

Performing

in

14.

100%s. (1.)

in

or

in

in

or

or
up

in

in

or

of
it,

of
is

the case
musical work,
make
any new adaptation, transposition, arrange
ment,
setting
any part
any notation.
every book,
(2.) Copyright shall subsist
not,
whether the author
British subject
which
has been printed from type set
Australia,
plates made therefrom,
from plates
negatives made
Australia
cases where type
not necessarily used, and has, after the com
Australia,
mencement
this Act, been published
simultaneously with
before
first publication
elsewhere.

in

administration.

Cf.

of

of

transfer

the case
novel
other non-dramatic
Work,
convert
into dramatic work
and

of

or in

of

is

as

so

to,

in

to in

of,or
or to

be

or

of

(a) Effect

dramatic work,
convert
novel
other non-dramatic

or

in of of

to

or

in

so

as

of

a

in

proclamation, declare that, from
date specified
the proclamation, the
any
administration
the State Copyright Acts
they relate
State
far
the registration
the
copyright
any book, the performing right
any
musical
dramatic work, the lecturing right
any lecture, and the copyright
any artistic
any assign
fine art work,
the registration
grant
any such
ment
licence
relation
right, shall
transferred
the Commonwealth
necessary for the pur
and thereupon,
far
poses
this section
and after

into

is or

by

adminisfration. The Governor

AND DRAMATIC

of

in

of

of

2.

of
Transfer
General may,
12.

the case

work
(e)

Transfer
the Administration
the Slate Copyright Acts.

To translate

In

be

of

be
a

of

(d)

it In

(c)

judicially noticed.
7%e

MUSICAL,
COPYRIGHT.

13. Copyright
books.--(1.)
The copyright
do,
book means the exclusive right
authorize
do,
any
another person
the following
things
respect
:
(a) To make copies
(b) To abridge

called the Copyright Office.
Copyright Office. There
11. Seal
shall
seal
the Copyright Office, and impressions thereof

Division

III.-LITERARY,

In

of

on

by

all

PART

a

Registrar of

may appoint one or
(2.) The Governor-General
more Deputy Registrars of Copyrights who shall,
subject to the control of the Registrar of Copyrights,
have
the powers conferred
this Act
the
Registrar.
10. Copyright Office. For
the purposes
this
Act an office shall be established which shall be

shall

or

in

Copyright

Office.
be a

all

the Copyright Office
the State vested
subject
the control
the State
shall,
force
this Act,
vested
and made subject
the control
the
Commonwealth.

PART II.-ADMINISTRATION.

Registrar. (1.) There shall

and functions under any State
vested
the Governor
the State
the Governor with the
advice of the Executive Council
the
any Minister
State
officer
authority
the State shall vest
the
Governor-General
the Governor
General
Council
the Minister
authority exercising
officer
similar
powers under the Commonwealth
the
prescribed
Case requires
and
records registers deeds and documents

all

(6)

or fine art works acquired under or protected by
those laws before the commencement of this Act.

9.

powers

Copyright Act
of

(b)

forming right, or lecturing right, subsists under
this Act.
Saving of rights under State laws.-(2.) Subject
to Part II. of this Act, nothing in this Act shall
affect the application of the laws in force in any
State at the commencement of this Act to any
copyright or other right in relation to books or
dramatic or musical works or lectures or artistic

Copyrights.

be

to

the Commonwealth.
State Copyright Acts not to apply to copyright
under this Act. -(1.) The State Copyright Acts so
far as they relate to the copyright in any book,
right in any musical or dramatic
the performing
work, the lecturing right in any lecture, or the
copyright in any artistic or fine art work shall not
apply to any book, dramatic
or musical work,
lecture, or artistic work in which copyright, per
8.

the

and 19. The
the State shall
the State,

cease
administered
and shall thereafter
administered
necessary
the Commonwealth
far
completing then pending
for the purpose
giving effect
proceedings and
then
existing rights, and the Registrar shall
Collect for the State all fees which become
payable thereunder
and

throughout

Division 1. 77te Registrar and

of 18

Patents Act, 1903, ss.
State Copyright Acts

this and any other Acts of the Parliament, the
Common Law of England relating to proprietary
rights in unpublished literary compositions shall,
after the commencement
of this Act, apply

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its

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a

of

or

in a

be

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in

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in of
of

of of

the
the article, under this section.
periodicals
articles published
23. Copyright
any
author
without valuable consideration. The
article contributed without valuable consideration
periodical, shall
to, and first published in,
separate
copyright
the article
entitled
work.
personal property. The
24. Copyright, &amp;c.,
book, the performing right
copyright
musical work, and the lecturing right
dramatic
personal property, and shall
lecture shall
assignment and
capable
transmission
operation
law.
separate
25. Copyright and other rights
book, and the per
copyright
properties. The
forming right
musical work and the
dramatic
lecturing right
deemed
lecture shall
ownership,
distinct properties for the purposes
assignment, licence, transmission,
and all other
purposes.
author

or

as
of a

of

a

of

or

a

of

in

in

(b) his right shall not exclude the right

in

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or

a

or

is

in

of

be

a

or

of

or

as

a

a

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a

of

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in

or

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in a

in

or

or

or

a

in

a

in

a

in

of

of

by
a

is

of

cease.

