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335	https://historysoa.com/items/show/335	The Author, Vol. 11 Issue 05 (October 1900)	<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=%3Cem%3EThe+Author%3C%2Fem%3E%2C+Vol.+11+Issue+05+%28October+1900%29"><em>The Author</em>, Vol. 11 Issue 05 (October 1900)</a>			<a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015006979390" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015006979390</a>								<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Publication">Publication</a>	1900-10-01-The-Author-11-5					81–96																		<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=89&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=11">11</a>											<a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=76&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1900-10-01">1900-10-01</a>							5			19001001	The Author.<br /> (The Organ of the Incorporated Society of Authors. Monthly.)<br /> CONDUCTED BY WALTER BESANT.<br /> Vol. XI.—No. 5.]<br /> OCTOBER 1, 1900.<br /> [PRICE SIXPENCE.<br /> CONTENTS.<br /> 81<br /> ... 82<br /> Memoranda ... ... ... ... ... ...<br /> Literary Property-<br /> 1. An Important Warping ... ...<br /> 2. The Sixpenny Book ... ... ...<br /> 3. Canadian Copyright<br /> 4. The Meaning of Royalties...<br /> 5. Resolutions of the Institute of Journalists<br /> The Manufacture of a Series<br /> PAGE<br /> Paris Letter ...<br /> Notes and News. By the Editor... ...<br /> The Coming Season ... ... ...<br /> R3 The Seventh International Press Congress<br /> Correspondence-A Query ...<br /> Literary Careers Made Easy<br /> Book and Play Talk...<br /> 86 | Books and Reviews ...<br /> 85<br /> 86<br /> PUBLICATIONS OF THE SOCIETY.<br /> 1. The Annual Report. That for the past year can be had on application to the Secretary.<br /> 2. The Author. A Monthly Journal devoted especially to the protection and maintenance of Literary<br /> Property. Issued to all Members, 6s. 6d. per annum. Back numbers are offered at the<br /> following prices : Vol. I., 108. 6d. (Bound); Vols. II., III., and IV., 88. 6d. each (Bound);<br /> Vols. V. to VIII. (Unbound), 6s. 6d.<br /> 3. Literature and the Pension List. By W. MORRIS COLLES, Barrister-at-Law. Henry Glaisher,<br /> 95, Strand, W.C. 38.<br /> 4. The History of the Société des Gens de Lettres. By S. SQUIRE SPRIGGE, late Secretary to<br /> the Society. 18.<br /> 5. The Cost of Production. In this work specimens are given of the most important forms of type,<br /> size of page, &amp;c., with estimates showing what it costs to produce the more common kinds of<br /> books. Henry Glaisher, 95, Strand, W.C. 28. 6d. (Out of print at present.)<br /> 6. The Various Methods of Publication. By S. SQUIRE SPRIGGE. In this work, compiled from the<br /> papers in the Society&#039;s offices, the various forms of agreements proposed by Publishers to<br /> Authors are examined, and their meaning carefully explained, with an account of the various<br /> kinds of fraud which have been made possible by the different clauses in their agreements.<br /> Henry Glaisher, 95, Strand, W.C. 38.<br /> 7. Copyright Law Reform. An Exposition of Lord Monkswell&#039;s Copyright Bill of 1890. With<br /> Extracts from the Report of the Commission of 1878, and an Appendix containing the<br /> Berne Convention and the American Copyright Bill. By J. M. LELY. Eyre and Spottis-<br /> woode. 18. 6d.<br /> 8. The Society of Authors. A Record of its Action from its Foundation. By Walter BESANT<br /> (Chairman of Committee, 1888-1892). 18.<br /> 9. The Contract of Publication in Germany, Austria, Hungary, and Switzerland. By Ernst<br /> ST<br /> LUNGE, J.U.D. 28. 6d.<br /> 10. The Addenda to the “Methods of Publishing.&quot; By G. HERBERT TARING. Being additional<br /> facts collected at the office of the Society since the publication of the “Methods.&quot; With<br /> comments and advice. 28.<br /> 11. Forms of Agreement issued by the Publishers&#039; Association ; with Comments. By G. HERBERT<br /> TARING, and Illustrative Examples by Sir WALTER BESANT. 18.<br /> <br /> <br /> ## p. 80 (#114) #############################################<br /> <br /> ADVERTISEMENTS.<br /> The Society of Authors (Incorporated).<br /> PRESIDENT,<br /> GEORGE MEREDITH.<br /> COUNCIL,<br /> SIR EDWIN ARNOLD, K.C.I.E., C.S.I. AUSTIN DOBSON.<br /> SIR LEWIS MORRIS.<br /> J. M. BARRIE.<br /> A. CONAN DOYLE, M.D.<br /> HENRY NORMAN.