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Title A name given to the resource The Author Subject The topic of the resource <em>The Author</em> Description An account of the resource A digitised run of the Society of Authors' monthly periodical, <em>The Author</em>, 1890<span>–</span>1914, made available together for the first time.<br /><br />Currently users can browse issues and <a href="https://historysoa.com/items/browse?search=&amp;advanced%5B0%5D%5Bjoiner%5D=and&amp;advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&amp;advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&amp;advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Index&amp;collection=&amp;type=&amp;tags=&amp;exhibit=&amp;date_search_term=&amp;submit_search=Search+For+Items&amp;sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CTitle">indices</a> (not available for all volumes). Full text search for all issues, and other additional search functionality, will be added in 2022. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1890–1914 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context The-Author-Issues Publication Date The date of an event (in YYYY, YYYY-MM or YYYY-MM-DD format) 1891-12-01 Volume 2 Issue 7 Pages Page range in volume 193–224 Ngram Date Version of the date in YYYYMMDD format for use by the Ngram plugin 18911201 Ngram Text Version of the text with no HTML formatting for use by the Ngram plugin XT b e Hutbor* (The Organ of the Incorporated Society of Authors. Monthly.) CONDUCTED BY WALTER BESANT. Vol. II.—No. 7.] DECEMBER 1, 1891. [Pkice Sixpence. CONTENTS. PAGE Warnings '97 Notices '97 The Authors' Club 98 On Royalties '99 The Cost of Production 300 International Copyright Joo Tho Study of English aoo Tempota (et Fcniuuc) Mntantur 301 An Arabian Night 301 To a Young Violinist 302 The Growth of Literature in New Zealand 303 Notes and News 305 The Hygiene of the Literary' Li'" 308 "The Arrowmaker" 309 TAQE I Spirit! Dei Ponti. The Spirits of Bridges 310 A Method of Advertisement 313 A Puzzling Experience 314 Correspondence— I.—A New Departure 314 II.—A New Reading Union 214 III. —On New Work aij IV. —Novels in a Batch 315 V.—The Generosity of tho Religious Society .. .. 31J VI.—The Bookman 316 Notes on the Above 316 "At the Author's Head" 317 New Books and New Editions 319 EYRE AND SPOTTISWOODE. STATE TRIALS, Keports of. New Series. Vol. HI., 1831—40. Published under tho direction of the State Trials Committee. Edited bv .loiix Macdoxeli.. M.A. io». INVESTMENTS. A List of r,6oo British, Colonial and Foreign Securities dealt in upon the London and Provincial Exchanges, giving tho highest and lowest prices of each particular Stock for each of the last twenty-two years, or from the time of the creation of such Stock, also the price on 30th May, 1801, and the yield per cent, to the Investor. Compiled by G. Brown. 2.1. 6d. PUBLIC GENERAL ACTS, 1891. Keel Cloth, 3*. Contains all the Public Acts passed during the jear, with Index, also Tables showing the effect of the year's legislation, together with complete and classified Lists of the Titles of all the Local and Private Acts passed during the Session. JOURNAL OF THE BRITISH ASTRONOMICAL ASSOCIATION. Monthly, i». 6d.; Annual Subscription, in- cluding postage, i8». FORECASTING BY MEANS OF WEATHER CHARTS, Principles of. By tho Hon. RAXPH Abecrohby, F.R. Met. 800. 3*. MKTEROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS, Instructions in the USe Of. 3T. 6d. THE LITERATURE RELATING TO NEW ZEALAND. A Bibliography. Royal Svo. Cloth, is. 6d. POLYNESIAN MYTHOLOGY AND ANCIENT TRA- DITIONAL HISTORY OP THE NEW ZEALAND RACE. BySirGEOROEGREY. K.C.B. Illustrated. Royal 8vo. Cloth, 5«. ANCIENT HISTORY OF THE MAORI. By John WniTE. Demy Svo. Half Morocco. 4 vols. iw. per vol. PLIOCENE DEPOSITS OF BRITAIN, THE. By Clemest Reid, F.L.S., F.G.S. Five Plates (48 cuts), s*. 6rf. LONDON AND NEIGHBOURHOOD: Guide to the Geology of. By William Wiiitaker, B.A. is. LONDON AND OF PART OF THE THAMES VALLEY, Tho Geology of. Bv W. WniTAKER, B.A., F.R.S., F.G.S., Assoc. Inst. C.E. Vol. I. DESCRIPTIVE GEOLOGY. 8vo. Cloth, 6s. Vol. II. APPENDICES. 8vo. Cloth, j». KEW BULLETIN, 1890. Issued by the Director of Kcw Gardens. 28. lod. KEW BULLETIN, 1891. Monthly, zd. Appendices, id. each. Annual Subscription, including postage, 3s. gd. DESCRIPriVE CATALOGUE OF MUSICAL INSTRU- MENTS recently exhibited at the Royal Military Exhibition. Compiled by Capt. Day, Oxfordshire Light Infantry, under the orders of Col. Shaw-Hellieb, Commandant Royal Military School of Music. Illustrated by a series of Twelvo artistically executed Plates in Heliogravure, and with numerous Wood Engravings. 3 iff. "It affords information obtainable nowhere else, and it has been put togetht r with so much care and thoughtfulness that Capt. Day's volume will be indeed welcomed by all who have to deal with the wind instruments, and can be accepted without question as tho standard authority."—Musical News. PUBLIC RECORDS. A Guide to the Principal Classes of Documents preserved in the Public Record Olllce. By S. R. Scargill-Bird. F.S.A. 7*. "The value of such a work as Mr. Scargill-Bird's can scarcely be over-rated."—Times. Monthly Lists of Parliamentary Papers upon Application. Quarterly Lists Post Free, id. Miscellaneous List on Application. Every Assistance given to Correspondents; and Books not kept in stock obtained without delay. Remittance should accompany Order. GOVERNMENT A\D GENERAL PUHLISHERS. EYRE anil SPOTTISWOODE, Her Majesty's Printers, East Harding Street, London, E.C.  ## p. 194 (#598) ############################################ i94 AD VERTISEMENTS. Messrs. METHUEN'S LIST. #cto Boofts for Cljrtstmas presents. THE COLLEGES OF OXFORD : their History and their Traditions. Twenty-one Chapters by Members of the Colleges, Edited by Andrew Clark, M.A., Fellow of Lincoln. 8vo. 18s. "Whether the reader approaches the book as a patriotic member of a college, as an antiquary, or as student of the organic growth of college foundations, it will amply reward his attention."—Times. THE LIFE OF ADMIRAL LORD COLLINGWOOD. By W. Clark Russell, Author of "The Wreck of the 'Grosvenor.'" With Illustrations by F. Brangwyn. 8vo. ijs. "Those that believe that there is no better reading than the lives of those who have fought and bled and died for their country will be glad that there has at length appeared a really adequate biography of such a true Englishman as Lord Collingwood."—Anti-Jacobin. OLD COUNTRY LIFE. By S. Daring Gould, Author of "Mehalah," &c. With Sixty-seven Illustrations by W. Parkinson-, F. D. Bediord. and F. Masey. Larue crown 8vo., cloth super extra, top edge gilt. ios. bd. Third Edition. "' Old Country Life," as healthy, wholesome reading, full of breezy life and movement, full of quaint stories vigorously told, will not be excellod by any book to bo published throughout the year. Sound, hearty, and English to the core."— World. S. BARING GOULD. URITII: A Story of Dartmoor. By S. Baring Gould Author of "Mehalah," &c. Xow Edition. Crown Svo. 6s. "Mr. Baring Gould is at his Iwst in ' Until." "—Timet. Mrs. MOLESWORTH. THE RED GRANGE. By Mrs. Molesworth, Author of "The Cuckoo Clock," Ac. With Illustrations by Gordon Browne. Extra crown Svo. 6s. Mrs. WALFORD. A PINCH OF EXPERIENCE. By L. B. Walford, Author of "Mr. Smith." With Illustrations by Goudok Brown e. Extra crown Svo. 6*. THE AUTHOR OF "MADEMOISELLE MORI." THE SECRET OF MADAME DE MONLUC. By the Author of "The Atelier du Lys." Crown 8vo., cloth extra, $$. NEW NOVELS. L. T. MEADE. THE HONOURABLE MISS: A Tale of a Country Town. By L. T. Meade, Author of "Scamp and I," " A Girl of the People," 4c With Illustrations by Everard Hopkihs. Crown 8vo. 3s. bd. GIRL OF THE PEOPLE. By L. T. Meade. Illustrations by R. Barnes. Crown Svo. 3*. 6d. With HEPSY GIPSY. By L. T. Meade, Author of "A Girl of the People," Ac. Illustrated by Evbrard Hopkins. Crown SVO. 28. bd. Mrs. PARR. DUMPS. By Mrs. Parr, Author of "Dorothy Fox," &c. Illustrated by W. Parkinson. Crown Svo. }*.M. NEW AND CHEAPER EDITIONS. MASTER ROCKAFELLAR'S VOYAGE. By W. Clark Russell, Author of "The Wreck of the 'Grosvenor,'" &c. Illustrated by Gordon Browne. Crown 8vo. 3s. 6d. "Mr. Clark Russell's story of 'Master Roekafellar's Voyago' will be among the favourites of the Christmas books. There is a rattle and go all through it, and its illustrations are charming in themselves, and very much above the average in the way in which they are produced. —Guardian. SYD HELTON; or, the Boy who would not go to Sea. By G. Manville Fenn, Author of " Iu the King's Name," flee. Illustrated by Gordon Browne. Crown Svo. 3s. bd. "The pick of the adventure books for this season. There is not a dull page in it. 'Syd Bclton' is a capital book."—Sptakrr. MY LAND OF BEULAH. By Mrs. Leith Adams. With a Frontispiece by Gordon Browne. Crown 8vo. "is. 6d. NATURE IN BOOKS: Studies in Literary Biography. By P. Anderson-Gkaiiam. Crown 8vo. 6s. This is an attempt to trace the influence of surrounding circum- stances, and especially of the influences of nature, on some great writers. The chapters are entitled :—I. "The Magic of the Fields" (JefCeries). II. " Art andXature" (Tennyson). 111."The Doctrine of Idleness" (Thoreau). IV. "The Romance of Life" (Scott). V. •• The Poetry or Toil" (Burns). VI. "The Divinity or Nature" (Wordsworth). The Latest Translation of Ibsen. BRAND. A Drama by Henry Ibsen. Translated by William Wilson. Crown Svo. j*. THE IMITATION OF BUDDHA: being Quotations from Buddhist Literature for each day in the year. By E. M. Bowden. With Preface by Sir Edwin Arnold. 34010. 2s. bd. LYRA HEROICA: a Book of Verse for Boys. Selected and Arranged by W. E. Henley. Crown 8vo. Buckram, gilt top. 6s. VERSES. By Graham R. Tomson. With Frontispiece by A. Tomson. Fcap. 8vo. 3s. id. Also an Edition on hand-made paper, limited to So copies. Large crown 8vo. 10s. bd. net. FREAKS OF FANATICISM. By S. Baring Gould. Crown 8yo. 6s. A New and Cheaper Edition of the Book originally published as the Second Series of" Historic Oddities." HISTORIC ODDITIES AN I) STRANGE EVENTS. By S. Baring Gould. First Series. Third Edition. Crown 8VO. bt. METHUEN & Co., 18, Bury Street, W.C.  ## p. 195 (#599) ############################################ AD VERTISEMENTS. J95 THE CENTRAL TYPE-WRITING OFFICE, (ESTABLISHED 1887.) 57 & 58, Chancery Lane, W.C. $JrtlUt|)HM: Miss M. E. DUCK and Miss I. B. LOOKER. Type-writing and Copying of every Description under- taken for the Literary, Dramatic, Clerical, Legal, and other Professions. Type-writing from Dictation a Specialty. Highest Testimonials for Excellence of Work and Promp- titude from AUTHORS and others. PRICE LIST O.V APPLICATION-TERMS MODERATE. miss n.. sr. g-xxjXj, TYPE-WRITING OFFICES, 6, Adam Street, Strand, W.C, and 5, Air Street, Piccadilly, W. Authors' and Dramatists' Work a Specialty. All kinds of MSS. copied with care. Extra attention given to difficult hand-writing and to papers or lectures on scientific subjects. Type-writing from dictation. Shorthand Notes taken and transcribed. FURTHER PARTICULARS ON APPLICATION. TYPE-WRITING. Authors' MSS. carefully Transcribed. Writings by Post receive prompt attention. Scientific and Medical Papers a Specialty. MISSES ERWIKT, 13, Dorset Street, Portman Square, W. MISSES E. & S. ALLEN, TYPE AND SHORTHAND WRITERS. TRANSLATIONS and Scientific Work a Special Feature. 39, Lombard Stheet, E.C. Office No. 59 (close to Lift). .TTBKT, TYPE-WRITES, 44, Oakley Flats, Oakley Street, Chelsea, S.W. Authors' MSS. carefully copied from Is. per 1,000 Words. One additional Copy (Carbon) supplied Free of Charge. References kindly permitted to George Augustus Sala, Esq. Particulars on Application. ASHWORTH & Co., 4, Abchurch Yard, Cannon Street, E.C. Authors' MSS. type-written from Is. 3d. per 1,000 words. TRANSLATIONS. CITY TYPE-WRITING & SHORTHAND OFFICES, MANSION HOUSE CHAMBERS, 20, Bucklershury, London, E.C. Tho Department for Lndy Pupils has unremitting attention, as evidenced by the unqualified Success whicb has attended its management. The Course includes Shorthand, Type-writing, Book-keeping, and Commercial Correspondence, and when Pupils have acquired proficiency— POSITIONS ARE GUARANTEED. Particulars on application to— MARY H. X>-A-Y. 2XT. S. GILL, TYPE-WRITING OFFICE, ST. PAUL'S CHAMBERS, 19, LUDGATE HILL, E.C. (ESTABLISHED 1883.) Authors' MSS. carefully copied from I*, per 1,000 words. One additional copy (carbon) supplied free of charge. Instruction given in Pitman's System of Shorthand and in type- writing. References kindly permitted to Walter Besant, Esq. MISSES AIRD & WEDDERSPOON, SHORTHAND, TRANSLATING, and TYPEWRITING OFFICES, ft, SX7W COURT, CORIJHILL, E.C. Translations carefully and correctly made. Shorthand and Typewriting Clerks sent ont on short notice. Type- writing of all kinds done with neatness, accuracy, and despatch. Special pains taken with Authors' MSS. Pupils trained in Pitman's System of Shorthand, and in Type- writing. -A.. ES. LEHTTY, TYPE WRITING OFFICE, 165, QUEEN VICTOKIA STREET. Highest Testimonials for all kinds of Work. Price List on Application. VICTORIA TYPE-WRITING OFFICE. (FRANCES A. COX.) 565, Mansion House Chambers; 11, Queen Victoria Street, E.C. Authors' MSS. carefully typed. Legal and General Copying. PROSPECTUS ON APPLICATION. HOW FEW CAN WRITE CORRECTLY, and how very few express their thoughts gracefully and with precision! The grammar, punctuation, and style of writing (whether of important private letters, essays, sermons, public addresses, or MSS. intended for thepress),inost carefully revised byG. WASHINGTON MOON Hon. F.R.S.L., Author of "The Dean's English," "Bud English Exposed," " The Revisers'English," "Common Errors." and other critical works on the English language, and Reader to one of the largest of the London publishing tinus.—Terms on application at IB, New Burlington Street, W., London. LADY SECRETARY, with thorough knowledge of Type-writing and Shorthand requires a rc-appointuient. Excellent References. Address, B., c/o Miss Gill, 6, Adam Street, Strand, W.C, who would also answer persoual enquiries. VOL. II. JJ 2  ## p. 196 (#600) ############################################ , 96 AD VER TISEMENTS. The <; Swan" is a beautiful Gold Pen joined to a rubber reservoir to hold any kind of ink, which it supplies to the writing point in a continuous flow. It will hold enough ink for two davs' constant work, or a week's ordinary writing, and can be refilled with as little trouble as to wind a watch. With the cover over the gold nib it is carried in the pocket like a pencil, to be used anywhere. A purchaser may try a pen a few days, and if by chance the writing point does not suit his hand, exchange it for another without charge, or have his money returned if wanted. There are various points to select from, broad, medium, and fine, every handwriting can he suited, and the price of the entire instrnmeut, with filler complete, post free, is only 10s. 6d. The Gold Pens in the "Swan" are Mabie, Todd, & Co.'s famous make. They are 14-carat tempered gold, very handsome, and positively unaffected by any kind of ink. They are pointed with selected polished iridium. The " Encyclopaedia Britannica" says:—"Iridium is a nearly white metal of high specific gravity, it is almost indestructible, and a beautifully polished surface can be obtained upon it." They will not penetrate the paper, and writer's cramp is unknown among users of Gold Pens. One will outwear 90 grOSS Of Steel pens. They are a perfect revelation to those who know nothing about Gold Pens. I)k. Oliver Wendell Holmks has used one of Mabie, Todd, & Co.'s Gold Pens since 1857, and is using the same one (his " old friend ") to-day. Sydney Gucndy, Esq., says (referring to the Fountain Pen) :—" It is a vast improvement on ever}- Stylograph." Mobeklt Hell, Esq., Manager, The Times, says (referring to the Fountain Pen) :—" One pen lasted me for six years." S. I). Waddy, Esq., Q.C., M.P., says (referring to the Fountain Pen) :—" 1 have used them constantly for some years, and, as far ns I can remember, they have never failed me." Send Postal Card for Free Illustrated List (containing interesting Testimonials from the Best People, who have used them for years) to— MABIE, TODD, & BARD, 03, CHEAFSIDB, LOIXTDOHT. *'  ## p. 197 (#601) ############################################ ^Ibe Hutbor* (The Organ of the Incorporated Society of Authort. Monthly.) CONDUCTED BY WALTER BESANT. Vol. II.