copyright, performing right, and
18. Ownership
lecturing right. (1). The author
book shall be
the book.
the copyright
the first owner
musical
dramatic work
(2.) The author
the performing
the first owner
work shall
right
musical Work.
the dramatic
first owner
lecture shall
(3.) The author
the lecture.
the lecturing right
joint authors.
the case
19. Ownership
book,
Where there are joint authors

of

he as

or

in

a

in

in

its

or

musical work
dramatic
book
joint authors the copyright and the
written
right shall subsist for the term
performing
forty-two years
their joint lives and the life
them, and seven years, whichever
the survivor
shall last the longer.
published
book with the
lecture
(4.)
writing
the lecturing
the owner
consent

right, the lecturing right shall

a

of

a

a

in

in

in

of

in

in

right, and
copyright, performing
17. Term
book, the
lecturing right. (1.) The copyright
right
performing
musical work,
dramatic
lecture, shall subsist
and the lecturing right
forty-two years
for the author's
for the term
life and seven years whichever shall last the longer.
book, the
(2.) Where the first publication
public
dramatic
musical
first performance
public
work,
lecture
the first delivery
the author, the copy
takes place after the death
lecturing right,
right, performing right,
the
forty-two
case may be, shall subsist for the term

(3.) Where

it

be

in

or

public
Australia.
lecture shall begin
(3.) The lecturing right
public
Australia.
first delivery
with

-

periodicals.
articles published
any article, contributed
for
and first published
valuable consideration
copyright
periodical, shall
the
entitled
separate work, but
that
article
publish the article
entitled
shall not
(a)
publication until one year
authorise
which the
the year
after the end
article was first published, and
(b) his right shall not exclude the right
proprietor
under this
the periodical
section.
periodical
which an
(2.) The proprietor
article, which has been contributed
for valuable
consideration,
entitled
first published shall
copyright
that
the article, but
publish the article
entitled
shall not
(a)
publication except
the
authorise
publication,
original form
periodical
and
22. Copyright

(1.) The author

in

in

Australia, before
public

copyright performing right,
16. Commencement
book
and lecturing right. (1.) The copyright
Australia.
shall begin with its first publication
right
dramatic
(2.) The performing
musical work shall begin with its first performance

8] S.

if

or

of

is
a

or

to

in it.

in

its

in

public

with its first delivery

simultaneously
elsewhere.

as

to

in

in
or a

as it,

Act, been delivered

or

in byof in

in

or

its

of

in

in

lectures. (1.) The lectur
15. Lecturing right
lecture means the exclusive right
public, and,
delivery,
authorise
deliver
report
except
hereinafter provided,
every
(2.) Lecturing right shall subsist
lecture, whether the author
British subject
not, which has, after the commencement
this

ing right

written
book
20. Separate authors.--Where
separate authors and the name
distinct parts
the portion written
attached
each author
copyright
him, each author shall
entitled
the same manner
him
the portion written
separate book.
were
21. Encyclopædia and similar works.-The pro
encyclopædia
projector
prietor
other
reference who employs
similar permanent work
the
Some other person for valuable consideration
any part
composition
the work
the whole
the
the work
the copyright
entitled
shall
he were the author thereof.
same manner as
is

is
a

or

British subject

as or

in

or

musical work, whether the author
not, which has, after the com
public
this Act, been performed
mencement
simultaneously with
Australia, before
first
public elsewhere.
performance
dramatic

lecture, the copy
musical work,
right,
the lecturing
the performing
the property
the case may be, shall
the authors.
dramatic

right
right,

in

it,
or

its

or musical work means the exclusive right to per
public.
performance,
authorise
form
every
(2.) Performing right shall subsist

�to

of

(c)

If

or

in

if
it

as

in

a

of

a

in

an

is

of

he to

of

to

a

in

of

of

no

of

or

be

of

of

or

is

is

be it or

of

of

a

a

as

on

of

of

of

of

a

of

in

he
to

as

a a

in

of

or

of

in

of

of

in

of

of

of

to

be

to

of

by

he of

to

be

he
is

in

of

in

as

or

be

right,
judgment may
given
his favour either with
without costs
the Court,
its discretion,
any such case the owner
thinks fit; but
the performing right (if
not the owner
the
copyright) shall
entitled
recover from the
owner
respect
the copyright damages
the
injury
has incurred
the neglect
the owner
the copyright
given
cause due notice
the reservation
the performing right.