<br /> A. W. À BECKETT.<br /> A. W. DUBOURG.<br /> M188 E. A. ORMEROD, LL.D.<br /> ROBERT BATEMAN.<br /> SIR MICHAEL FOSTER, K.C.B., F.R.S. GILBERT PARKER.<br /> F. E. BEDDARD, F.R.S.<br /> D. W. FRESHFIRLD.<br /> J. C. PARKINSON.<br /> SIR HENRY BERGNE, K.C.M.G.<br /> RICHARD GARNETT, C.B., LL.D. A. W. PINERO.<br /> SIR WALTER BESANT.<br /> EDMUND GOSSE.<br /> THE RIGHT Hon. The LORD PIR<br /> AUGUSTINE BIRRELL, M.P.<br /> H. RIDER HAGGARD.<br /> BRIGHT, F.R.S.<br /> THE REV. PROF. BONNEY, F.R.S. THOMAS HARDY.<br /> SIR FREDERICK POLLOCK, Bart., LL.D.<br /> THE RIGHT Hon. JAMES BRYCE, M.P. ANTHONY HOPE HAWKINS.<br /> WALTER HERRIES POLLOCK.<br /> THE RIGHT HON. THE LORD BURGH. JEROME K. JEROME.<br /> E. ROSE.<br /> CLERE.<br /> J. SCOTT KELTIE, LL.D.<br /> W. BAPTISTE SCOONER.<br /> HALL CAINE.<br /> RUDYARD KIPLING.<br /> Miss FLORA L. Shaw.<br /> EGERTON CASTLE, F.S.A.<br /> PROF. E. RAY LANKESTER, F.R.S. G. R. SIMB.<br /> P. W. CLAYDEN.<br /> THE RIGHT Hon. W. E. H. LECKY, S. SQUIRE SPRIGGE.<br /> EDWARD CLODD.<br /> M.P.<br /> J. J. STEVENSON.<br /> W. MORRIS COLLES.<br /> J. M. LELY.<br /> FRANCIS STORR.<br /> The Hon. John COLLIER.<br /> THE REV. W. J. LOFTIE, F.S.A.<br /> WILLIAM Moy THOMAS.<br /> SIR W. MARTIN CONWAY.<br /> SIR A. C. MACKENZIE, Mus.Doo. MRS. HUMPHRY WARD.<br /> F. MARION CRAWFORD.<br /> PROF. J. M. D. MEIKLEJOHN.<br /> Miss CHARLOTTE M. YONGR.<br /> THE RIGHT Hon. THE LORD CURZON THE REV. C. H. MIDDLETON-WAKE.<br /> OF KEDLESTON.<br /> Hon. Counsel – E. M. UNDERDOWN, Q.C.<br /> COMMITTEE OF MANAGEMENT.<br /> Chairman-A. HOPE HAWKINS.<br /> A. W. À BECKETT.<br /> J. SCOTT KELTIE, LL.D.<br /> GILBERT PARKER.<br /> SIR WALTER BESANT.<br /> J. M. LELY.<br /> E. ROSE.<br /> EGERTON CASTLE, F.S.A.<br /> HENRY NORMAN.<br /> FRANCIS STORR<br /> D. W. FRESHFIELD.<br /> &#039;SUB-COMMITTEES.&#039;<br /> ART.<br /> Hon. JOHN COLLIER (Chairman). I SIR W. MARTIN Conway.<br /> M. H. SPIELMANN<br /> COPYRIGHT.<br /> A. W. À BECKETT.<br /> A. HOPE HAWKINS.<br /> J. M. LELY.<br /> W. M. COLLES.<br /> GILBERT PARKER.<br /> DRAMA.<br /> HENRY ARTHUR JONES (Chairman). F. C. BURNAND.<br /> A. W. PINERO.<br /> A. W. À BECKETT.<br /> SYDNEY GRUNDY.<br /> EDWARD ROSE.<br /> J:<br /> FIELD, ROSCOE, and Co., Lincoln&#039;s Inn Fields.<br /> G. HERBERT THRING, 4, Portugal-street.<br /> Secretary-G. HERBERT THRING.<br /> OFFICES : 4, PORTUGAL STREET, LINCOLN&#039;S INN FIELDS, W.C.<br /> A. P. WATT &amp; SON,<br /> LITERARY AGENTS,<br /> Formerly of 2, PATERNOSTER SQUARE,<br /> Have now removed to<br /> HASTINGS HOUSE, NORFOLK STREET, STRAND,<br /> LONDON, W.C.<br /> MHE KNIGHTS and KINGS of CHESS. By the Rev. MHE ART of CHESS. By JAMES Mason. Price 58.<br /> 1 G A. MACDONNELL, B.A. Price 28. 6d. net.<br /> 1 net, by post 58. 4d<br /> London: HORACE Cox, Windsor House, Bream&#039;s- buildings, E.O. London: HORACE Cox, Windsor House, Broam&#039;s-buildings, E.O.<br /> <br /> <br /> ## p. 81 (#115) #############################################<br /> <br /> The Author.<br /> (The Organ of the Incorporated Society of Authors. Monthly.)<br /> CONDUCTED BY WALTER BESANT.<br /> VOL. XI.—No. 5.]<br /> OCTOBER 1, 1900.<br /> [PRICE SIXPENCE.<br /> For the Opinions expressed in papers that are<br /> signed or initialled the Authors alone are<br /> responsible. None of the papers or para-<br /> graphs must be taken as expressing the<br /> collective opinions of the Committee unless<br /> they are officially signed by G. Herbert<br /> Thring, Sec.<br /> M HE Secretary of the Society begs to give notice that all<br /> 1 remittances are acknowledged by return of post, and<br /> requests that all members not receiving an answer to<br /> important communications within two days will write to him<br /> without delay. All remittances should be crossed Union<br /> Bank of London, Chancery-lane, or be sent by registered<br /> letter only.<br /> III. THE ROYALTY SYSTEM.<br /> It is above all things necessary to know what the<br /> proposed royalty means to both sides. It is now possible<br /> for an author to ascertain approximately and very nearly<br /> the truth. From time to time the very important figures<br /> connected with royalties are published in The Author.<br /> Readers can also work out the figures themselves from the<br /> “Cost of Production.”<br /> IV. A COMMISSION AGREEMENT.<br /> The main points are :-<br /> (1.) Be careful to obtain a fair cost of production.<br /> (2.) Keep control of the advertisements.