—No. 7.] DECEMBER 1, 1891. [Price Sixpence. For the Opinions expressed in papers that arc signed the Authors alone are responsible, WARNINGS. Readers of the Author are earnestly desired to make the following warnings as widely known as possible. They are based on the experience of six years' work upon the dangers to which literary property is exposed:— (1.) Never sign any agreement of which the alleged cost of production forms an integral part, unless an opportunity of proving the correctness of the figures is given them. (2.) Never enter into any correspondence with publishers, especially with advertising publishers, who are not recommended by experienced friends or by this Society. (3.) Never, on any account whatever, bind yourself down for future work to any one firm of publishers. (4.) Never accept any proposal of royalty without ascertaining exactly what the agreement gives to the author and what to the publisher. (5.) Never accept any pecuniary risk or respon- sibility whatever without advice. (6.) Never, when a MS. has been refused by respectable houses, pay others, whatever promises they may put forward, for the production of the work. (7.) Never sign away American rights. Keep them. Refuse to sign an agreement con- taining a clause which reserves them for the publisher. If the publisher insists, take away the MS. and offer it to another. (8.) Never forget that publishing is a business, like anv other business, totally unconnected with philanthropy, charity, or pure love of literature. You have to do with business men. Society's Offices:— 4, Portugal Street, Lincoln's Ins Fields. «-«~» NOTICES. THE Committee have to acknowledge with thanks the ample response made to their request for subscriptions towards the pro- posed presentation to Mr. Robert Underwood Johnson. No more money need be sent, as the amount received and promised will fully cover the amount spent. We will render a further account uext mouth. The meaning, as between publisher and author, of the so-called "Royalty System"—where there is no system—was explained in the Author for November 1891. Writers are entreated, in their own interests, to study the facts and figures there set forth. Communications intended for the Authors' Syndi- cate should be addressed to W. Morris Colles, the Honorary Secretary. Mr. Colles will issue a report on the financial side of the Syndicate, drawn by a firm of chartered accountants, at the beginning of the new year,  ## p. 198 (#602) ############################################ ig8 THE AUTHOR. All persons engaged in literary work of any kind, whether members of this Society or not, are invited to communicate to the Editor any points connected with their work which it would be advisable in the general interest to publish. Members and others who wish their MSS. read are requested not to send them to the Office without previously communicating with the Secretary. The utmost practicable despatch is aimed at, and MSS. are read in the order in which they are received. It must also be distinctly understood that the Society does not, under any circumstances, under- take the publication of MSS. The official directions for the securing of American copyright by English authors were given in the Author for June 1891. Members are earnestly entreated to take the trouble of reading those directions. Members are earnestly requested to forward agreements to the Society for inspection before they sign them. Once signed, the mischief is generally irreparable. A correspondent writes to ask for information as to the "loss" of copyright. A few elementary points are, therefore, advanced. Copyright is the right to copy or reproduce. It must not be parted with, except for a consideration fair and reasonable. Most publishers' agreements contain a clause which assigns to them the copyright. It is called some- times by its own name, sometimes it is called the right to first and all subsequent editions, some- times it. is called the right to produce future editions at cheaper prices, should the publisher think lit. Then follows the consideration for which the author is asked to surrender his property. Writers who sign this agreement in too many cases do not even know what they are giving or selling, and in some instances are too inexperienced in business matters to understand plain English. Let them before signing any agreement ask themselves these questions: 1. Does the agreement assign the copyright to the publishers? 2. If so, for what consideration? 3. What does that consideration leave to the publishers on the side of the first and all subsequent editions? ■ ■— THE AUTHORS' CLUB. 1. AFINAL meeting of the Parliamentary Com- mittee of the proposed Authors' Club was held at the Society's Office on Thursday last. Mr. Oswald Craufurd, C.M.G., in the chair. The rules have now been finally adopted. The pro- spectus of the club has been drawn up and adopted. It has been decided to bring out the club, as many other new clubs have been successfully started, as a Joint Stock Company. The committee have every reason to be sanguine of success. Up to the present moment they have received the names of many well known men of letters. The subscription will be, at first, four guineas a year. II. Prospectus. Literature, which formerly was taken to include little beside history, belles lettres, and poetry, now includes writing on any and every subject that can occupy the wit of man. There are those who write on science—an army in them- selves; those who write fiction—another armv; those who write on music, painting, sculpture, architecture, and all branches of art. There are those who write on law, those who write on medicine, those who write on social and political economy, those who write on theology, those who write their travels, those who write biography, those who write essays and magazine articles. There are journalists, and there are those who sit in judgment on all who write. In every liberal profession there are authors. In every calling out- side the liberal professions there are authors. Those who write books are not necessarily authors by profession. They think they have a thing to say, and they say it by means of a book. In may be a contribution to their own profession, the subject in which they have been trained. It may- be only one book that makes its writer an author. The living authors, including every man and every woman who has written a book, may now be numbered by thousands. The Authors' Club is established for the associa- tion of authors in every branch of literature, including in that term the writers and editors of books, dramatists, journalists, and contributors to leading periodicals, or to the transactions of learned and scientific societies, and writers in collective publications. But it will be understood, the fact of a man having written books—however good or successful  ## p. 199 (#603) ############################################ THE AUTHOR. 199 —will not alone qualify him for admission to the Club unless he is iilso a clubbable person. At present it cannot be said that there is any literary club at all. There are men of letters at the Athenaeum, just as there are men distin- guished in the church, in science, and in art. There are men of letters in the Savile, the Gnrrick, the Arts, and the Savage, but there is no such thing as a'club where the first qualification is that the members shall belong to the republic of letters. There is no club which serves the interests of literature in the same way as the Service Clubs act for the Army and the Navy. And just as there exist in the Army and the Navy the widest possible differences and distinctions among the members, .so the widest possible differences exist among authors, and should not be a bar to union. It is intended to make the Club a high-class in- stitution. It will, for instance, contain reading and ■writing rooms, billiard rooms, smoking rooms, card rooms, dressing rooms, dining rooms, &c. Some of the special advantages of the Club for members will be as follows :— (1.) It will be a Club with a very reasonable subscription and charges. (2.) It will be placed in a central position. (3.) Every member will be supposed to know every other member. (4.) It will aim at being a social club on the lines already followed by some of the newer clubs. (5.) Members will have the privilege of enter- taining their friends. (6.) It will contain rooms for writing, provided with a referenee library. (7.) There will be a table d'hote dinner as well as dinners at separate tables. (8.) The Club will necessarily, from the quali- fications demanded of its members, step at the outset into the front as a society composed of men who have at least shown some intellectual activity. (9.) Its members will be limited to 600. III. The advantages which this Club, successful and well managed, ought to confer upon the pro- fession of letters, may be briefly summed up as follows: It has long been one of the chief aims of the Society of Authors to bring together, as barristers are brought together, though they may l>e united by a more slender tie, those who produce the literature of the day. It is found that the Society, whose chief work is the defence of the property created by these producers, has developed some power of awakening the spirit and cama- raderie belonging to a common profession; but that it necessarily lacks the power of bringing together the members of the profession. We cannot have a common hall, we cannot have benchers to maintain the dignity and watch for the honour of the profession. But, we have a Society, and we may, if we please, have a club. The spirit engendered by the existence of common interests lies at the root of all professional unions. When these interests are recognised and understood to be common to all, the professional spirit will grow and spread. The old jealousies and quarrels of authors, which disgrace the history of literature, will be rendered impossible when, as in the legal profession, men are restrained by public opinion, or by professional etiquette, from the old miserable practice of rending, abusing, and scarifying each other. No reasonable person ever can or will object to open and honourable criticism, especially when it is invited by sending books to an editor for review. But it is above all things desirable to create and to foster that professional spirit which shall make authors feel that they owe to each other the same respect, and must pay the same outward forms of respect, as barrister owes and pays to barrister, or physician to physician. Now the Authors' Club should be able, far more efficiently than the Authors' Society, to lead in the creation of this spirit. Another advantage to literature will be that the work done by the Society—the diffusing of know- ledge; as to the cost of production—the meaning of royalties—the frauds practised by the fraudulent houses, &c, will become more accessible by means of a club whose members are all men of letters, and, therefore, interested in spreading abroad among their own class these facts and figures. It may be objected that the elder writers among us will not wish to join a new literary club. It is true that they have their own clubs, and that we cannot expect many of them to break up old habits and to change their circles, and to go into strange clubs among new people. Still, some of them, for the love of letters, will certainly join the club, and we must remember, as regards the rest, that the future belongs to the young. Only let the young men join us, and the future of the club is assured. ON ROYALTIES. LAST month we gave approximately the mean- ing of what is called tlie " Royalty System" in a series of tables, which readers will do well to study and to note carefully. A timely incident may show one of the dangers against which  ## p. 200 (#604) ############################################ 200 THE AUTHOR. au author should l>e on his guard in signing gureoments based u]>on this system. A.B. wrote a book, which lie took to a publisher. The latter offered the author an agreement granting a certain royalty on the published price, but inserted a clause stipulating that, should he sell the book at. less than half price, the royalty should be only a certain amount on the nett sales instead of the published price. This agreement was signed by the author, who supposed that the clause could only refer to remainder stock. Not at all. The publisher sold the bulk of the edition just under half price; but he gave the author no hint of his intention. What he gained on the royalties over what he. lost by lowering the price put something into his pocket on every volume. THE COST OF PRODUCTION. ANOTHER edition of this very useful little work is now ready. Those who possess the earlier editions will please note that since they were issued there has been a rise in compositors' wages, which, so far as London is concerned, will affect the item of composition, or setting-up, and press work, or machining, to the extent of about i5 per cent. It has not, we are assured, touched prices in Edinburgh. Those who consult the book should also bear in mind that our estimates are very liberal, so as to be on the safe side. A printer's bill is a very elastic thing, one that may be shortened as well as lengthened, in a most surprising manner. Eor in- stance, a certain piece of work required for the Authors' Syndicate, which began by costing 36*. a week, 1ms now gone down to ids., without the least alteration in length. And the other day the account of a book was sent in which showed the cost of production considerably less than the estimate in the Society's book. Nor is this the only occasion in which we have found the figures supplied to us to have been liberal ones. INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT. I. CERTAIN French writers and composers have formed the " Societe Civile du Copyright," and have appointed Edward Brandus, publisher, of New York, their agent. The French Copyright Company has been incorporated with a capital of ?5o,ooo, with headquarters at No. 26, Rue Caumartin, in Paris, and an office in New York, at 3o, Broad Street. The object is to protect the property of French authors and composers in the United States. To a Tribune reporter, who asked him whether he had any individual contracts with well-known authors, Mr. Brandus replied: "Few great authors arc willing to bind themselves to publish their books in any- particular way or place. However, our Society has met the approval of Frenchmen, and we shall publish many works of many famous authors." He also expressed the opinion that the Society will be as beneficial to American authors as to French. II. With regard to the difficulty of retaining copyright in America for a story that is being published serially in England, it appears to me that the difficulty might be got over somewhat in the way the right in plays was retainer], by producing to a few friends. Produce the book in America simultaneously with the first instalment being issued in England; but produce also in England, say, eight copies of the book at a prohibitive price—five for the libraries, the rest for those who like buying scarce articles; this would be publication simultaneously of the whole book, here and in America, but not a publication that would injure the run in the serial. Perhaps opinions upon this suggestion may be obtained. James Baker. THE STUDY OF ENGLISH. PROFESSOR Skeat's paper on the Educational Value of English, published in the Educational Review of November, is a claim for our own language and our own literature as instruments of the higher education. It is the first chapter onlv. He shows that the true value of our language was actually left to foreigners to discover. The first Anglo-Saxon grammar of any scientific value was written by a Dane. The only grammars of the, English language, of any importance are written by Germans. The best treatise on English metre is written by a German. The best account of Early English Literature is by a Dutch- man, and the best book on Shakespeare is by a German. Again, there are no periodicals in Germany—in this country there are none—devoted to the study of English Literature. "With a certain few exceptions of well-known names,"  ## p. 201 (#605) ############################################ THE AUTHOR. 