in

of

a

in

be

by
a

a

is

by
a

in
a

of of

newspaper. (1.) Unless
33. Report
lecture
prohibited
the reporting
lecture
notice
this section mentioned, the lecturing right
infringed
report
lecture shall not
the
newspaper.
lecture

a

or

on

a

;

of

at be

of

(2.) The notice prohibiting the reporting
given
the beginning
the lecture
conspicuous
written notice affixed,

lecture may
(a) orally

in

in

a

in of

it
is

is

or

is

given,
before the lecture
the
entrance doors
the building
which
given
place
the room
given.
which
be

to

of

on

is

of

be

a

(3.) When
series
lectures
intended
given
the same lecturer
the same subject,
given
one notice only need
respect
the
whole series.

in

such application should not be granted :

are taken for the infringe
ment
the performing right
dramatic
musical work published
book, and
proves
(b) the defendant
the satisfaction
the Court that
has
his posses
copy
sion
the book containing the
dramatic or musical work and that that
copy was published
with the consent
the owner
the copyright, and does
not contain the notice required by this
Act
the reservation
the performing

(a) proceedings

in it

person desirous of translating the
book into that language may make an
application in writing to the Minister
for permission so to do :
(b) The Minister may thereupon by notice in
writing inform the owner of the copy
right of such application
and request
him to make or cause to be made a
translation of the book into that lan
guage within such time as the Minister
deems reasonable or to show cause why

Notice

by

authority
(a) Any

performing right.
reservation
pub
dramatic
musical work
book, and
lished
intended
that the
performing right
reserved, the owner
copyright, whether
has parted with the per
forming right
not, shall cause notice
the
printed
reservation
the performing right
conspicuous part
the title page
every
copy
the book.
(2.) Defendant's rights where
notice
reserva
performing right. Where
tion
32.

(1.) Where

by

some person other than the author.
30. Failure of author to make or cause translation
of book.--Where a translation of a book into a par
ticular language is not made within ten years from
the date of the publication
of the book by the
owner of the copyright or by some person by his

translations. Copyright shall
31. Copyright
lawfully-produced
subsist
translation
abridgment
book
like manner
original work.
were

(b)

any interest therein by licence ; but an assignment

or grant shall not be valid unless it is in writing
signed by the owner of the right in respect of
which it is made or granted.
27. Welſ' editions. Any second or subsequent
edition of a book containing material or substan
tial alterations or additions shall be deemed to be
a new book, but so as not to prejudice the right of
any person to reproduce a former edition of the
book or any part thereof after the expiration of the
copyright in the former edition.
Provided that while the copyright in a book
Subsists no person, other than the owner of the
copyright in the book or a person authorised by
him, shall be entitled to publish a second or
Subsequent edition thereof.
28. Making of abridgment, &amp;c., for private use.
Copyright in a book shall not be infringed by a
person making an abridgment or translation of the
book for his private use (unless he uses it publicly
or allows it to be used publicly by some other
person), or by a person making fair extracts from
or otherwise fairly dealing with the contents of the
book for the purpose of a new work, or for the
purposes of criticism, review, or refutation,
or
in the ordinary course of reporting scientific in
formation.
29. Translations or abridgments.--Where the
author has parted with the copyright in his
book and a translation or abridgment of the book
is made with the consent of the owner of the copy
right by some person other than the author, notice
shall be given in the title-page of every copy of the
translation or abridgment that it has been made by

the owner
the copyright fails
comply with such notice the Minister
may grant such application.

a as
in

26. Assignment of copyright. The
owner of the
copyright in a book, or of the performing right in
a dramatic or musical work, or of the lecturing
right in a lecture, may assign his right either
wholly or partially and either generally or limited
to any particular place or period, and may grant

�in

is or

of

in a

or

or

to a

in

be

is

to

in

of

by

be

of

be

an

in

all

of

to

be

be

an

in

of

of

of

an

in

is an

of

it

be

;

by

or

or

in

in

or

of

or

or

of

an

or

in

or

a

by

of

of

in

in
a

in

in

of

or

of

to
of by

be

or

of

to

of in a of

or

of

in

by

by

in

be

of if

be

of

c.

of

to

of

is

on

of

in

in he

to

be

a

of

to

of

of by

is

it

or

49.