<br /> (3.) Keep control of the sale price of the book.<br /> GENERAL.<br /> All other forms of agreement are combinations of the four<br /> above mentioned.<br /> Such combinations are generally disastrous to the author.<br /> Never sign any agreement without competent advice from<br /> the Secretary of the Society.<br /> Stamp all agreements with the Inland Revenue stamp.<br /> Avoid agreements by letter if possible.<br /> The main points which the Society has always demanded<br /> from the outset are :-<br /> (1.) That both sides shall know what an agreement<br /> means.<br /> (2.) The inspection of those account books which belong<br /> to the author. We are advised that this is a right, in the<br /> nature of a common law right, which cannot be denied or<br /> withheld.<br /> Communications and letters are invited by the Editor on<br /> all subjects connected with literature, but on no other sub-<br /> jects whatever. Articles which cannot be accepted are<br /> returned if stamps for the purpose accompany the MSS.<br /> GENERAL MEMORANDA.<br /> WARNINGS TO DRAMAYNIC AUTHORS.<br /> TT ERE are a few standing rules to be observed in an<br /> il agreement. There are four methods of dealing<br /> with literary property :-<br /> I. THAT OF SELLING IT OUTRIGHT.<br /> This is in some respects the most satisfactory, if a proper<br /> price can be obtained. Bat the transaction should be<br /> managed by a competent agent, or with the advice of the<br /> Secretary of the Society.<br /> II. A PROFIT-SHARING AGREEMENT (a bad form of<br /> agree<br /> In this case the following rules should be attended to:<br /> (1.) Not to sign any agreement in which the cost of pro<br /> duction forms a part without the strictest investigation.<br /> (2.) Not to give the publisher the power of putting the<br /> profits into his own pocket by charging for advertisements<br /> in his own organs : or by charging exchange advertise.<br /> ments. Therefore keep control of the advertisements.<br /> (3.) Not to allow a special charge for “office expenses,&quot;<br /> unless the same allowance is made to the author.<br /> (4.) Not to give ap American, Colonial, or Continental<br /> rights.<br /> (5.) Not to give up serial or translation rights.<br /> (6.) Not to bind yourself for future work to any publisher.<br /> As well bind yourself for the future to any one solicitor or<br /> doctor!<br /> VOL. XI.<br /> 1. N EVER sign an agreement without submitting it to<br /> the Secretary of the Society of Authors or some<br /> competent legal aathority.<br /> 2. It is well to be extremely careful in negotiating for<br /> the production of a play with anyone except an established<br /> manager.<br /> 3. There are three forms of dramatic contract for PLAYS<br /> IN THREE OR MORE ACTS :-<br /> (a.) SALE OUTRIGHT OF THE PERFORMING RIGHT.<br /> This is unsatisfactory. An author who enters<br /> into such a contract should stipulate in the con.<br /> tract for production of the piece by a certain date<br /> and for proper publication of his name on the<br /> play-bills.<br /> (6.) SALE OF PERFORMING RIGHT OR OF A LICENCE<br /> TO PERFORM ON THE BASIS OF PERCENTAGES<br /> on gross receipts. Percentages vary between<br /> 5 and 15 per cent. An author should obtain &amp;<br /> percentage on the sliding scale of gross receipts<br /> L 2<br /> <br /> <br /> ## p. 82 (#116) #############################################<br /> <br /> 82<br /> THE AUTHOR.<br /> 5. Remember always that in belonging to the Society you<br /> are fighting the battlos of other writers, even if you are<br /> reaping no benefit to yourself, and that you are advancing<br /> the best interests of literature in promoting the indepen.<br /> dence of the writer.<br /> 6. The Committee have now arranged for the reception of<br /> members&#039; agreements and their preservation in a fireproof<br /> safe. The agreements will, of course, be regarded as con.<br /> fidential documents to be read only by the Secretary, who<br /> will keep the key of the safe. The Society now offers :-(1)<br /> To read and advise upon agreements and publishers. (2) To<br /> stamp agreements in readiness for a possible action upon<br /> them. (3) To keep agreements. (4) To enforce payments<br /> due according to agreements.<br /> THE READING BRANCH.<br /> in preference to the American system. Shonld<br /> obtain a sum in advance of percentages. A fixed<br /> date on or before which the play should be<br /> performed.