2Q\ writes Professor Skeat, "the editor of either of tliese periodicals would not accept a contribution sent him by a correspondent from England, lest he should find that, when the article appeared in print, it would prove the incompetency of the author, and his own mismanagement." This affords a safe measure of the reputation which English scholar- ship enjoys abroad. TEMPORA (ET FEMIN5J) MUTANTTJR. "Jocund his muse was, but his life was chaste." (Herkick.) I. Old Herrick's dead and gone, Yet no hoary granite stone Remains the Poet's resting-place to tell— But the vicars ever since Have been trying to convince The world each caught his mantle as it fell! II. Thus you see a silly fellow Who cannot pluck a yellow Buttercup, without apostrophizing odes; While my laughter-loving lasses I must view with other glasses Than those prescribed by Education Codes. III. I suppose the air of Devon Lends a soft poetic leaven To those who court it's enervating breeze; For though old Herrick rated Dean Prior, which he hated, He worked away at his Hesperides! IV. His Julia is dead, Anthea too has fled To the land from whence no travellers return, But his Daffodills shine bright And his Glow-worms lend their light, And there roars upon the rocks his rugged bourn. V. Yes! The mosses ami the flowers, Fed by everlasting showers, Luxuriate on venerable banks; But, alas! in vain you seek For the cherry lip and cheek That can coax a very anchorite to pranks! VOL. II. VI. No! The beauties of the parish Are not the sort to ravish Your eyes, or pay for intimate inspection; I could never care a stiver For a lass with too much liver Or a tallowy and sallowy complexion! VII. Oh! Herrick ! could you rise, You would view with sad surprise A cuticle of parchment or of paste; And would own that at the most 'Twould be now a sorry boast That while your muse was jocund you were chaste. Dean Prior Vicarage, Buckfastleigh. ♦■»■♦ AN ARABIAN NIQHT. (From the American Author.) OvCHEHEKAZADE had just begun her thou- sand-and-second narration. The Sultan Schahriah held up his hand in impatient weariness, and she stopped. "Is this the same old thing?" he demanded. "Genii, disguised califs, enchanted palaces, roc's eggs, magic lamps, and all that?" "It must be so, your Serene Placidity," the trembling romancer replied. "Naught else is there wonderful enough to frame a tale for ears like thine." "Then out you go!" The sultan gave a wrathful signal. Slaves seized the hapless girl and dragged her, shrieking, toward the place where the bowstrings were kept. She broke from them and threw herself at the sultan's feet. "I have thought of another one!" she cried. "This is a new one!" "If it be both new and good, well. We desire originality, but we desire imagination also. The new tale must be more wonderful than any you have submitted to us these thousand-and-one nights past." "It is much more wonderful." "Then we will consider it. There are also other requirements. Don't ask us what they are. If you are left alive, you may know that you have satisfied them. If you are slain, you may know that you have failed. Proceed. If your new story is just the thing we want, we may accept it. Wo can soou tell. So can you!" O  ## p. 202 (#606) ############################################ 2QZ THE AUTHOR. Thus encouraged, poor Scheherazade began for the second time her thousand-and-second narration. "In the time of my youth wealth was my slave, and luxury was the air I breathed. A wish un- gratified was a thing I could not imagine. Another tiling I could not imagine was the need for any sort of effort. As for work, it simply did not exist within my knowledge." "Pretty good invention !" muttered the sultan. "Rather too good, since we remember what hard scratching your father's family had to do to get along!" "One terrible day," Scheherazade continued, "all this happiness became a memory. A sudden tempest of misfortune uprooted the beautiful tree of prosperity; and where its roots had been was now only the deep, black hole of poverty. In the depths of that hole I was engulfed. I was left alone, without help. I, who had never learned what exertion meant, must now work if I would keep alive, even at the bottom of the dismal hole." "You said something about this being a new storv," Schahriah suggested grimly. "If it is, you had better get to the new part right away!" "Patience, O Most Serene! It was all terribly new to me! But I conie now at once to the blissfully thrilling part. By one timely and supreme effort I got out of the hole 1 was in, and renewed the atmosphere of luxury I had l>een wont to breathe. Pens, ink, and paper had been saved from the wreck of our fortune. They were the instru- ments of my deliverance. Without an instant of delay I began to write for the magazines!" The sultan uttered a howl. The slaves sprang forward to seize once more the unhappy fabricator. Their master motioned them to stand back. He could endure yet a little more. "The magazines, eh? That may account for the lack of flesh on your bones when you came to live at the palace," he remarked to Scheherazade. "But goon. Tell us how you managed it. In that, must lie tin; new and wonderful part of your story—if it have any such part!" "It managed itself, O Most Credulous One ! I but went forth among the makers of magazines and told them my wish. Some of them prayed me, in tones of melting kindness, to show them what I had written. No word, as yet, had ever been written by me; for I knew not how to write. Then thesB gentle-hearted men knelt before me and begged that I would straightway begin. I granted their prayer. The first thing I wrote for them they published and paid for,—and never thereafter did I write a line that was not published and paid for. I wrote much, and forgot poverty. That is the tale, O Most Gullible!" The sultan reflected in silence for a little time. "It has been told many times before," he said at last. "We have seen it on the printed page. Foolish men and women seem to love the telling of it. Therefore, it is not new. It is sufficiently marvellous to make up for that, however. It is more wonderful than ' The Slave of the Lain]),' and that is a recommendation. In all the thousand and one nights you have told us nothing so in- credible. So, only for one thing, your story might be accepted. Among the requirements we did not mention is truth. Truth we must have. Now, we could believe in 'The Valley of Diamonds'; but who could believe this latter tale? Therefore" He gave once more the signal to the slaves; and thev did what was expected of them. James C. Pi*udt. Moorestown, N. J. TO A YOUNG VIOLINIST. At her Debut, New York, Oct. 18, 1S91. Fair sister of the Muses! 'tis the hour Dearest of all, when thou dost wed thy Art. No bride more radiant a more single heart Gave to her chosen—and what noble dower! Graces akin to forest and to flower; A spirit blithe as dawn; a soul astart; A nature rich, to keep thee what thou art — A star of beauty and a flame of power. Now, while the tranced throng turn each to each Sharing their joy, think'st thou on those young years When many a day and night was unbeguiled Save by this love that lightened toil and tears? Thy music melts upon the verge of speech— Fame crowns the artist, I, the constant child. R. U. Johnson. (New York Critic.) THE GROWTH OF LITERATURE IN NEW ZEALAND. By Mrs. James Soisted, Cor. Mem. R.G.S. (Australasia). THE practical " nation making" work in which New Zealand colonists are engaged, leaves the majority, at least, scant leisure for intellectual pursuits.  ## p. 203 (#607) ############################################ THE AUTHOR. It is therefore a good augury for the literary future of this beautiful country that amid the absorbing demand upon their energies the belles letties are not wholly neglected. It would be impossible within the compass of this short article to do more than briefly glance at the intellectual history of New Zealand. It will, however, be readily granted by my readers that the national literature of any country must necessarily be greatly influenced, not only by the character of the natives, but also by the nature of the country itself. Moreover, every country should have its distinc- tive character faithfully expressed in a literature which is a reflex of the land in which it had its birth. Further, nothing can better show the growth of a nation than its progress in literature. Nor does it necessarily follow that because such literature bears a local colouring, the writers are either narrow or insular. There were many and exceptional causes which led not only to political, but also to literary activity, from the very earliest inception of settlement in this colony. For, in addition to the ordinary political struggles—and they were many and bitter—there was the dealings with a warlike native population whose numbers have been variously estimated; but it is certain that in the North Island there must have been over 70,(XK) people when the settlers first arrived. It was a meeting of races, one, well trained in civilisation, guided by their own moral code, the other with quite a different rule of life. A stubborn conflict of races seemed inevitable, albeit, the natural fierceness of the Maori tribes was not infrequently tempered with an admirable fidelity and generosity not often surpassed. These early struggles, extending, as they did, ovar many years, combined witli causes to be presently touched upon, gave the lirst impetus to literary culture, as they led to debates, to pamphlets, to memorials, and to a sharpening and an educating that had a good mental effect on the colonists generally. One great advantage that cannot well be over- estimated was due to the fact that among the very earliest bands of settlers in New Zealand might be found many men of high standing and culture, who brought with them to the scene of their labours elevated views of colonial life, and exidted ideals, up to which they endeavoured to live in the new existence; with its peculiar environment, and in so doing they largely in- fluenced the lives of all around them. Greed of gain formed no part of the plan of life mapped out for themselves by such men as Fitzgerald, Clifford, Weld, Domett, Swanson, Godley, Pollen, Cargill, Maeandrcw, Burns, Gillies, Martin, Wakefield, Fit/.herbert, Richmond,Fox, Featherston,Whitaker, Sinclair, &c. These anil many others were men of whom any nation under the sun might well be proud. They were actuated by the highest motives and aimed at founding, not merely "a bit of England" in the midst of a Polynesian population, but a grand nation that would in time to come develop and ultimately become the veritable " Britain of the South." That newspapers are no mean factors in literary culture is an established fact, and in ably con- ducted journals New Zealand stands pre-eminent. As early as August 1839, there appeared the first number of the New Zealand Gazette, while at the present time no fewer than i3o newspapers are published in this country. Sir Julius Vogel, to whose ability and energy the colony is so largely indebted, is the acknowledged father of the daily press of New Zealand. The leading dailies and weeklies issued now in the chief cities, namely, Wellington, Auckland, Dunedin, ami (Jhristchurch, will bear favourable comparison with similar publications in the large English towns. Once a year the large weekly journals open their columns to locally written novelettes, but beyond such limited opportunity, New Zealand authors receive but scant encouragement in their own country. This is probably due in some measure to the smallness of the population, the immense quantity of books imported, anil also to the fact that articles and stories are copied from English magazines by the newspapers, who pay nothing for the privilege of doing so. Still, new aspirants for literary fame are constantly appearing in the field, and latent talent is being developed which cannot fail in causing our literature to rank higher year by year. Already some of our novelists are well known in the world of letters. Sir Julius Vogel, Fergus Hume, B. L. Farjeon, W. Watson, and Vincent Pyke, are amongst those who are leading the way in fiction. In poetry we can point with pride to such sweet singers as Bracken, Bathgate, Domett, and Mrs. J. G. Wilson, all of whom have, and are, helping to originate a national literature. It is, indeed, chiefly to the early poets of a new country, with their warm sympathy, their tuneful eloquence, and fervid imagination, that we look, not only for the lirst vivid description of scenery, new flowers, trees, birds, and animals, with their varied habits and peculiarities, but also for the strange and hitherto unrecorded manners, customs and legends of a newly-discovered race of men. Science has by no means been neglected, as New Zealand is fortunate in possessing many admirable naturalists, including botanists, zoologists, and geologists, whose labours have produced most excellent results; notably the zoological researches O 2  ## p. 204 (#608) ############################################ 204 THE AUTHOR. of Sir James Hector. Since the founding of the "New Zealand Institute" in 1869, with its annual volume of proceedings and transactions, science has become thoroughly systematised, and a marked advance has been made in the various branches. And, I think, without undue .exultation, we may congratulate ourselves on having outstripped the other Colonies in the race for scientific honours. Even Canada, with all the resources at her command, has produced nothing at all comparable with the "Transactions of the New Zealand Institute," or Sir Walter Buller's magnificent ornithological works. Although born and reared in New Zealand, long study among the museums of Europe, and acquaint- ance with the literature of the subject