Property

pirated books

or

in

to

of

to

or
is

a

in

a

or

of

of

objection
47. Notice
title. The plaintiff
right con
any action for the infringement
presumed
ferred
this Act shall
the
claims, unless the
owner
the right which
defendant
his pleadings
defence pleads that
the defendant disputes the title
the plaintiff,
and states the grounds
which
the plea
founded, and the name
any, whom
the person,
the defendant alleges
the owner
the right.
45,
48. Limitation
actions.
(Cf. 5-6 Vict.
copy
26.).-No action for any infringement
right, performing right,
lecturing right under
this Act shall be maintainable unless
com
menced within two years next after the infringement
committed.

is

bybe

on

an

of of

of

a

an

or to

or

of

be

or

is

in

in

to

OF COPYRIGHT.

performing right
46. Damages
case
lectur
ing right. In assessing the damages
respect
right
the infringement
the performing
dramatic
musical work
the lecturing right
lecture, regard shall
had
the amount
profit made
the infringer
reason
the
infringement, and
the amount
actual damage
incurred
the owner
the performing

or of

of

to an

of

by

be

of

or

of of

other

rights under Act. If any
45. Infringement
person infringes any right conferred
this Act
respect
book, the perform
the copyright
ing right
dramatic
musical work, the lecturing
right
lecture,
the copyright
artistic
work, the owner
the right infringed may maintain
penalties
profits, and
action for damages
injunction,
for
for any
those remedies.

or

be on

by

an of

is

of

by

of in

or

in

of as

PART W.-INFRINGEMENT

in

a

if

he

it

as is

to

to

to

to

be

to

of

a

be

of to
or

bust. (1.) When the owner
the copyright
painting,
any artistic work being
statue, bust,
other like work, disposes
such work for valu
able consideration, but does not assign the copy
right therein, the owner
the copyright (except
this section mentioned) may
the absence
writing
any agreement
the contrary make
replica
such work.
Right
statues, etc.,
author
make replicas

and

copyright. The
44. Assignment
owner
the
copyright
artistic work may assign his right
partially and either generally
wholly
limited
any particular place
period and may grant
any interest therein
assignment
licence
but
writing
grant shall not
valid unless
signed
the owner
the copyright.

lecturing right.

(2.) When the plate
other instrument men
employee
tioned
this section
made by
behalf
his employer the employer shall
deemed
the author
the copies produced
means
the plate
instrument.
painting, statue,
41. Copyright
case
sale

transmission,

an

he

if

as is

it

to

to

in

is

be

(2.) Subject
sub-section (1)
this section,
photograph
employee
when
made
behalf
his employer the employer shall
deemed
the author
the photograph.
prints.--(1.)
Engravings
Subject
40.
and
section thirty-four
this Act the engraver
other person who makes the plate
other instru
ment
which copies
artistic work are
multipled shall
deemed
the author
the copies produceed
means
the plate
instrument.

licence,

in

an

is

a

be

photographs.-(1.) When
39. Copyright
photograph
made
order for valuable con
sideration
the person
whose order
made
shall
entitled
the copyright therein
were the author thereof.

a

assignment,
purposes.

to

work, being
portrait,
made
order for valuable
consideration, the person
whose order
made
shall
entitled
the copyright therein
were the author thereof.

works.

artistic

or

or

in

in in

of

of

copyright
37. Ownership
artistic work. The
author of an artistic work shall be the first owner
the copyright
the work.
portraits.--When
38. Copyright
artistic

and ownership

s.

in

of

of

an

of

36. Commencement
and term
artistic copyright.
copyright
artistic work shall begin
with the making
the work, and shall subsist for
forty-two years
the term
for the author's
life and seven years whichever shall last the
longer.

The

43. Copyright

The copyright
artistic work and the owner
ship
the artistic work shall
deemed
ownership,
distinct properties for the purposes

by

in

is

or

a

is

in

in

35. Copyright
artistic works.-Copyright shall
every artistic work whether the author
Subsist
not, which
British subject
made
Australia after the commencement of this Act.

of

any purpose.

statue, bust,
other
not,
placed
order
placed
intended
street
other like
public place, the author may,
any
the absence
agreement
the contrary, make replicas thereof.
personal property. The
42. Artistic copyright
copyright
personal
artistic work shall
property, and shall
capable
assignment and
operation
transmission
law.

to

or

or

by

it,

in

or in

copyright in an
34. Meaning of copyright. The
artistic work means the exclusive right of the
Owner of the copyright to reproduce or authorise
another person to reproduce the artistic work, or
any material part of
any manner, form,
size,
any material,
any process,
for

public places. (2.) When
like work, whether made

or

PART IV.--ARTISTIC CoPYRIGHT.

artistic work.--

�of

in

of

of

or

is

a

to

a

of

or

by

is

or

or

in

to

of

a

of

be or

to

or

to

or

to

a

be

in

to

to

as be

or

be

or

in

to to

to

of

of

to

in

by

of

in

or of of

of

to

in

to

up

.

if

or

to

of

in

or

A

or it

in

:

or

in

of

or

in

to

or

Penalty

this section without just cause.
Twenty pounds.
any prosecution under sub-section (2)
with

of

(3.)