<br /> (c.) SALE OF PERFORMING RIGHT OR OF A LICENCE<br /> TO PERFORM ON THE BASIS OF ROYALTIES (i.e.,<br /> fixed nightly fees). This method should be<br /> always avoided except in cases where the fees<br /> are likely to be small or difficult to collect. The<br /> other safeguards set out under heading (6.) apply<br /> also in this case.<br /> 4. PLAYS IN ONE ACT are often sold outright, but it is<br /> better to obtain a small nightly fee if possible, and a sum<br /> paid in advance of such fees in any event. It is extremely<br /> important that the amateur rights of one act plays should<br /> be reserved.<br /> 5. Authors should remember that performing rights can<br /> be limited, and are usually limited by town, country, and<br /> time. This is most important.<br /> 6. Authors should not assign performing rights, but<br /> should grant a licence to perform. The legal distinction is<br /> of great importance.<br /> 7. Authors should remember that performing rights in a<br /> play are distinct from literary copyright. A manager<br /> holding the performing right or licence to perform cannot<br /> print the book of the words.<br /> 8. Never forget that American rights may be exceedingly<br /> valuable. They should never be included in English<br /> agreements without the author obtaining a substantial<br /> consideration.<br /> 9. Agreements for collaboration should be carefully<br /> drawn and executed before collaboration is commenced.<br /> 10. An author should remember that production of a play<br /> is highly speculative: that he runs a very great risk of<br /> delay and a breakdown in the fulfilment of his contract.<br /> He should therefore guard himself all the more carefully in<br /> the beginning.<br /> 11. An author must remember that the dramatic market<br /> is exceedingly limited, and that for a novice the first object<br /> is to obtain adequate publication.<br /> As these warnings must necessarily be incomplete on<br /> account of the wide range of the subject of dramatio con.<br /> tracts, those authors desirous of further information are<br /> referred to the Secretary of the Society.<br /> EMBERS will greatly assist the Society in this<br /> branch of their work by informing young writers of<br /> its existence. Their MSS. can be read and treated<br /> aa a composition is treated by a coach. The term MSS.<br /> includes not only works of fiction but poetry and dramatic<br /> works, and when it is possible, under special arrangement,<br /> technical and scientific works. The Readers are writers of<br /> competence and experience. The fee is one guinea.<br /> NOTICES.<br /> M HE Editor of The Author begs to remind members of the<br /> T Society that, although the paper is sent to them free<br /> of charge, the cost of producing it would be a very<br /> heavy charge on the resources of the Society if a great<br /> many members did not forward to the Secretary the modest<br /> 68. 6d. subscription for the year.<br /> Communications for The Author should be addressed to<br /> the Offices of the Society, 4, Portugal-street, Lincoln&#039;s-inn<br /> Fields, W.C., and should reach the Editor not later than the<br /> 21st of each month.<br /> All persons engaged in literary work of any kind, whether<br /> members of the Society or not, are invited to communicate<br /> to the Editor any points connected with their work whicb<br /> it would be advisable in the general interest to publish.<br /> The present location of the Authors&#039; Club is at 3, White-<br /> hall-court, Charing Cross. Address the Secretary for<br /> information, rules of admission, &amp;c.<br /> HOW TO USE THE SOCIETY.<br /> LITERARY PROPERTY.<br /> T VERY member has a right to ask for and to receive<br /> advice upon his agreements, his choice of a pub.<br /> lisher, or any dispute arising in the conduct of his<br /> business or the administration of his property. If the<br /> advice sought is such as can be given best by a solici.<br /> tor, the member has a right to an opinion from the<br /> Society&#039;s solicitors. If the case is such that Counsel&#039;s<br /> opinion is desirable, the Committee will obtain for him<br /> Counsel&#039;s opinion. All this without any cost to the member.<br /> 2. Remember that questions connected with copyright<br /> and publisher&#039;s agreements do not generally fall within the<br /> experience of ordinary solicitors. Therefore, do not scruple<br /> to use the Society.