on which he writes, renders Sir Walter Buller absolutely the first authority in the world on the New Zealand avifauna, and his "History of the Birds of New Zealand" is a book to be coveted, not only by savants, but by all lovers of natural history. The author was elected Fellow of the Royal Society, and Her Majesty conferred upon him an imperial distinction, in recognition of the great value of his work to science. A melancholy interest, indeed, attaches to the avifauna of this wonderful country, where so many of the beautiful indigenous birds are either extinct or on the verge of extinction. Apropos of this, I may mention that on a recent occasion when the Earl and Countess of Onslow paid a visit to the Ngatihuia tribes at Otaki, for the purpose of presenting to the chiefs the Governor's infant sou, a godson of Her Majesty the Queen, who had been named Huia, in compliment to the Maori people. Allusion was made there to the rapid disappearance of the sacred huia bird. During the unique and most interesting ceremonial, of which I would fain have given a full description did space permit, throughout which Sir Walter Buller acted as interpreter, and after the child had been duly presented to the chiefs, who cast rare and beautiful presents before him; the women meanwhile chanting a soft and plaintive lullaby. The young hereditary chief, Tamihana TeHuia, concluded an eloquent and stirring speech in the following characteristic manner. Pointing with outstretched arm in the direction of a magnificent mountain range that could be clearly seen from the tribal meeting-house where the reception was being held, he exclaimed :— "There yonder is the snow-clad Ruahine range, the home of our favourite bird. We ask you, O Governor to restrain the Pakehas—white men— from shooting it, that when your boy grows up he may see the beautiful bird which bears his name. We thank you and Lady Onslow again for this proof of your regard for the Maori people, and of your earnest desire to promote theirswelfare. You have heard the words of the tribe. There is nothing more to say." But to return. The powerful personality of such a man as Sir George Grey has unquestionably exercised an incalculable influence in the moulding of literarv taste and culture in a land throughout whoso history he has played such a prominent and important part. A scholar himself, he has done more to encourage and foster colonial talent than any other man in the country. Painters, as well as poets, scientists, and novelists, are producing good work, and pictures from the studios of such clever artists an Mrs. Gilbert Mair, Miss White, John Gully, Barriuid, and others, are gradually attracting attention outside the colonies. Art societies flourish in all our principal towns, and in the four chief cities art galleries have been established. Public libraries are to be found everywhere, booksellers abound, magazine literature is more than ever plentiful, and local tales and poems art' beginning to be more sought after than heretofore. The educationarv system prevailing hen; aims at a high standard of excellence. The schools both primary and secondary, are thoroughly well oquip|>ed and taught, and a sound university training is now open to the young colonial. In 1889, there were no fewer than 496 matricu- lated students in New Zealand. Thus it will be * seen that the aim of the colony is to give in literarv culture all that even England could bestow. Anil all these agencies must have their effect in the years to come. One thing at least is certain, namely, that future generations, who may people these lovely islands, will have no cause for com- plaint that the dominions of their inheritance lacked any of the advantages which tend to pro- mote the growth of national development, through the intellectual dormancy or supineness of the earlier colonists. AVhatevcr may Ik; the ultimate destiny of these fair daughters of the parent State, the records of their infancy will ever remain as mementoes of the capability, industry, and eminence of a large number of early settlers in nearly every department in the wide empires of knowledge. Even at the present da}', New Zealand possesses a literature which has rendered its magnificent resources tolerably familiar to the educated world. I am aware that some English cities are of opinion that colonial authors introduce too much Maori into their work, thereby making it too New- Zealandish for the taste of English readers. But surely a characteristic nationalism is much to be desired, especially here, where the time has been too short to develop any historical associations, and far less racial peculiarities. Moreover, it is only by the use of local colouring that anything like a  ## p. 205 (#609) ############################################ THE AUTHOR. national flavour can ever be imparted to colonial writing. That our writers exhibit no desire to become slavish imitators of the old models is, I am inclined to believe, a healthy and hopeful sign of the growth of a true colonial literature, which, being indigenous and the product of colonial ability and culture, cannot fail to have a peculiar attraction. But better, far letter it. should be said of the reading public of New Zealand, that they exercise a sobriety of judgment and correctness of tjiste which prevent their being satisfied with anything which is not really good, rather than that they encourage productions of inferior merit for the sake of boast- ing of the increasing literature of the country. New Zealand is, indeed, rich in all that is capable of affording inspiration, both in poetry and fiction. A land of mountains, torrents, geysers, rivers, plains, sea-girt, and with a thousand harbours, will assuredly nurture authors and poets, just as certainly as it will sailors. Let us hope then, that our literary pioneers may be as successful in founding a national literature as have been the pioneers in politics, in government, and in all the institutions that go to ennoble a race. There can be little doubt that despite drawbacks of many kinds experienced in the past, the future greatness of New Zealand in literature, as in other enter- prises, is well assured, based as it is upon a solid foundation of steady progress. [I have to acknowledge my indebtedness to the' kindness of my friend, Sir Robert Stout, for much valuable information contained in the above article.—L. I. S.] NOTES AND NEWS. IFIND it necessary (sec p. 216) to remind certain readers of the Author that the an- nouncement on the front page—" For the opinions expressed in papers that are signed the authors alone are responsible "—means what it says. Especially does it apply to the columns which are signed by my name. The lamentable death of Lord Lytton deprives this Society of one of its strongest and most dis- tinguished supporters. Lord Lytton became a Vice-President of the Society on its first foun- dation. He presided at our first public meeting, at Willis's Booms: he never failed to express on every possible occasion the greatest interest in the welfareand prospects of our Association, and he was one of the few who really understood the possibilities which lie before us, to be realized if we only know how to make use of our power and our opportunities. It, is not necessary that, at such a time, we should speak critically of his contributions to literature. That he possessed the highest love and respect for literature in all its branches is well known to all. All his poems were written in the intervals of diplomatic work. They arc, at least, remarkable for delicacy of expression and for refinement. No man ever filled more important posts or was known to a larger circle of ac- quaintances. Attache and Secretary of Embassy at Florence, the Hague, St. Petersburg, Constanti- nople, Vienna, Copenhagen, Athens, Lisbon, and Madrid, Viceroy of India and Ambassador to France, his life was spent in Courts. Yet he always found time for the cultivation of letters. His kindness of heart, his admirable social qualities, his urbanity, a ready wit which was never spiteful, gathered round him an immense circle of private friends. He died writing verses, the ink not yet dry on the page, when lift; was extinct. We have also lost, in the Bishop of Carlisle, another member of distinction. He, too, was one who entirely approved of the objects of the Society, and, so far as can be known, of its methods. During a recent controversy with a certain society, touching very closely the honour of the Episcopal Pencil who are its vice-presidents, he wrote in kindness and sympathy. What active steps he took in the society itself I do not know. I ventured to call attention in the October Author to the reckless way in which people who write letters to the papers garble or invent their quotations. In the Times, for instance, half the letters every day are taken up with denying alleged statements, or protesting against inferences drawn from garbled ([notations. Let me give an illustra- tion instructive of the rapid growth of false inference from garbled quotation. It happened the other day. I mentioned in a certain paper— apropos of Milton's cottage at Chalfont St. Giles —the fact that very few visitors ever go to see the cottage. This fact is proved by the visitors' book, which everyone signs on payment of (sd. I then asked whether Milton could be forgotten, and advanced two other innocent little opinions— which I fondly thought as much beyond question as an axiom in Euclid. They were—(1) that very few people read Milton through more than once in their lives; and (2) that certain poems, and certain portions of poems, would always continue household words.  ## p. 206 (#610) ############################################ 2o6 THE AUTHOR. This little innocent passage was quoted by an evening paper. Then the fun began. First a learned Q.C. wrote an indignant and scornful letter, arguing that a man who had said such things was an ignorant creature who had never even heard of "L'Allegro," &c. Setting this person right, I again pointed out that very few people go to visit the cottage, and added, a.s an encouragement to visitors, that there is a village inn where people can get lunch or whatever they want. Then the Q.C. appeared again—after bim other correspondents. The indignation of all was virtuous, unanimous, heartfelt, wonderful. They all started with a good bold assumption. "This man says that Milton is forgotten." The man, observe, had said nothing of the kind. One of them, a lady, filled—inflated with holy wrath—invented a new charge. "Here is a man," she said, "who actually consults public-houses us to the vitality of Milton!" No one can stand such an outrage as that; so this lady, feeling that she really did well to be angry, poured all the contents of the pepper-and- spitebox into her letter. Another writer adopted the sarcastic vein—everybody knows the sarcastic letter- writer—and would like to ask, &c, &c. Of course he neglected to say where the assumed statement had been made. Then came along the solemn man, who is never wanting on these occasions. He was constrained to thank Heaven that this state- ment was not allowed to pass without contradiction. He, too, neglected to say where he found the statement. Then librarians wrote to contradict "this statement"—neglecting to say where they found it—on the ground that many readers ask for Milton. And others wrote to contradict the statement—but did not say where they found it— on the ground that new editions of Milton are constantly issued. Not a single person ever re- ferred to the real original statement that very few people read Milton through more than once in their lives. Wen; they blind or malignant? Neither. They were simply following the trick of the day to accept whatever they read in the paper without examination or question. Two more things happened in this wonderful correspondence. In answering the Q.C, I had observed, with the mildest possible sarcasm, that this kind of reasoning belonged, I supposed, to the legal mind. The Q.C. cried out to the world that here was a man insulting the whole legal profession. Lastly, there appeared a leading article in the same evening paper, in which the writer concluded by rebuking me for making inquiries of public- houses instead of publishers! So that it comes to this. I stand convicted on three charges. I have stated that John Milton is forgotten; I have insulted the whole, legal profession; I am proved to be in the habit of consulting public-houses on literary matters. It only remains now to repeat the words which caused the indignation :— 1. Very few people visit Chalfont St. Giles to see Milton's cottage. 2. Very few people read Milton through more than once. 3. Certain of his poems are known by heart to all people who read at all. But if these ladies and gentlemen had only been so very good as to read what I did say before they commented on it! I have received a bundle of the American papers called the Author and the Writer. With these papers we may, I hope, borrow and lend, and so be mutually helpful. One thing to be observed about them is that they are eminently practical. There is none of the pretence about art for art's sake, which some of us are always advancing. Literature is frankly approached as a profession— a thing which some among us, especially the disinterested persons who conduct the affairs of authors, oppose most vehemently. These Americans discuss their magazines, their circulation, and their tariff. with wonderful frankness; they write about points of practical working; in the matter of fiction they consider endings, openings, the conduct of dialogue—all those things which we are generally taught to believe instinctive! and due to nature's promptings, just as nature teaches one baby to play the violin; and another to compose a sonata in the cradle. The Americans, in fact, show in these journals that they are eminently a practical people. They mean to study the art of fiction, anil to make a profession of it, as our people have never yet thought of doing. What will lie the consequence? A general raising of the level; a vast improvement in the technique; so much, cer- tainly. Not the production of the greatest work any more than at present. Great men do not appear with every generation. The standard, however, of literary excellence may be raised very much higher. And if our writers do not, in like manner, consider and study the art as an art, so much the worse for them. In a recent libel case, tried at the High Court of Justice, when a singer sued for damages on the ground of a so-called libellous criticism, it was  ## p. 207 (#611) ############################################ THE AUTHOR. argued by counsel for defendants that when criti- cism is invited, the subject 1ms no right to coin- plain of hostile judgment. This seems very reasonable. At the theatre scats are given to the critics; at concerts seats arc reserved for the critics; at the offices of newspapers hooks arc presented to the critics. These gentlemen may very fairly say, "You ask me to tell the world what I think of your book, your plav, your music, your singing. Well, I think you are incapable of singing or writing or doing anything at all worth hearing. You had better go into obscurity, and stay there." The per- former lias brought it upon himself ; he ought not to complain. He has asked for an honest opinion, and he has got it. Most probably had he not invited the critic to witness and judge his performance, that critic would not have seen, heard, or read it. On the