or

in

or

in

of

he

at

of

he

to

this section the defendant shall be deemed
have
given the notice without just cause unless
proves,
the satisfaction
the court
the hearing, that
giving the notice
the time
was the owner
the copyright
the book
artistic work
writing,
was the agent
such owner appointed
of

is

of

to

he

accordance

:

of

of

he be

if

or

A

or
be or

in

to

in

to

to

of

of

he to

a

in

of

or by

a

at

or

be

he

if
a

of

of

or

of

no

copyright
require
53. Power
owner
delivery
pirated books and works.
him
any-book
(1.) The owner
the copyright
artistic work,
the agent
such owner
writing, may
appointed
notice,
accordance
with the prescribed form, require any person
deliver
him any pirated reproduction
the
work, and every person
book
whom such
notice has been given, and who has any pirated
reproduction
the book
work
his possession
power, shall deliver up the pirated reproduction
the book
work
accordance with the notice.
Penalty Ten pounds.
person shall
(2.)
not give any notice

ofor

or

of

at

is of

in

in

of

to
a an

of

of

the performing right

satisfied
evidence that
there
ground
reasonable
for believing
that
pirated books
pirated artistic works
any house, shop,
are
found
warrant,
other place issue
accord
ance with the form prescribed, authoris
ing any constable
search, between
sunrise and sunset, the place where the
pirated books
pirated artistic works
be,
are supposed
and
seize and
bring them
any books
artistic works
reasonably suspected
pirated books
pirated artistic works before
court
summary jurisdiction.
summary jurisdiction may, on
(2.)
court
proof that any books
artistic works brought
pursuance
before
this section are pirated
pirated artistic works, order them
books
destroyed
delivered up, subject
such con
ditions,
any,
the court thinks fit,
the owner
the copyright
the book
artistic work.

of at to

or

so

to

of

in

or

of
to

no

a

be

to

of

in

to

or

;

an

a

to of

if

in

of

or

of

or

to

to

be be

of

infringement
that right.

of

in

or

in

or

be be
or

to

or

or a
to

as to

performed
the owner

by

in

or

or

If

or or

or

or

or

or

(c)

he

of

an

of

respect
51. Liability
use
theatre. Where
performed
dramatic
musical work
theatre
infringement
other place
the performing
right
the owner
that right, the proprietor
occupier who permitted the theatre
tenant
place
used for the performance
shall
deemed
have infringed the performing right and
guilty
shall
offence against this Act, and
penalty not exceeding Five
shall
liable
pounds for each such offence and the court may,
pay
addition
the penalty, Order the defendant
respect
the owner
the performing right
way
damages
each such infringement
sum
the amount
Ten pounds,
such amount
the court deems equal
the profits made by
the performance
the work, whichever sum
greater.
person shall
Provided that
convicted
an
proves
offence under this section
the
satisfaction
the court
the hearing that
did
not know and could not with reasonable care have
ascertained that the dramatic
musical work was

of

of A

in

If

(b)

If

50. Penalties for dealing with pirated books.
any person
exposes offers
(a) sells,
lets for hire,
keeps for sale
hire, any pirated book
any pirated artistic work;
public, any pirated
(b) distributes,
exhibits
any pirated artistic work
book
imports into Australia any pirated book
any pirated artistic work,
guilty
shall
offence against this Act,
penalty not exceeding Five
and shall
liable
pounds for each copy
such pirated book
pirated artistic work dealt with
contravention
this section, and also
forfeit
the owner
the copyright every such copy
dealt with, and
also
forfeit the plates, blocks, stone, matrix,
thing,
negative,
any, from which the pirated
pirated artistic work was printed
book
made.
Provided that the whole penalties inflicted on
any one offender
respect
the same transaction
shall not exceed Fifty pounds.
person shall
Provided also that
convicted
proves
offence under this section
the
satisfaction
the court
the hearing that
did
not know, and could not with reasonable care have
ascertained, that the book was
pirated book
pirated artistic work.
the work was

satisfied
evidence that there
reason
able ground
for believing
that pirated
pirated artistic works are being
books
sold,
warrant,
offered for sale issue
accordance with the form prescribed,
authorising any constable
seize the
pirated books
pirated
artistic works
bring them before
and
court
summary jurisdiction.

(a)

In

of

pirated copies.
52. Search warrant and seizure
(1.)
Justice
the Peace may upon the applica
any book
tion
the owner
the copyright
any artistic work
the agent
such
writing :
owner appointed

or

by

or

be

by

if

or

or

of

be

in to

be

pirated books and
pirated artistic works
shall
deemed
the property
the owner
the copyright
the book
work and may,
together with the plates, blocks, stone, matrix,
thing,
negative,
any, from which they are
made,
rinted
recovered
him
action
other lawful method.

or

all

All

�all

or

or in

so

of

of

all

in

by

to

he

or

of

of

or

a

of

in

in

or

all

court

of

on

any

with

in

just

he

as

at

of

or

of of

A
A

person shall not lodge any request
(5.)
police station
accordance with this section
cause.