<br /> 3. Send to the Office copies of past agreements and past<br /> accounts with the loan of the books represented. The<br /> Secretary will always be glad to have any agreements, new<br /> or old, for inspection and note. The information thus<br /> obtained may prove invaluable.<br /> 4. Before signing any agreement whatever, send the pro.<br /> posed document to the Society for examination.<br /> I.-A VERY IMPORTANT WARNING.<br /> A S during the past three months many cases<br /> have come before the Authors&#039; Society<br /> wbere a half-profit or other agreement<br /> has been entered into with a publisher and the<br /> publisher in the same agreement binds the author<br /> for the next two books on the same terms, it is<br /> our duty again to repeat that both these clauses<br /> are disastrous, the latter especially so. In many<br /> cases accounts have been brought in showing<br /> a sale of 2000 copies or thereabouts, with a return<br /> to the author on “half profits ” of perhaps £5!<br /> <br /> <br /> ## p. 83 (#117) #############################################<br /> <br /> THE AUTHOR.<br /> .: 83<br /> Two more books on the same terms would be the sale of the sixpenny book is simply ruining<br /> quite sufficient to break any person who is striving the trade.<br /> to live by writing. It is only hoped that those 6. The author on a royalty of id., which is<br /> houses especially given to this kind of contract<br /> much larger than is generally offered,<br /> may be the first to become bankrupt.<br /> cannot expect more than £156 for 50,000<br /> copies. On a 20 per cent. royalty for the<br /> same book at the nominal price of 6s.<br /> II.—THE SIXPENNY Book.<br /> he would have £60 for every thousand<br /> I have now been able to ascertain the figures<br /> copies, or for 2500, £150. So that unless<br /> respecting the production of the sixpenny book.<br /> twenty copies are taken at 6d. to one at<br /> From estimates before me—those of a printing<br /> 68., the author will be a loser.<br /> firm of old standing—I learn that the cost of an<br /> 7. There are now a great many sixpenny books<br /> average sixpenny book of 16opp. may be computed<br /> on the market : and they are increasing<br /> at 1 d. a copy for an edition of 50,000 copies—<br /> rather than diminishing. Publishers, in<br /> i.e., about £340. This does not include advertis-<br /> fact, seem vying with each other in the<br /> ing. These copies are sold to the retail bookseller<br /> madness of the sixpenny book.<br /> at 3 d. each, and to the wholesale bookseller at 8. The dangers resulting from this misplaced<br /> 3d. The latter price, however, is by far the more<br /> cheapness are briefly these :-<br /> important, and may be taken as the average. (a) So long as books are on the stall or<br /> The cbarge to the public is 4 d. at places where<br /> counter which can be bought for 6d.,<br /> discount is allowed, and 6d. at other places.<br /> the general public will not look at a book<br /> From these figures we get the following<br /> priced more highly.<br /> facts :-<br /> It has been urged that a new public is<br /> 1. The publisher, in order to clear his bare<br /> approached with the sixpenny book.<br /> costs, must get rid of 27,200 copies.<br /> This is perhaps true, but it includes and<br /> 2. If he has to pay the author a royalty, these<br /> swamps the old book-buying public.<br /> figures must be materially altered. Thus,<br /> The public are induced to believe that<br /> if the author gets id.-sometimes he is<br /> 6d. is the just and proper price of a<br /> offered a simple farthing !—the publisher<br /> book of any kind. This evil, which so<br /> must get rid of more than 36,000 copies<br /> largely contributed to the International<br /> in order to clear these bare costs.<br /> Copyright Act in the United States, has<br /> 3. He is then left with 13,720 copies. On the<br /> already begun in this country. It will<br /> whole, if he clears off the complete edition,<br /> of necessity produce the same effects<br /> he makes the sum of £128, out of which<br /> here as were complained of there—viz.,<br /> he has to pay for such advertising as he<br /> the impossibility of the author making a<br /> thinks necessary, and his office expenses,<br /> livelihood by his work. Now, for imagi.<br /> travellers, clerks, &amp;c.