other hand, it may fairly be contended as a general principle, and without reference to any case, that there should be observed a certain polite- ness. In criticism, as in society, one should remain a gentleman, courteous in word and manner. A gentleman should be ashamed to jump upon the writer of a harmless book only because it is ii weak book; nor should he shriek and swear over that book; nor should he call the writer names. In fact, the old fashioned blood and bludgeon style of abuse, invective, and contempt is brutal. Where it still lingers, which is in very few quarters, it is brutal still. When one has to light, the rapier, and not the club, is the weapon of a gentleman. Some critics, it is true, have never learned to use the rapier. That is another way of saying that they have not received the education of a gentleman. In any case, there is another way open to an author. If he does not like the criticisms of a paper he has only to refuse a press copy of his book to that paper. If it then reviews him, another question arises, namely, what is permitted by the law. Any man may criticise within limits the work of any other man, but not to the injury of his credit or his means of liveli- hood. And this whether a man be a fishmonger— in which case we may not say that he habitually sells stinking fish—or an author, in which case we may not say, unless we are prepared to plead justification, that his books are pernicious, immoral, ignorant, stolen, or anything else which may interfere with his livelihood. If an editor a fortnight, ago had wanted a paper on the Political Function of Imagination, to whom would he have applied for that paper? It is not an easy subject. Of course there are tliousands of able pens ready to write on any subject, difficult or not. But, as the children say, "seriously," whom would he ask? He might ask Mr, John Morley or Mr. Leslie Stephen—he would have an excellent paper from either. He might ask any of twei.ty novelists anil poets; he would get a pleasant paptr, easy to read, but not greatly advancing the subjei t. The last person in the world of whom he would have thought is the one person who has actually done it better, I believe than any other person in the world could have done it. Mr. Goschcn, tl e man of the city—the financier—has beaten tl e literary craftsman in his own craft. Hardly any better essav has ever been written than Mr. Gosehen's discourse on Imagination. The other great essay, that by Mr. Arthur Balfour on Progress, is^ the work of a craftsman, one of the Company of Authors. Books for boys! Do any of us realise the immense annual output of books for bovs—the enormous mass of literature which exists for the sole and exclusive use of bays? The other (lav, among a lot of boys, the question rose as to their favourite author. There was but one opinion. It was led off by the one who spoke first. He lifted his head, and remarked briefly, "Henty for me." That was the opinion of all—"Henty for me." Of course, Marrvatt will never lose his followers among boys; nor Walter Scott; while there are writers like Kingston, Collingwood, George Manville Fenn, and others—good men and true. But "Henty for me." There is a list before me, showing thirty-three stories for boys, all written by this wonderful story teller. A boy who has read the whole of Henty has read a great part of the world's history. In fact, he is the schoolboy's historian. The school histories only teach him dates and lay figures. His home historians put life into the figures and meaning into the dates. It is now live years ago, I think, that the current number of Lonymaiis Magazine was glorified by the appearance of the most beautiful paper ever written by Richard Jefferies—a paper into which he poured his whole soul, all his knowledge, all his love for nature—a paper which shall always stand for the man, because an author must always be judged by his best work. This paper, as everyone remembers, was called " The Pageant of Summer." The present (December) number of the magazine contains another paper recently found by his widow, called "The Coining of Summer." It is like a first draft of the "Pageant," a study, a series of sketches, which the writer was afterwards to endow with breath and vision and a soul. Most curious ami most, interesting compared with that other article. Bead without reference to the " Pageant,"  ## p. 208 (#612) ############################################ 2o8 THE AUTHOR. it is ii paper full of knowledge, written in the earlier style of the " Gamekeeper at Home." When Jefferies died, a reviewer in the Athenecum remarked that in a few years there would be no more recollection of Jefferies and no more documents connected with the name. At the present moment his books are going up every day higher and higher in value; new editions are being issued—a new edition of "The Dewy Morn" is out this day—and people are discussing, in . the papers, the facts of his life; as, for instance, whether he died a Christian, or whether his faculties were so weak at the close that it mattered nothing what he. said. There is every sign, as his friends believe, of such immortality for Jefferies as belongs to White of Selborne. Some time ago we announced in these columns, for the information of those who l>elong to the company of readers of Jefferies, that a bust of him was to be executed and placed in Salisbury Cathedral. The bust is now ready. The Hon. Treasurer, Mr. A. W. Kinglake, Haines Hill, Taunton, says that he still wants about £5o, to complete the payment for it. Will this company of readers wipe off this debt, if only as a mark of the love they bear the author? The same number of Longman contains a short story—the "History of a Failure "—which every- body must read. Perhaps it will make some of the readers angry; it will certainly make all of them laugh and cry. In the Sign of the Ship Mr. Andrew Lang has a few words on the subject of titles. He says that they are exploded—matters of old custom—that nobody of an)' sense wants to be made a peer or pines for the Garter; that he himself does not want a title; that " Sir Charles Dickens " would be ridicu- lous; that every author who did not get a title would be jealous of everyone who did, and that he would rather be commended bv the bookstall bov. I hope 1 have put his case fairly—But—but is it so true that nobody of sense—nobody of sense— pines for a peerage or the Garter? Is it so true that nobody wants a title? And is there anything in the jealousy argument that docs not apply to every other profession? Yet it is never urged that titles must not be given to lawyers and soldiers because other lawyers and soldiers would be jealous. However, my point, which I repeat, is this. The nation has only one way of recognizing distinction and good service. It is by the bestowal of a title. The man so decorated is not thereby made any greater; it is the nation which makes itself greater by- showing that it recognizes bis worth. This is, I believe, the theory of rank and titles. If it is the true theory, I want to know why men of letters are jealously excluded from such recognition: Brown- ing, Charles Dickens, Thackeray, and George Eliot would have been no greater, but it would have Wen better for the country had those great writers received the highest honours the nation can bestow. For, you see, it would be a very great thing if the people generally could be taught to honour science, art, and literature. It would be better for the national character; better for those who follow science, art, and literature. But the country at large only honours those professions or callings whose followers are honoured bv the Sovereign or by the State. They accept the rule of usage. Men of letters are not honoured, ordinary people think, because they follow a pursuit which is not worthy of honour. Waltek Besant. ■ THE HYGIENE OF THE LITERARY LIFE. TWO papers are published in Boston, both intended, like our own, for the literary class. Thev do not profess to be reviews, they are meant to be professionally useful. One of these, the Writer, appears to be designed especially as a practical help to aspirants; the other, called the Author, addresses itself to those already engaged in the work of writing. The present year is their third of existence. Apart from the personal columns, which are too full of details for a literary paper of this country, the Author contains a good deal that may be of great use to its readers. Thus, an article on hygiene reminds writers that bodily exercise is absolutely necessary for the continued production of good work, an elementary reminder, which, like the Decalogue, cannot be too often repeated, or too strongly insisted upon. A "one or two mile walk," says our American friend. Translated into English read a six or eight mile walk for men, and half as much for women. He recommends in the matter of diet a light breakfast, nothing at noon, and the evening meal when the work is done. But can any person go on from nine in the morning till seven in the evening working on a light breakfast? Wine and tobacco this hygienist prohibits absolutely, a rule with which we disagree absolutely. Of sleep, take, he says, eight hours a day. Evervone must find (ait for Jlimself what sleep he wants. Nine hours a day  ## p. 209 (#613) ############################################ THE A UTHOR. 209 seems not too much for the average brain worker, whether he l>e a man of science or of literature. Kxercise in plenty, especially after breakfast. That seems the first ami most important rule for the literary life. Richard Jefferies, for instance, walked in all weathers, without great coat or umbrella, for an hour and a half every morning after breakfast, and every afternoon from three to half-past four. The next important rule is to study diet. There seems nothing gained, but epiite the reverse, by too great abstinence. It is certain that the brain of a worker must be well nourished, and, therefore, the. body. Also—a doctrine to be advanced with hesi- tation—it seems to the present writer that a dull uniformity of living, whether in respect to exercise, sleep, hours of work, society, or diet, is a great enemy of good work, and that the imagination is stimulated by variety. A feast is good for all kinds of men occasionally; a gathering where the guests are joyous and careless, and the "best work possible" is forgotten for the time. He, indeed, who is always thinking of producing the "best work possible," will certainly end in producing the Prig's work, which is the worst work possible. Another simple suggestion. The present writer finds that occasional—and frequent—changes of scene tend to strengthen the excision of the imagina- tion. He goes away as often as he can ; takes a night out; visits country places; and makes notes of what he sees and hears. When he gets back his work becomes brighter, the handling firmer, the colouring more delicate. The writer of the American article recommends oild forms of exercise—Indian clubs, dumb bells, and '• lung gymnastics "—which is the filling of the lungs with pure air and then expelling it; the "Delsarte movement," and so on. They are, doubtless, very good, but not so good as walking or rifling. He also instances the late William Cullen Bryant, who "was in the habit of taking exercise by bending backward over a wooden chair two or three times in succession, and performing sundry other feats with the same instrument every morning." The poet in his study doing gymnastics with a wooden chair would make a pleasing illustration to his works. Lastly, the literary worker must certainly agree with this American writer when he lays it down as a principle that the literary worker needs a long life. Yes—yes—oh! yes, that is what we espe- cially need; and it would be comforting to think, as he thinks, if we could think it, that the greatest and best work comes to a man late in life. But we cannot, unhappily, think this. The pear becomes ripe; then the |>ear becomes rotten. Let Us, by taking exercise and not working too hard, defer the day of |)erfect ripeness as long as we can, »■»■» "THE ARROWMAEER."* Day in, day out, or sun or rain, Or sallow leaf, or summer grain, Beneath a wintry morning moon Or through red smouldering afternoon, With simple joy, with careful pride, He plies the craft he long has plied: To shape the stave, to set the sting, To fit the shaft with irised wing; And farers by may hear him sing, For still his door is wide: "Laugh and sigh, live and die,— The world swings round; I know not, I, If north or south mine arrows fly!" And sometimes, while he works, he dreams, And on his soul a vision gleams: Some storied field fought long ago, Where arrows fell as thick as snow. His breath comes fast, his eyes grow bright, To think upon that ancient fight. Oh, leaping from the strained string Against an armored Wrong to ring, Brave the song that arrows sing! He weighs the finished fight: "Live and die; by and by The sun kills dark; I know not, I, In what good fight my arrows fly!" Or at the gray hour, weary grown, When curfew o'er the wold is blown, He sees, as in a magic glass, Some lost and lonely mountain-jwiss; And lo! a sign of deathful rout The mocking vine has wound about,— An earth-fixed arrow by n spring, All greenly mossed, a mouldered thing; That stifled shaft no more shall sing! He shakes his head in doubt. "Laugh and sign; live, and die,— The hand is blind: I know not, I, In what lost pass mine arrows lie! One to east, one to west, Another for the eagle's breast,— The archer and the wind know best!" The stars are in the sky; He lavs his arrows by. Helen Gray Conk. * The Ride to the Lady, and other poems. Hy Helen Oniy Cone. £i. Honphton, Mifflin, and Co.  ## p. 210 (#614) ############################################ 2 lO THE AUTHOR. I SPIRITI DEI PONTI. THE SPIRITS OP BRIDGES. "I stood upon a bridge and heard The water rushing by, And as I thought to every word The water made reply." I spoke ono day in Florence to a witch, asking her if such a being as The Spirit of the Water was known to her. And this was the answer: "Yes—there is a spirit of the water, as there is of fire, and everything else. That is to say, molti- moltissimi—as many of them as there are men and women. You don't see them, or only now and then, but you can make them to be seen." How? "Oh, easily enough, if you let them know what you want, for they are affectionate to those who care for them. But they are capricious and appear in many delusive forms. "And this is a good way to see them. You go of an evening, and look over a bridge, or in the daytime in the woods at a smooth stream or dark water—chc sia sempre un poco oscttro—and pro- nounce the incantation, and throw a handful or a few drops of its water into the water itself. And then you must look long and patiently; sometimes for several days; when, poco d poco, you will see dim shapes passing by in the water, one or two, and then more and more, and if you are quiet, they will come in great numbers, and show you what you desire to know. But if you tell anyone what you have seen, they will never appear again, and it will be well for you should nothing worse happen. "There was a man, a young man, near Civitella, and he was in great need of money—like all of us—but his was dire and dreadful need. Kbbene— this young man had an uncle, who was believed to have left a great treasure buried somewhere, but no one knew the place. Now this nephew was a reserved, solitary youth; much by himself in lone places—old mines — in the woods — tin poco straghon—and he learned this secret of looking into streams or wells or lake.