Twenty pounds.
any prosecution under sub-section (5)
(6.)
this section the defendant shall be deemed to have
lodged the request without just cause unless
proves,
the satisfaction
the court
the
lodging the request
hearing, that
the time
was the owner
the copyright
the book
artistic work,
was the agent
such owner
writing and had reasonable ground
appointed
believe that pirated reproductions
the book
work were being unlawfully sold,
let for hire,
exposed
kept for sale
hire,
offered
dis
tributed,
public,
exhibited
the town
district
which the police station
situated.
at

at

of

of

to

he

In

of

:

Penalty

or

of in

of

or

or

or

is in

in

or

or or

of

in

or or

in

by

of

by

in

or

in

to

be

In

he

to

be

of

by

or

of

of

penalties. Where proceedings
57. Application
for any penalty under this Act are instituted
any book
any
the owner
the copyright
artistic work
the owner
the artistic work,
paid
way
the penalty shall
him
com
pensation for the injury
any
has sustained.
paid
other case the penalty shall
the Consoli
dated Revenue Fund.

in

is

or

by

or

of

or

or

58. Aiders and abetfors.-Whoever aids, abets,
counsels,
procures,
act
omission
indirectly, knowingly concerned
any way, directly
any offence against this Act,
the commission
shall
deemed
have committed that offence,
punishable accordingly.
and shall
summary
59. Limitation
actions
court
jurisdiction. Proceedings may
any
instituted
summary jurisdiction for the recovery
court
any penalty under this Act, but
such proceed
ings shall
instituted after the expiration
six
respect
months from the date
the offence
imposed.
which the penalty
summary jurisdiction.
60. Appeal from courts
An appeal shall
from any conviction
Order
(including any dismissal
any information,
application)
complaint,
court
sum
jurisdiction with
mary jurisdiction, exercising

to

be

of

of

of

a

or

lie

of

is

in

of

be

of

no

of

in

be

in

of

be

of of

in

or

a

or

before

jurisdiction may,
interested, make such
books
works

thinks just.

or

in

of

by

in

at be
in

is

in

of

at

works

of

to

or

in

of

or

in

or

of

to

:

be

an

of of

(c)

the person to whom the notice was given was about
to perform or take part in the performance of the
musical or dramatic work in infringement of the
performing right of the owner.
55. Penalty for false representations in notices.
Any person, who in any notice given in pursuance
of this Act, makes a representation, which is false
in fact and which he knows to be false or does not
believe to be true, that he is
(a) the owner of the copyright in any book or
artistic work, or
right in a
(b) the owner of the performing
musical or dramatic work, or
any such owner,
the agent
guilty
shall
offence against this Act.
Penalty Two years' imprisonment.
police
56. Request
seize pirated books and
any
works.--(1.) The owner
the copyright
book
artistic work
the agent
such owner
writing may,
appointed
accordance with the
prescribed form, request that any pirated reproduc
tions
the book
work
seized
the police,
any police station.
and may lodge the request
(2.) Any police constable
the town
district
which the police station
situated (whether
State), may,
the service
the Commonwealth
any time
the day time within seven days

with bring
such books
summary jurisdiction.
summary
(4.)
court
any person
the application
order for the disposal
the

he

of the musical or dramatic work in infringement
of his right, and require any person to refrain
from performing or taking part in the performance
of the musical or dramatic work, and every person
to whom a notice has been given in accordance with
this section shall refrain from performing or taking
part in the performance of the musical or dramatic
Work specified in the notice in infringement of the
performing right of such owner.
Penalty : Ten pounds.
(2.) A person shall not give any notice in pur
Suance of this section without just cause.
Penalty : Twenty pounds.
(3.) In any prosecution under sub-section (2) of
this section, the defendant shall be deemed to have
given the notice without just cause unless he proves,
to the satisfaction of the court at the hearing, that
at the time of giving the notice he was the owner
of the performing right in the musical or dramatic
work, or the agent of the owner appointed in
writing, and had reasonable ground to believe that

or or to

54. Power of owner of performing right to forbid
performance in infringement of his right. (1.) The
right in a musical or
owner of the performing
dramatic work, or the agent of the owner appointed
in Writing, may, by notice in writing in accordance
with the prescribed form, forbid the performance

lodged, seize
pirated
after the request was
reproductions
the book
work mentioned
reproductions
the notice, and
the book
work which
has reasonable ground
believe
are pirated reproductions, found
him
the
possession
any person other than the owner
the copyright
the book
work.
(3.) Every police constable who seizes any books
pursuance
works
this section shall forth

in

and had reasonable ground to believe that the
person to whom the notice was given had pirated
reproductions of the book or work in his possession
or power.