<br /> native work it is most important that<br /> 4. Most of the books offered at 6d. belong to<br /> the author should be independent and<br /> the publisher, and are not loaded with any<br /> should be able to live in a certain amount<br /> royalty. In that case, the sale of the com.<br /> of ease.<br /> plete edition would produce about £285,<br /> The people cease to prize what they can<br /> subject to the above deductions. The<br /> get for nothing. They have to pay a<br /> question then arises whether, for the sake<br /> shilling for a seat in the gallery of a<br /> of this profit, it is worth while to lose the<br /> theatre: if they can get the finest work<br /> sale of the more highly-priced works.<br /> of contemporary fiction for 6d., which<br /> 5. The bookseller, on the other hand, sells the<br /> will they value the more highly, an<br /> book at 4 d., and gets a profit of one<br /> evening at the play or a novel by — ?<br /> penny.<br /> They imbibe a contempt for literature<br /> A London bookseller of importance computes<br /> as a thing which by those who produce<br /> that he disposes of the sixpenny book at the rate<br /> it is considered of no value.<br /> of 500 copies a week. That is to say, he realises<br /> The bookseller, already on the verge of<br /> a profit of a little over £2 a week, which does not<br /> ruin, is driven down still lower.<br /> even cover his rent. It is not likely that many 9) The author of the sixpenny book suffers,<br /> booksellers get through a greater number every<br /> as we have seen, but the author of the<br /> week.<br /> 6s. book is in imminent danger of<br /> Another bookseller reports that no one will look<br /> extinction.<br /> at any other book so long as the sixpenny book It seems as if the rational method of procedure<br /> can be obtained. It is obvious, therefore, that would be to reserve for the sixpenny editions<br /> <br /> <br /> ## p. 84 (#118) #############################################<br /> <br /> 84<br /> THE AUTHOR.<br /> only those books which have stood the test of of Canada to legislate for itself in such a manner<br /> time, and have become popular works. It may as to override the Imperial Act; but fortunately<br /> then be presumed that the earlier edition is in the no Canadian legislation upon these lines ever<br /> hands of all who can afford to give the higher obtained the Royal Assent.<br /> price, while the cheap edition appeals to the wide In 1895, when the discussion was very acute,<br /> class of those who cannot afford to give so much. the Society of Authors, whose sense of responsi-<br /> It would be still more rational if the lowest bility as to the question had been constant and<br /> price of the popular book were to be one shilling. sincere, considered what further steps should be<br /> Would it not be possible for the author to taken to put forward clearly the case of Imperial<br /> guard against the danger, in his own interests as copyright. Mr. Hall Caine was at that time<br /> well as those of other writers, of booksellers, about to leave England on a tour in America, and<br /> and the general public, by inserting a clause in the committee of the Society gladly accepted his<br /> his agreements forbidding the sixpenny edition services as a delegate of the Society during his<br /> except with the consent of the author himself or visit to Canada. Mr. Hall Caine rendered mate-<br /> his agent ?<br /> W.B. rial help to the cause in which the Society was<br /> ---<br /> interested, and received the committee&#039;s cordial<br /> acknowledgment of his zealous and valuable aid.<br /> III.-CANADIAN COPYRIGHT.<br /> It is not, however, necessary now to enter into<br /> (Reprinted by kind permission from the Times of Aug. 31.) the details of his negotiations, since the copyright<br /> The question of Canadian copyright, which has question entered on a fresh phase with Sir John<br /> been the stumbling-block to copyright legislation Thompson&#039;s death. A new Government suc-<br /> and to copyright reform for the past thirty ceeded, and Sir Wilfrid Laurier became Premier<br /> years, seems now to be within reasonable distance of Canada.