-, till at last, whenever, he pleased, he could see swarms of all kinds of figures sweeping along in the water. And one evening he saw a shape like that of his uncle who had died, and, in surprise, he called out ' Zio tnio!' Then the uncle stopped, and the youth said, 'Did'st thou but know how I suffer from poverty!' Then he saw in the water his home, and the wood near it, and the form of his uncle passed along the wood, anil so on to a lonely place till it came to a great stone, and on this it laid its hand, and looked at the young man, and so disappeared. The next day the young man went there, an<| under the stone found a great treasure. So he became rich—ami I hope the same to all of us!" This account of the shapes and shades who— "pass As in a inagie glass." made a great impression on me, and as the witch had said, "Looking day after day they will l>econie more clear," so I found that thinking day by day on this Bosicrucian-like fancy revealed to me the wondrous truth that one may dwell in the ineffable beauties anil mysteries of nature, among oaken or piney forests, and rushing lonely rivers in their shades, looking at wild flowers as at girl acquaint- ances, and at, rocks as dwelling places of thoughts, and at one's own thoughts as spirits (just as the Indians chronicled by Bekker believed that at our every heart-beat a spirit is born), until poetry becomes our own true, dearest life, and this real life an unreality. For the qualities of matter, and the beautiful are indeed immanent and eternal, but matter is only that wherein they act and display themselves. And this thought with me took tin- following form :— I looked into the deep river, I looked so still and long • Until I saw the Elfin shades Pass by in many a throng. They came and went like silent dreams, Forever moving on, As darkness tikes the starry beams, Un-noted till they're gone. I saw what oft I wished to see, Anil what I ne'er had seen; And what I oft had longed to be, And what I had not been. For lie who looks in the dark river, In the hour of the Klfin grey, Will wish that he might never go, Or else had staid away. And to him who looks in that river. This thing will eome to pass, He would not give for diamonds The dew-drops in the grass. He would not eall for silver bright The moon light in the leaves, Nor give for all the gold on earth The sun light on the sheaves. For all this world seems little worth, All earthly things unsound, 'I'o him who once has seen the dreams Which pass o'er Elfin ground. This seeing spirits from a bridge in the water recalls a very curious phenomena, which of every twelve or fourteen readers, one, at least, may realize with only a few days' practice, and all, perhaps, witli patience in time. This i* based on what is called  ## p. 211 (#615) ############################################ THE AUTHOR. 21 I pseudapia, volitional percept ion, or, as I term it, eve memory, and it has been thoroughly established by the experiments of many men of science, such as Francis Galton, Clarke, and others.(i) It amounts briefly to this, that by looking at images we can get them by heart or by eye, so that we can at will reproduce them to our vision. Thus, if we take, let us say, a few coloured pictures representing birds, or animals, or men, and look at them intently and then close the eyes, and repeat the process, and then put. In'fore us a mirror reflecting only a plain grey or black or any uniform surface, we can soon see the images exist, passing along if we will. This is simply a matter of perseverance and deter- mination with everybody, and in time it can be brought to great perfection. But there is a very marvellous phase of this voluntary perception which comes in time. This is when images which we have not learned by effort begin to come from the secret store-houses of the brain, and mingle in these mystic processions. Of this there are many curious instances recorded. For these latent thoughts come forth so that what is apparently marvellous becomes so in reality, recalling an old story told by Grosius or Prsetorius, of someone who would fain have a grand masque or procession of fair devils and quaint bonny goblins, in a certain magnificent feast. Against which a holy friar remonstrated as an exceeding wicked and profane thing, but to no avail, save that by his preaching he frightened more than half of those who were to have played the parts of demons, so that they stayed away. At which the lord who gave the feast was very angry. How- ever, when the procession came to [miss, there was no lack of actors in it—for not only were there twice as many as had been at first engaged, but still new ones kept coming after them, and ever more and more, and these all so wilil and strange, some horrible, some lovely, that mortal man never dreamed the like. There wen? Venus, her nymphs, and satyrs, red, green, blue, and violet imps, devils of all horrors, giants of every coarseness, fairies, like, wines, of every fineness, howling savages, goblins, night-mares, camias, lennires, empusai, trees as men walking, yea, all the fancies of Jerome Basch and Hollenbreiighel in the original casks. But when at last they swarmed along by thousands, us Dutch spuyten fcln, spitting tire and flames, and appearing in naught, but ghastly insupportable terror, the people began to ga,sp and croak for fear. And what would come of it all, I know not, but just then the priest who had forbidden the procession thundered out a terrible exorcism—and the whole diabolical spuk vanished into air. (1) For a full account of the subject, vide my work on Practical Education, London, Whittaker aud Co. 1886. The reader need not fear that the forms which will come by practising with pictures and a mirror will be so melodramatic as these here described. But that images and ideas will be evoked from the brain and blend with the figures originally con- ceived is true, and has been notably proved by the experience of wise observers. More than one of the old polyhistors and curiosity hunters describe waters on whose surfaces mysterious forms, like strange reflections in a mirror, were ever seen coming and going. The conception is one of the most picturesque or sweetly strange which ever sprung up out of that wonderful worship of nature which was so deeply implanted in the Teutonic races, and of which curious beaux restcs may still be seen in all Germans. At any hotel in Europe it is always the Germans who want to take tea in the arbour, breakfast on the balcony, dine al fresco, and lunch by waterfalls in lonely forests. Not many years ago, a burgomaster in Germany cut down an avenue of lime trees in a town, for which sacrilege he was promptly shot dead by a student who gloried in the deed. It was (as Saintine, who narrates the fact, justly observes) only an hereditary breaking out of the old German tree-worship of Teutoburgian time. In Bavaria many still believe that fairies live in water lilies, where they sit comfort- ably of summer afternoons sewing, knitting, and gossiping—alien selir achon—" cradled in silent waters." You understand, reader, that this exquisite pantheistic polytheistic spirit which took form in Psellus, and became perfectly poetical in Paracelsus and Rosicrucianism—this religion which peoples the waters with naiads, and kelpies, and nixies, and the air and earth, and all that bides therein with peculiar sprites, leads, as no other inspiration can do, to a sincere and deep enjoyment of Xature. I may say to the on/// very deep love of it which is pure and real. They who go about picking out "beautiful bits," after reading of Ituskin, or any other of the writers or books who teach you how and what to admire in proper form—citr, quit, qitomodo, it quibus auxiliis—only feel beauty at second hand, or see the tapestry as some reviewers see books, entirely from the wrong side. "But," I am told, "there are really no fairies." Well, a knowledge of what man has believed in goes very far to remedy that want. The monks have left the old cathedral shades, the bedesman sleeps among his ashes cold; but the cathedrals—T mean the forests—are still with us, and it is some- thing to know how they were once ]>copled by man. But the new philosophy or evolution impresses it deeply on us, that we, our very thinking selves, are one with the life of trees, waters, rain,  ## p. 212 (#616) ############################################ 212 THE AUTHOR. air, and all that is. The electricity and mysterious essence of ether, and all hidden forces are in us, as in the rocks and flowers, a million years ago you were in it, millions of years hence you will still live and act, for we were all ever immortal and ever shall act in Nature or in God—life thou canst, not escape. In this view all things have a true life in the Beautiful, and Nature from a dead object of aesthetic twaddle becomes inspired with soul. And he wrho will give to this, and to the faiths of the olden time, serious thought or repeated meditation, till they shall become familiar to him, will soon live in Nature a new life, streams shall speak to him with laughing voices, elfin songs resound among the cliffs, and the wondrous light which shines invisibly to common eyes wherever the heroes of ancient time lie buried, shall make clear his path, and he will see from that which was, that which is to come. As I write on a sunny day, I see to the right, spreading far away, the blue Mediterranean under as blue a sky, the white line of waves breaking on the beach, and hear their mysterious sough ever varying, like voices. There goes a vessel by as in a dream, the same high prow and stem, the same strangely long diagonal sail, which we see on old Greek or Carthaginian coins. Therein I see and feel the life of ancient days, which shall ever be. Charles Godfrey Lelanu. Florence, Nov. 12, 1891. ♦•»■» A METHOD OF ADVERTISEMENT. "TT OU cannot," said Mr. Daventry, "get on 1 unless fellows jaw about you. There's no use telling me that, if I get on first, the jaw will follow, perhaps faster than I like, for it is not. true. That was the old way. Now-a-davs it's the jaw first and the success afterwards, and the more jaw the more success. Why, there's no rubbishing yarn I couldn't sell to the public, if I was only known as a Mahatma, or a disciple of the Higher Criticism. I should get a big practice at the bar, if men would go about swearing that I was the illegitimate son of a Begum, or one skin short. But nobody knows my name." For Robert Daventry was seriously discouraged. ITnappreciative publishers had sent, back his novel, and callous editors had rejected his articles, while, two years close attendance at the courts had not brought him in enough to pay for his wig. "I will be heard of," he continued, addressing a group of highly unsympathetic friends. "I will be heard of, and one day you shall all go about swaggering that you knew me to speak to, and your female cousins, when they hear it from you, will say, 'Really, how awfully nice!' And it won't be very long before I manage it somehow." And his words came true. It chanced that one day he went up the river with a lady. Shortly after leaving the station, the door of the railway-carriage, on which she was leaning, flew open. Robert Daventry jumped forward. He could not quite reach her skirts, but she clutched wildly and desperately in the direction of his outstretched arm, by good fortune secured it, anil was saved. "That was a shave, young woman," said he, us he settled her on a seat and adjusted his wristband, which had been almost, torn off his shirt. "Before vou play those pranks again, kindly cut vour 'nails." "I was nearly killed, Bob," said she, laughing a little hysterically. "If I had fallen out," she added, " it might have been very awkward for you, for people would have certainly said that vou threw me out of the carriage." But. Rol>ert made no reply. "Wouldn't they, Bob?" "We'll do it," he said, suddenly breaking silence. "It will be splendid." And then and there he unfolded this project, which his brain had rapidly formed on the hint contained in his companion's words. "We will go to the ' Horn,' have some lunch, and start for a row. I will land you near the X Station, and you shall run up to town by the first train you can catch. Leave your hat on the bank. I will return to the inn alone, pay for the boat, anil come up by the next train. The passer-by who finds your hat is sure to conclude you are drowned. We will dine together at K— 's, where I will meet you, and we shall probably be able to read some pari! - graphs in the evening paper about 'the mysterious disappearance of a lady,' 'supposed drowning fatality,' and so on. Then, when those beastly editors have quite done making public asses of themselves, I shall explain that the hat was left there to sec what would happen, and all those papers will have to talk about me. I shall send my photograph to all the illustrated periodicals. I should think some manager might see that I am the man for n real good drama. What do you say to doing it?" The lady thought, that it would not be a bad joke, supposing it was necessary to make; a joke at all, but rather demurred at leaving her hat on the bank. "You can get another one in London," said Mr. Daventry. "If you don't leave something  ## p. 213 (#617) ############################################ THE AUTHOR. tangible on the bank, the casual passer-by will not detect the presence of the crime. Everybody knows that a hat on the bank is the recognised sign of a corpse in the water. You can wear my cricket cap up to town." Now it fell out that in the street of the village where it was proposed to have lunch, and to hire their boat, Mr. Robert Daventry saw a laxly of his acquaintance coming towards them, and he turned up a back way rather abruptly. This did not escape his companion's notice, who began to cross- examine him upon the subject. Robert, intent upon his scheme, was not inclined to waste time in idle words, and said so with a sweetness that proved exasperating. The lady said, " You coward, you are ashamed to be seen with me." Bob said, in his turn a little angry—for no one likes the epithet of coward—" Perhaps you think I ought to introduce you about the place as the girl I'm going to marry?" Then the waiter was seen standing inside the door, looking for an opportunity to announce to the visitors that their boat was ready. So they laughed and were friends again. They were a little nervous as they went down to the water. Indeed, it is hard not to be nervous, when on the edge of perpetrating a practical joke. It is only the most callous and practised performer who can venture boldly, where failure must entail ridicule. Mr. Daventry sculled in silence up stream, until they reached a spot which seemed admirably suited to their purpose. This was a small reach about four hundred yards long, and hidden from the gaze of anyone who chanced to be above or below, by the abrupt winding of the stream. Here he turned into the bank, and helped his accomplice out. "Leave your hat," he said, "and run down stream about a quarter of a mile, and you will see the station (mite near the river. Here's my cap. K 's at 8.3o. Shove her out with your foot." He went on sculling up stream. She, in obedience to his instructions began to run down the bank. As she did so, she turned every now and then to watch him, for he was a good-looking man, and the sculling action suited him. Seeing which he took one of his