�10
on

of

by

in

of

to

or

of

on
a

at

by

be

of of of

of

of

of

or

of

of

to

in

of

he

by

or

or

of

by

to

or

or

by
or

of

or

to

in

be

of

or

to

in

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by

be

in or

of

be

be

of

be

to

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as

or
be

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be

to

or

be

of

of

of

of

or

or

in

of

on

all

at

of

be

or

to

in

of

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of of

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of

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to

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in

by
or

by

at

of

dence
the particulars entered therein and docu
copies
any entry therein
ments purporting
extracts therefrom certified
the Registrar and
sealed with the seal
the Copyrights Office shall
admissible
evidence
all Federal
State
production
courts without further proof
the
Originals.
copies
70. Certified copies. Certified
entries
any register under this Act
extracts there
payment
from shall,
the prescribed fee,
given
any person applying for them.
register. Each
register under
71. Inspection
public inspection
open
this Act shall
to

STATE

AND

62. Protection
Australia
International and
any copyright
State Copyright. The owner
right
performing
any literary, musical,
protection
dramatic work
artistic work entitled
any Act
Australia
virtue
the Parliament
protection
the United Kingdom
entitled
any State
any State Copyright Act
virtue
force
the commencement of this Act shall on
obtaining
certificate
the registration
his
right under this part
Copyright
performing
this Act have the same protection
the
against the infringement
Commonwealth
his
copyright
right
performing
any
the owner
Copyright
performing right under this Act.
copyright.
63. Registration
International
any copyright
performing
(1.) The owner
right who desires
obtain the benefit
this part
this Act may,
manner and
accordance with
the form prescribed,
make application
the
Registrar for the registration
his copyright
right.
performing

in of in

any
Sions. When any person becomes entitled
lecturing right under
copyright performing right
any assignment
this Act
virtue
trans
mission,
any interest therein
licence,
may obtain registration
the assignment, trans
mission,
licence
the manner prescribed.
67. How registration effected. The registration
right
lecturing
any copyright
performing
right under this Act,
any assignment
trans
any interest therein
licence,
mission thereof
entering
shall
effected
the proper register
relating
the prescribed particulars
the right,
assignment, transmission,
licence.
any
68. Trusts not registered. (1.)
No notice
trust expressed, implied,
constructive
shall
Copyrights under this
any Register
entered
Act
receivable
the Registrar.
respect
(2.) Subject
this section, equities
performing right
any copyright
lecturing
right under this Act may
enforced
the same
equities
respect
manner
other personal
property.
evidence. Every
Register
69. Register
prima facie evi
copyrights under this Act shall

of

of of

VI.-INTERNATIONAL
COPYRIGHT.

of

registration. The
any
65. Method
owner
performing right
lecturing right
copyright
under this Act may obtain registration
his right
the manner prescribed.
assignments and transmis
66. Registration

of

PART

Literary Copyrights.
Fine Arts Copyrights.
International and State Copy

or
by

of of

by

have been given

to

byto

the Minister shall
deemed
the owner
the Minister.

to

by

or

be

a

in

or

of

of

A

to

of

of

the copyright and
its term.
(5.)
notice given
the Commissioners
Customs
the United Kingdom,
the owner
the copyright
his agent,
the existence
the
copyright
book
artistic work and
its
term, and communicated
the said Commissioners

Copyright Office:
The Register
The Register
The Register
rights.

or

to

of

or

his agent has
the existence

Copyright Registers.--The following Registers
copyrights shall
kept
the Registrar
the

64.

be

if

as

of

or

any book
owner
the copyright therein
given written notice
the Minister

of to

apply

this section shall not
artistic work unless the

OF COPYRIGHTS.

in

of

to

to

to

of

(4.) The provisions

PART WII.-REGISTRATION

of

to
by

be

be

or

this Act
otherwise).
(2.) All pirated books and pirated artistic works
imported into Australia contrary
this section
any officer
shall
forfeited and may
seized
of Customs.
3.) Subject
this Act the provisions
the
Customs Act, 1901, shall apply
the seizure and
pirated books and artistic works under
forfeiture
they were
this section
the same extent
prohibited imports under that Act.