<br /> of settlement. This desirable situation is largely In the beginning of 1898, Mr. Gilbert Parker,<br /> owing to the constant attention and labour of the a member of the committee of the Society of<br /> Incorporated Society of Authors. In 1875 the Authors, learnt that the question of copyright<br /> Canadian Government brought in a Copyright was again likely to be brought forward; and the<br /> Bill for Canada which obtained the Royal Society of Authors at once drew up a statement<br /> Assent, but this Act was unsatisfactory to the as to the course which copyright legislation<br /> Canadians, as, though it was considered that it should take according to their opinion for the<br /> would override the Imperial Act, their courts benefit of all authors of the Empire. In the<br /> decided in Smiles v. Belford that this view of summer of that year, when certain Canadian<br /> the law could not stand. In 1886 the Imperial Ministers were in England, the secretary of the<br /> Parliament removed another colonial difficulty by Society had a long interview with them at Mr.<br /> giving copyright to a book wherever published Parker&#039;s house. It was then thought well that<br /> within the British Empire.<br /> the Society should send over a delegate to Canada<br /> Still, for various reasons which it is unnecessary to put forward their views. The secretary of the<br /> to enumerate here, the Canadians were discon. Society was appointed to fill the post. Copyright<br /> tented ; and, in the early nineties, soon after the legislation was, however, postponed in Canada ior<br /> passing of the American Act, Sir John Thompson, the moment; but in the autumn of the following<br /> thinking, no doubt, that the Canadian trades had year-1899—at the expense of the Society, the<br /> been injured by this Act, issued a report which secretary sailed for Canada. Mr. Gilbert Parker,<br /> was based on a desire to stimulate the trade of who had taken so inuch interest in the matter,<br /> the printers and publishers in Canada to the was in Canada at the same time, and had informed<br /> disadvantage of Canadian authors and tbeir the Society of Authors that he would give his<br /> property, as well as of British authors and their best assistance to the secretary in order to help<br /> property. The Authors&#039; Society did not find it him to carry through this important question.<br /> possible to support this report, thinking it The secretary had the honour to interview the<br /> antagonistic to the proper evolution of copyright Premier and other members of the Canadian<br /> law. The Society based their opinion on the fact Government who were especially concerned with<br /> that an author&#039;s work is his own property, and the question of copyright legislation; and he was<br /> should not be hampered by any trade considera assured not only that the Government was<br /> tion the effect of which was to deprive the author sympathetic towards the views put forward by<br /> of his legitimate profits.<br /> the Society, but also that the question of the<br /> During the next few years Sir John Thompson printing clause and the licensing methods which<br /> carried on the agitation very keenly. It would had been put forward on previous occasions would<br /> appear that he was concerned to raise a Consti- be practically laid aside. After discussing this<br /> tutional and Imperial question as to the rights difficult question with all those in Canada who<br /> <br /> <br /> ## p. 85 (#119) #############################################<br /> <br /> THE AUTHOR.<br /> Let us go on to the book of which 3000 at least<br /> are printed. The cost of this edition, including<br /> advertising, may be set down at about £150.<br /> The average price being 38. 7d., we have the<br /> following results if the whole edition is sold out:<br /> On a royalty, per cent. ... | 10 15 20 25 30 35<br /> were chiefly concerned, and after obtaining the<br /> support of the Canadian Society of Authors, then<br /> in its infancy, the secretary returned to London<br /> with the promise that, if possible, the Canadians<br /> would legislate on the lines suggested.<br /> At the beginning of this year a Bill was<br /> brought forward by the Minister of Agriculture,<br /> within whose department copyright business lies,<br /> giving to the Canadian publisher complete secu-<br /> rity where he had contracted with the author for<br /> the exclusive right of publication in Canada,<br /> without burdening the author with any trade<br /> restrictions. This Bill received the assent of the<br /> Canadian Parliament in July, and practically<br /> closes in a satisfactory way to all those concerned<br /> this very difficult and troublesome, but important,<br /> question.