hands off his sculls every now and then, and waved a little encouragement to her in the prosecution of their splendid joke. And he came to the up-corner, and she came to the down- corner, and he began to disappear trom her gaze, and she hung over the brink to watch him,—and, alas, she slipped. Vainly she clutched at all within her grasp; the rotten twigs snapped, the rotten bank yielded, she slipped further, and fell in. Two hours afterwards the body was found by a passer-by, who noticed the hat lying on the bank. Mr. Robert Daventry's cap was firmly clutched in her convulsive grasp. In the meantime the gentleman had further elaborated his joke. Why should there be only one person drowned? Why not two or more? To think was to act. Your practical joker is above all things careless of the personal propertv of other people. Mr. Daventry headed for the other bank, landed, turned the boat bottom upper- most and sent it spinning with a kick down stream. Then he walked rapidly to the nearest railway station. That evening he was arrested for murder. At his trial the following points were clearly made out by the prosecution :— He had quarrelled with the deceased at the Horn Inn before starting on the fatal expedition, and had said that he would not marry her. He looked very pale on starting. Later he was seen to turn the boat over anil kick it down stream, and then to start running into the country. When arrested his hand was severely scratched, uud his shirt cuff nearly torn off. There were signs of a scuttle on the bank, and the victim had the prisoner's cap in her hand. The theory of the prosecution was that he had been strolling along the bank with the unfortunate girl—the mark where the boat had been put in had been found by a detective—that he had quarrelled with her and had pushed her into the river. That he had then turned the boat over, hoping to make his act appear the result of an accident. For the defence the true story was told. He was found guilty. In reply to the awful question of the judge whether he had anything to say why the utmost penalty should not be inflicted, he said, " My Lord, it was all a joke." Many have sung, and many have narrated, the charms of mediocrity, but no one appreciates it highly for himself. But few consider themselves commonplace. Yet occasionally it will be borne in upon a man that he is but an average specimen. Sometimes he will sit down under his fate, and will court only the average destiny; holding all public achievements as very wondrous, for in this way his inability to perform them may l»e best excused. Sometimes he will turn hither and thither, vaguely, hurriedly, inconsequentially, if haply he may cheat his own mediocrity, or encompass fame by some rapid bye-path.  ## p. 214 (#618) ############################################ 214 THE AUTHOR. Robert Daventry was mediocre, and his soul loathed mediocrity. And he did not die for nothing. "The Evening Scorpion" had in their office a manuscript signed with the assassin's name. It had been the design of the editor to lose this work, for he had employed the accompanying stamps in his urgent correspondence. But now he saw a more honourable course open to him. He published the story with a fac-simile of Robert's signature attached, and he sold two editions of the paper on the day of issue. O. J. A PUZZLING EXPERIENCE. THE "puzzling experience" related in the current number of the Author recalls very pointedly to my mind an occurrence of a some- what similar nature which once happened to myself. My own experience throws no light upon that of your other correspondent; but it shows that, puzzling as such occurrences no doubt often are, they may still be nothing more than mere coincidences. A year or two ago, I had occasion to pay several visits to America. On one of these (I think in 1887) I was in a Liverpool tramear, on my way to join a steamer of the Allan Line, when there entered a certain official of the Canadian Govern- ment with whom I was well acquainted, and whom I expected to meet on my arrival at my destination. I was not aware that he was then in Europe, but it turned out that he had, for a time, left his official duties on sick leave. My friend left the matter he was at the moment engaged ii]jon and came down to the docks to see me off. His last words, just as the vessel was moving, were: "God-bye. I shall be in [naming it well-known Canadian city] about a fortnight after you will arrive there." I landed at Halifax, Nova Scotia, and travelled over the Intercolonial Line to Montreal. An hour or two later, as I was seated in the writing-room of the Windsor Hotel, attending to some corre spondence, I felt a touch on the shoulder and looking up, I saw the friend from whom I had parted in Liverpool only about ten days before. At first, I confess, the idea occured to me that it was a case for the Psychical Society; but his cheerful salute, "Well, Christy, here we are again," at once proved the reverse. He pro- ceeded to explain that, having been recalled by cable, through pressing business, a fortnight earlier than the date when he had told me he should leave, he had left Liverpool by an "Ocean Greyhound" the day after I did and travelling by the quicker New York route, had arrived in Montreal a day earlier than myself. Thus, within about ten days, I had twice by the purest accident, met the same individual, at places nearly 5,ooo miles apart, and in different conti- nents, when in each case I had the best of reasons for supposing him to be in the other. Millek Christy. CORRESPONDENCE. I. A New Departure. fT^IIE following advertisement, which "caught I my eye" in the columns of the Daily Aeir* on November i3th, is somewhat of a new departure in the struggle for literary fame. "The author of a well-reviewed novel will give 20 per cent, commission to one who can place two MSS. one-volume stories.—Address, 53o M, 'Daily News' Enquiry Office, 67, Fleet Street, E.C." We have all heard of those misguided individuals who are so anxious to shine in the literary world that they are eager to pay even a disreputable publisher to "bring out" their lucubrations; but here we have a new genus of simpleton. Mirabile dirtu, the author of a " well-reviewed" (not neces- sarily, however, a successful) novel is willing to pay 25 per cent, to someone—anyone — who will "place" t wo others !" M," whoever he or she may be, must be singularly innocent of any- thing except the. writing of the two MSS. in question to suppose that the author of a well- reviewed novel would find insuperable difficulties in placing the MSS. in question if they trerc worth printing at all. If he cannot do this alone, no third party would be able to get them placed, unless payment were made for publication. Let "M" no longer tempt sharks by foolish advertisements. It would cost him much less to submit his work to the Society, and take their advice. II. A New Reading Union. The world of novelists should be interested in a society of working miners and others, winch has been formed at Backworth, in Northumberland, for the study of classical novels. After a course of lectures upon fiction had been given by Mr.  ## p. 215 (#619) ############################################ THE AUTHOR. 2*5 Moulton, of Cambridge, it was found tlmt hardly any of the greatest works of fiction were known to his hearers, and this effort to popularise them was the outcome. The members of the union agree to read a specified novel every two months, meet for discussion, and write papers upon some given points. They ask novelists or other literary authorities to assist them by suggesting main ideas to be kept in view while reading a subject for debate, and another for the essays. At the head of their circular stand these true words, " Literature is the Science of Life, and the great classical novels arc among life's best text books. To study these is the true antidote to trashy and poisonous fiction." The books already read, or to be read, include "Vanity Fair," " The Newcomes,"" Silas Marner," "Bomohi," "Anne of Geierstein," "Wood- stock," "Sintram," "Westward Ho!" "Jane Eyre," '"93," "Les Miserables," "Persuasion," "Wives and Daughters," "Martin Chuzzlewit," "Tale of Two Cities," " Put yourself in his place," &c. Many authors of standing have helped them with ready kindness, and it is hoped that others on reading this may write to the secretary, Mr. J. Barrow, Northumberland Terrace, Backworth, Neweastle-on-Tync. It is self-evident that books suggested should be such as are published in cheap editions. Necessarily the books chosen must be get-at-able in cheap editions. III. Ox New Work. As bearing on "Berserker's" assertion in the November Author, that it is impossible to get a publisher to take up original work, it may be interesting to your readers to know that this has been frankly admitted by at least one of our leading publishing houses. The firm to whom I first offered my book on ""in refusing to bring it out except at my own expense, gave as their reason for declining it that it was written "on totally new lines of thought." J. B. C. [It is only another way of expressing the great fact that publishers very seldom take any risk. If we keep on dinning this truth into the heads of people, they will some day, perhaps, get to look upon publishing as a trade—which it is—like any other trade, conducted for profit.—Editor.] IV. Novels in a Batch. A correspondent sends us, as an illustration of the care and thoroughness with which the reviewing of novels in the batch is conducted, the interesting fact that a genealogical work, published in the summer, was lately noticed in one of the leading reviews as a novel among the weekly batch! V. The Gexkrosity of the Religious Society. Further particulars have now been received as to the case of munificent generosity on the part of a religious publishing society, recorded in the No- vember Author. The book in question was published by this religious publishing society — not the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge —at the price of two shillings. On a royalty of 5 per cent., which is iniquitous and sweating, the writer would receive £5 a thousand. On a royalty of 10 per cent., which is also a sweating royalty, the author would receive <£io a thousand. On a royalty of twopence in the shilling, or 16 per cent., he would receive £16 i3s. 4//. for every thousand. If 3,ooo copies were sold, the following is the estimated result :— per cent. S per cent. 10 per cent. '5 £ £ e Publisher's profits 60 45 30 Author ... ■ 5 3° AS, The generous society, however, did not give any royalty at all. They gave the writer the magnificent, princely sum of JE12!!!! It is only a religious society which can be so truly, nobly generous. It will be remembered by those who read a little pamphlet, published last year, called the "Literary Handmaid of the Church," that one of the many princely acts of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge was to give an author £12 for a book of which 6,000 copies were sold, and to refuse anything more, although the author pleaded that, they had promised more if the book should prove a success. How wonderfully do these societies promote the cause of true religion! With what self-sacrificing courage do they hold aloft the banner of justice! Let us always and always thank Heaven for the religious publishing society!  ## p. 216 (#620) ############################################ 2l6 THE AUTHOR. VI. The Bookman. 27, Paternoster Bow, London, Sir, 25th November, i891. In the lust number of the .Author you refer to ii letter by a lady authoress published in the first number of the Bookman. You say that the letter is " endorsed by the editor." You go further, and actually declare that on a six shilling book a profit to the author of £jb, and to the publisher of £3o.">, is " the full and equal royalty advocated by the Bookman!" No more gross misrepresentations could possibly be imagined. So far from endorsing the letter, I added the following note :— "The spirit of this letter is worthy of all admiration, but it should be remembered—(1) that on tin; matter of royalties well-known writers should not be put on a level with beginners; and (2) that the writer of the letter was in the habit of publishing books which sold at a low price, and contained a good deal of matter." Ignoring this note, you attempt to make out that I considered a royalty of one penny a shilling on a very popular six shilling book as fair. No such thing. The author of the letter was referring to books selling about one shilling and sixpence and two shillings, and so long as to involve quite as much setting as an average six-shilling volume. On such, I believe, a royalty of one penny per shilling may be fair, but I expressed no opinion even on that. On a book priced at six shillings and selling well, I agree with you that a much higher rate may be paid; in fact, my note was written to make this clear. Hut I do not accept your statements on this subject. How can an addition of a thousand copies of a six-shilling volume be all sold? Out of a thousand a considerable number would be sent to reviewers, and could not, therefore, be included in an estimate of money received. But I have no hesitation in saying that the great majority of books published at six shillings do not reach any- thing like a sale of a thousand. Several hundred copies have to be got riil of for what they will bring. And you take no account of the element of time, one book selling a thousand in a day, another struggling through its thousand in ten years. I need not say that this consideration should influence the whole reckoning I now desire to put a direct question. I am, and have been for years, a member of the Society of Authors. Many of the contributors to the Bookman arc also members. None of us, as far as I know, have ever given you permission to speak our minds on all subjects. We, acquiesce in the publication of the Author at the expense of the Society, because we think that, on the whole, it does good, though I, for one, do not see why it should not easily pay its way. But some of us, at least, feel when we read you on such subjects i:s "The man of the magnificent imagination." "Titles for Authors," Ac, as you feel towards the Spectator. If we cared to use your own elegant language, we should say, we are "grieved and humiliated to see such stuff in your columns." Our trouble is that you talk as if you had a right to be our spokesman. You say to me, "As a society of bookmen and bookwomen, we would earnestly invite, &c. Who gave you a right to say that? At what meeting of the Society of Authors was this invitation resolved upon? Did the Committee authorise you to extend it? Oris it simply you, the conductor of the paper, who are speaking without authority from any other human being i If so, I venture to suggest that the practice of speaking for men who have given you no authority to represent them, and who repudiate many of your most cherished opinions, should be dropped at once. Let the opinions be given simply as those of Mr. Walter Besant, and they will receive the respect they are entitled to, and from none more willingly than from, Sir, Your obedient Servant, The Editor of the " Bookman." Notes on the Above. 1. "Endorsed by the Editor." The lady who wrote the letter did so on the assumption that a royalty of a penny in the shilling was a fair royalty —the usual royalty—and that it gave the writer as much as it left the publisher. This was the whole point of her letter, and it was entirely erroneous. The Editor did not correct these mis- statements. He let them pass. If he did not endorse them, what did he do? Our readers, however, have his words before them. They may judge for themselves. 