(2.) The Registrar may thereupon, and
being satisfied
proof
the prescribed particu
payment
lars and
the prescribed fee, register
performing right and issue
the copyright
the
applicant
registration
certificate
accordance
with the prescribed form.

in

is

in

in

(b)

respect to any offence or matter under this Act, to
the court and in the manner and time provided by
the law of the State in which the proceedings were
instituted in the case of appeals from courts of
summary jurisdiction in that State.
61. Importafion
of pirated works.
(1.) The
following goods are prohibited to be imported :
copyright
(a) All pirated books in which
is
subsisting
in Australia (whether under
this Act or otherwise): and
All pirated artistic works
which copyright
subsisting
Australia (whether under

�or
a to

of

of

to

of

or

of

of

be

to

of

by

of

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to

in

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to

or

in

to

of or

or

:

of

of

or

or

by

to

a

as

its

at

to

in

or

to to

to

in

or

to

or

it

is

he

of

as
a

or

or

or

of

to

of

in

of

or

or

of

is

in

in

of

by

or

or

Co. LD., PRINTERs, LONDONAND TONBRIDGE.

of

to

be

to

or

be

all

giving effect
this Act,
for the conduct
business relating
the Copyrights Office.
to

is

&amp;

or

of

to

on

or

of

as

in

all to

of in

of

to

of of

or

or

in
a

of

BRADBURY,AGNEW,

may
79. Regulations. The
Governor-General
make regulations, not inconsistent
with this Act,
prescribing
matters which
this Act are
required
permitted
prescribed,
which
prescribed for
are necessary
convenient
to

to

or

or

of or

or

(3.) This section shall not affect the right
the
bring
owner
the lecturing right
lecture
actions
suits
institute proceedings for
infringements
his lecturing right.
registrar. (1.) Every
75. Delivery
books
person applying for the registration
the copyright
any book shall deliver
the Registrar two copies
maps and illustrations
the whole book with
belonging thereto, finished and coloured
the
same manner
the best copies
the book are
published and bound, sewed,
stitched together,
and
the best paper
which the book
printed.

or

in

\

or

right
interest has been
the owner thereof may, subject
this
Act, bring actions
suits
institute proceedings
performing
for infringements
the copyright
right, whether those infringements happened before
after the registration.
registered

77. Provision against suppression
books.--If
the Governor-General
satisfied that the owner
any book,
the copyright
the performing
right
any dramatic work
musical work,
right
any lecture, has refused,
the lecturing
republish
after the death
the author,
allow
republication
the book,
the public perform
ance
the dramatic
musical work,
the
publication
book
the lecture, and that
reason thereof the book, dramatic work, musical
work,
may
lecture
withheld from the public,
grant any person applying for
licence
republish the book,
perform the dramatic
Wolk,
publish the lecture
musical work,
book,
such manner and subject
such
conditions as
the Governor-General seem fit.
78. Power
award costs.-In any action
proceeding taken
any court under this Act, the
court shall have power
award costs
discretion.
or

to

or

or

or

of

or by

or

of

or

be

of

of this Act.
(2.) When such

to

S.

or

of

PART VIII.-MISCELLANEOUS.

of

or
a

by
a

74. Owner cannot sue before registration. (1.)
any copyright
performing right
The owner
any interest therein
under this Act
licence
bring any action
shall not
entitled
suit
institute any proceedings for any infringement
performing right unless such
the copyright
right
pursuance
interest has been registered

it.

of

in

in

by

registrar.
76. False representation
Patents
Act, 1903,
112. No person shall wilfully make
any false statement
representation
deceive
any officer
the Registrar
the execution
this
part
procure
this Act,
influence the
doing
anything
omission
relation
this
part
any matter thereunder.
this Act
Penalty Three years' imprisonment.

to

lie

(b) entering any prescribed
memorandum
or
particular
relating to copyright or other
right under this Act.
73. Rectification of Register by the Court. (1.)
Subject to this Act the Supreme Court of any State
or a judge thereof may, on the application of the
Registrar or of any person aggrieved, order the
rectification of any register under this Act by
(a) the making of any entry wrongly omitted to
be made in the register ; or
(b)
the expunging of any entry wrongly made in
or remaining on the register; or
(c) the correction of any error or defect in the
register.
(2.) An appeal shall
the High Court from
any order for the rectification
any register
Judge under this
Supreme Court
made
section.

Sections (1) and (2)
this section have been
complied with.
(4.) One copy
each book delivered
the
Registrar
pursuance
this section shall
forwarded
him
the librarian
the Parlia
ment, and the other copy shall
retained
the
Registrar, until otherwise prescribed.

or

Act by
(a) correcting any error in any name, address, or
particular ; and

of

person applying for the registration
any work
the copyright
art shall deliver
the Registrar one copy
the work
art
photograph
register the
(3.) The Registrar shall refuse
Copyright
any book
work
art until sub

of

72. Correction of register. The registrar may, in
prescribed cases and subject to the prescribed
conditions, amend or alter any register under this

on

(2) Every

to

the prescribed

of

on payment

in

times

a

convenient
fee.

of

11

any

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