2. Whether the book is a shilling book or a six shilling book, the proportion is tlie same. The example of a six shilling book is given as the most convenient and the most intelligible. 3. Why should well-known writers receive more than beginners on a royalty? A royalty gives so much a copy. The beginner will not be in such great demand as the well-known writer, and will, therefore, on the same royalty, get less. 4. "The writer was in the habit of publishing books at a low price containing a good deal of  ## p. 217 (#621) ############################################ THE AUTHOR. 217 matter." Well, I have myself published books for a shilling each containing as much matter as is found in most si.v shilling books. But never, certainly, for a penny royalty. So that I speak from personal experience and not from theory. 5. "How can an edition of a thousand copies of a six shilling edition be all sold?" You may deduct thirty or so for press copies. The rest will be all sold if the book is successful to that extent. If it is not going to be successful to so small an extent the publisher will beforehand—and quite rightly—make the author pay towards the pro- duction of the book. Those six shilling books which are not paid for by the author sell sometimes a great many thousands—in every case which can be called in the least successful a good deal more than a thousand. The Editor of the Bookman wants to consider the length of time in getting the book off. Well, let us consider it. A six shilling book costs about £100 with advertising. The first subscription, always supposing that it is a book sure of a reasonable success, and therefore not paid for by the author, will certainly earn more than half by the first subscription, in nearly all ciises the other half in the first three months. There will not, in any case, be much left to be covered after the first five hundred are gone. There is nothing whatever to be altered in the notes of last month's Author on this unfortunate letter. 6. In answer to the Editor's "direct question," I have only to call his attention to the notice at the beginning of every Author, that signed articles represent the opinions of the writer only. The paragraphs to which he refers are signed by me as the writer. W. B. "AT THE AUTHOR'S HEAD." IN the long list of books published in November, note for purchase or circulating library pur- poses Austin Dobson's " Hogarth," Gardiner's "History of the Great Civil War," Vol. III., Lord Rosebery's " Pitt," Traill's "Marquis of Salisbury," Churton Collins' "Illustrations of Tennyson," Mrs. Grimwood's " Escape from Manipur," Andrew Lang's "Angling Sketches," Maudslay's " Nature's Warnings," William Morris' " Story of the Glitter- ing Plain," Bullen's "Lyrics from Elizabethan Dramatists," Leeky's "Poems." A one-volume edition of George Meredith's "One of our Conquerors" is now ready. (Chapman and Hall). A cheap edition is ready of George Macdonald's "There and Back." (Kegan Paul & Co.) A book out of the common, and far more than commonly interesting, is Mr. Athol Maudslay's "Nature's Weather Warnings and Natural Phe- nomena." Here are simple rules for forecasting the weather, obsolete weather prognostications, folk lore, flower lore, moon lore—all kinds of things unexpected. It is a little book published by Simpkin, Marshall, and Co. In the new number of the Educational Beview are papers by Arthur Sedgwick on "The Women's Question at Oxford "; by Lyulph Stanley on "The Work before the London School Board"; by A. G. Vernon Harcourt on "Greek from the Science man's Point of View "; by Pro- fessor Skeat on "The Educational Value of English," Part II. ; and by Arthur Monteliore, on "Nautical Education." The spirit of progress and activity has at last been aroused even in educational papers, which of old were wont to be the dullest of dull organs. "Glimpses into Nature's Secrets," by Edward Alfred Martin (Elliot Stock), is an attempt to bring under the observer's notice a few facts re- lating to those creatures of the sea-shore, which, familiar more or less to all, are always replete with interest to the seaside sojourner. The descriptions are neither lengthy nor technical, yet the infor- mation is trustworthy, and conveyed with a scientific spirit, although the manner chosen has been a popular one. There is a new edition of Jefferies' "The Dewy Morn." It now finds a place among Messrs. Bentlcy and Son's "Favourite Novels." The narrative of Mrs. Frank Grimwood's escape from tin' Mutiny of Manipur is a most wonderful story, simply and beautifully told, full of pathos and of situations terrible as well as pathetic. Its success is said to be as great as it deserves. Let us welcome among the company of novelists a new comer in the person of Miss Mary Dickens, granddaughter of her grandfather. In the children of the great novelist, their father's genius, as con- stantly happens, has manifested itself in other lines. Perhaps it has reappeared in his granddaughter. The name of the. work is "Cross Currents." The publishers are Chapman and Hall. Surely all who love their Charles Dickens will at least pay his memory the compliment by calling for the novel of his grandchild.  ## p. 218 (#622) ############################################ 2l8 THE AUTHOR. Mrs. W. K. Clifford brings out her "Love Letters of a Worldly Woman" this day—with Edward Arnold. Miss Mabel Robinson has gone to the same publishers with her new book, " Hovenden, V.C." Under the same name are new books by Clark Russell, Barry Gould, MacLaren Cobban, L. B. Walford, Mrs. Molesworth, W. E. Henley; not a bad list for a new house. Messrs. Longmans have in the press the auto- biography of an actress, not a great London actress, but an obscure member of a country company—of that class formerly called strolling actors. It is the only book which gives the actual life of the modern strolling actor. The experiences and anecdotes are strictly true. The author calls herself " Dorothy Wallis," and Mr. Walter Besant, who is personally acquainted with her, will contribute a preface to the work. The author of "John Westaeott" has com- pleted a three-volume novel, dealing with English characters, the scene being laid partly in the west country and on the Cornish coast, and some exciting scenes in a picturesque part of Bohemia. The publication is delayed for the American edition. Amongst the publications in which this writer's work has appeared during the present year are Cornhill, the Times, Black and White, Spectator, Leisure Hour, Athenceum, the Author, Cassell's, &c.; and he is also contributing notes to some of the principal provincial dailies. His article upon St. David, which appeared in the English Illustrated some three years since, under the title of "A Dead City," has become the acknowledged guide to that quaint place, and in the programme of the meeting of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland at Killarney this year it was especially recommended to the members for comparison with the pre-historic remains in West Kerry. The Duke of Argyll and his son, the Marquis of Lome, have joined the Company of Novelists, in the series published by the Automatic Company. Mr. George Saintsbury has introduced the Essays of Edmund Scherer to the English public in translation, with a critical preface. (Sampson Low & Co.) We have received " A Descriptive List of British Novels," compiled by W. M. Griswold, and pub- lished at Cambridge, Massachussetts. The number of novels noticed is 916, from No. i,025 to No. 1,941. What precedes No. 1,023 probably belongs to another collection. The intention of the collection is to supply a notice of every novel taken from the reviews of the day. Generally these are laudatory; sometimes they are the reverse. A pleasing surprise is introduced by a novel system of spelling. We have "ar" for "are," "we'r" for "were," "britly" for " brightly," and so forth; the result is that the critics' remarks appear absolutely fresh and new. Mrs. Edmonds, whose "Greek Lays, Idylls, and Legends" (Triibner and Co.) were favourably noticed some five years ago, has recently published a new book, entitled "Kolokotrones, Klepht and Warrior" (Fisher Unwiu). The same publisher has also recently issued "Amaryllis," by the same author, and a book of fairy tales. Mr. A. R. Ropes has published, with Seelev and Co., a Selection from the Letters of Lady Mary Wortley Montague, with an introduction. "Cora Langton," the author of "Jock and his Friends," has written another children's book, "A Parliament of Pickles." It is a funny, natural, and pathetic story. With regard to our announcement of Mr. Bert nun Mitford's new novel " Golden Face; A Tale of the Wild West," Trischler and Co., we learn that its publication is postponed until the end of January next. William Wilson's translation of "Brand," Ibsen's most powerful drama, has been published by Methuen. It is not a play to be acted, but the situations are splendid in their simplicity mid the central character is certainly as fine as anything that Ibsen has ever drawn. Immediately will be published "When Town and Country Meet." Longmans. Price 6*. By Mrs. Alfred Baldwin. The Cassell Publishing Company, New York, have bought the American rights of " Indian Idyls, by an 'Idle Exile,'" originally published 'by Messrs. Thaeker and Spink, Calcutta, and also of a one-volume novel by "An Idle Exile," entitled, "By a Himalayan Lake," which ran as a serial in the "Pictorial World." Messrs. Methuen, London, also have in the press "In Tent and Bungalow," another collection of short stories by the author of " Indian Idyls." Miss Peard's new Dutch novel, "The Baroness," will be published simultaneously in London (Bentley) and New York (Harper) at the beginning of the year.  ## p. 219 (#623) ############################################ THE AUTHOR. Among the new books of the month must be included Mr. Henry Charles Moore's "Who was She?" published by Dean and Son with the October books. The title of Mr. Walter Besant's new novel, about to run through Chamber's Journal, is "The Ivory Gate." It is the title of a novel by the late Mortimer Collins, which was published in the year 1866. Mr. Bosant has been very kindly j>ermitted by Miss Mabel Collins to use the title for the new story. A Fourth Edition is ready of Sir Monier Williams' "Brahminisiu and Hinduism." (John Murray.) NEW BOOKS AND NEW EDITIONS. Theology. Benham, Rev. W. The Dictionary of Religion; an En- cyclopaedia of Christian and other religious doctrines, denominations, sects, heresies, ecclesiastical terms, history, biography, &c. Edited by. Cassell. io«. 6rf. The Church and Hek Doctrine. By the Bishop of Sydney, the Bishop of Ossory, Canon Girdlestone, the Rev. Henry Wace, D.D., and others. J. Nisbet and Co. 6s. Farrar, Archdeacon. The Life of Christ. Illustrated. Cassell and Co. yt. 6d. Geikie, Rev. C, D.D. The Holy Land and the Bible. With illustrations from original drawings. By Henry A. Harper. Cassell. 2is. Granger, M. E. Advent Readings, arranged for daily reading and meditation. Griffith, Farran. 3«. 6d. Huntinoford, Rev. E., D.C.L. Popular Misconceptions about the First Eleven Chapters of Genesis. Second edition, continued to the death of Joseph. Bickers, Leicester Square, is. Maoee, C. S. Growth in Grace, and other Sermons. By the late W. C. Magee, D.D., Archbishop of York. Edited by. Isbister. 7s. 6d. Maurice, F. Denison. Sermons Preached in Lincoln's Inn Chapel. In 6 vols. Vol.11. New edition. Macmillan and Co. 3». 6d. Robinson, J. A., B.D. Texts and Studies, Contributions to Biblical and Patristic Literature. Edited by. Vol.11., No. I., a Study of Codex Beza?. Cambridge University- Press. 7s. 6d. Skene, W. F., D.C.L. The Lord's Supper and the Pass- over Kitual; being a Translation of the Substance of Professor Bickncll's work, termed "Messe und Pascha." With an introduction by the Translator on the connexion of the Early Christian Church with the Jewish Church. Clark, Edinburgh. 5j. What We Believe: a simple Statement of the Christian Faith. Griffith, Farran. White, Edward, Archbishop of Canterbury. Living Theology. With portrait. Preachers of the Age Series. Sampson Low. Williams, Sir Monies, K.C.I.E. Brahminism and Hinduism; or, Religious Thought and Life in India. Fourth edition, enlarged and improved. Murray. i8». History and Biography. Armstrong, W. The Life and Work of Briton Riviere. Christmas number of the Art Journal. With numerous illustrations. Art Journal office, Ivy Lane, E.C. Belford Bax, E. Selected Essays of Arthur Schopenhauer. With a biographical introduction and sketch of his philosophy. George Bell. 5*. Belmore, Earl of, G.C.M.G. The History of the Corry Family of Castlecoolc. Longmans; Thorn, Dublin, io*. 6d. Brugsch-Bey, H. Egypt under the Pharaohs: a History derived entirely from the Monuments. A new edition, condensed and revised by M. Brodrick. Maps and illustrations. Murray. 18s. Crawford, Frederick. Hans Christian Andersen's Cor- respondence with the late Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar, Charles Dickens, and others. Edited by. With portrait and memoir. Dean, Fleet Street. 6*. Dobson, Austin. William Hogarth. Sampson Low. Edwards, S. J. Celestine. From Slavery to a Bishopric j or, the Life of Bishop Walter Hawkins, of the British Methodist Episcopal Church, Canada. Kensit. London. Fleav, F. G., M.A. A Biographical Chronicle of the English Drama, 1559-1642. In 2 vols. Reeves and Turner. 1/. 10s. Forbes, Archibald. The Afghan Wars, 1839-42 and 1878-80. With portraits and plans. Seeley, Essex Street, Strand. Frith, Henry. The Biography of a Locomotive Engine. Illustrated. Cassell and Co. St. Gardiner, S. R., M.A. History of the Great Civil War, 1642-49. Vol. III. 1647-49. Longmans. 28s. Goff, G. L. Historical Records of the 91st Argyllshire Highlanders, now the 1st Battalion Princess Louise's Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders, containing an account of the formation of the regiment in 1794, and of its subsequent services to 1881. Arrunged by. Bentley. Hamerton, P. G. Paris, in Old and Preseut Times. Illus- trated (new edition). Seeley and Co. Hope, M. J. Novalis: His Life, Thoughts, and Works. Edited and translated by. Stott. Oxenden, Right Rev. A., D.D. The History of My Life: an Autobiography. Longmans, 5s. Picton, J. Allansox, M.P. Sir James A. Picton: a Biography, with facsimile sketches. Isbister and Co. 12*. Ropes, A. R., M.A. Lady Mary Wortlcy Montagu: Selected Passages from her Letters. Edited by. With nine portraits, after Sir Godfrey Kueller and other artists. Seeley. Rosebery, Lord. Pitt. Twelve English Statesmen Series. Macmillan. 2s. 6d.  ## p. 220 (#624) ############################################ 220 THE AUTHOR. Sciierer, W. A History of German Literature, from the Accession of Frederick the Great to the Death of Goethe. Translated from the third German edition by Mrs. F. C. Conybeare and edited by F. Max Miiller. Clarendon Press. 5s. Siborne, Maj.-Ge.v H. T. Waterloo Letters: a selection from original and hitherto unpublished letters bearing on the operations of the 16th, 17th, and 18th of June, 1815, by officers who served in the campaign. Edited, with explanatory notes, by. Illustrated, with maps and plans. Cassell. 21s. Traill, H. D., D.C.L. The Marquis of Salisbury. 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