<br /> There is only one thing left to be the crowning<br /> point of the work of the Society in this direction<br /> —that is, the passing of Lord Monkswell&#039;s Copy.<br /> right Bill in the next Session. The Bill embodies<br /> the terms of the Canadian Act just passed, and<br /> if it becomes law will practically confirm the<br /> Canadian legislation on this question.<br /> Author.............................. | 90 135 180 225 270315<br /> Pablisher ....<br /> 297 | 252 | 207 162 117 72<br /> But the net system is being introduced. The<br /> public will before long find out that this means<br /> taking more money out of their pockets; and<br /> taking more money, out of their pocke<br /> booksellers will find out, sooner or later, that<br /> they cannot become slaves and clerks to pub-<br /> lishers. Meantime, if the 6s. book is to be sold<br /> at 58. net, the trade price is 38. rod. Now, let us<br /> see what royalties mean on this scale, taking as<br /> before an edition of 3000.<br /> On a royalty per cent. 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 |<br /> The author will receive 75 112 150 187 225 262 300<br /> The publisher<br /> 1350 1313 275/238 200 | 163 125<br /> IV.-THE MEANING OF ROYALTIES. * Royalties must not be counted 13 as 12.<br /> It is now some three years since the meaning<br /> The author must be very careful, therefore, to<br /> of Royalties was set forth in these pages. It is<br /> understand that under a net system royalties<br /> now time to repeat, with some amendments and<br /> mean figures very different from those where<br /> discount prevails. Part of the eagerness with<br /> corrections.<br /> We take, as usual, the 68. book—not necessarily<br /> which some publishers want to extend the net<br /> a novel,<br /> system is due to the ignorance of authors as to<br /> First, an edition of 1000 copies-10 sheets of<br /> the meaning of royalties.<br /> 32pp. each, about 30 lines or 280 words to a<br /> But, it will be argued, the whole edition of<br /> page, small pica type— costs about £60, with such<br /> 3000 copies may not be sold out. What would<br /> small advertising as an edition of this number<br /> happen then?<br /> can bear, about $70 at the outset.<br /> Let us take two cases—one in which 2000<br /> The price to the trade averages 38. 9 d., to the<br /> copies are sold and one in which 2500 copies are<br /> distributors about 28. sd. The average is about sold. In both cases a certain amount of binding<br /> 38. 7d., in some cases perhaps 38.6d. We 18 saved-say, £10 and 5 respectively.<br /> formerly took it at 38. 7d.<br /> Then for a sale of 2000 copies we have:<br /> Every edition gives, on the estimate stated at<br /> the Congress of Publishers, “overs” at the rate of On a royalty per cent. | 10 | 15 | 20<br /> 10 15 20 25 30 35 40<br /> 2 per cent., i.e., so many copies not used in making<br /> up deficiencies. We may deduct forty copies for The author receives ..50<br /> Press, which leaves 980, and we will suppose that Tbe publisher receives 193 168<br /> the book is one of the half successes which sells<br /> these 980 copies and no more. The publisher<br /> On a sale of 2500 :<br /> therefore pays £70 for 980 copies, which are sold<br /> at 38 7d., producing say £175. If he gives the<br /> On a royalty per cont. 10 15 20 25<br /> author a shilling royalty the latter makes £49<br /> and the publisher £56. If he gives the author The author receives ... 62 91 124 186<br /> £20 down and a royalty of a shilling to begin<br /> The publisher receives / 272 243 216|179<br /> 179 148<br /> after 600 are sold, he gets a little more and the<br /> author a little less. It would hardly be worth<br /> while to consider this class of book, but for the<br /> fact that there are so many of them.<br /> <br /> <br /> ## p. 86 (#120) #############################################<br /> <br /> 86<br /> THE AUTHOR.<br /> V.—THE INSTITUTE OF JOURNALISTS.<br /> At the annual conference of this Institute, held<br /> in London under the presidency of Sir James<br /> Henderson, the following were among the resolu.<br /> tions adopted :<br /> That the Copyright Bill recently before Parliament was<br /> ansatisfactory, inasmuch as clause 12, in attempting to<br /> institute copyright in news, gives no protection to the<br /> individual journalist who supplies news, but only to the<br /> nowspaper proprietor or the news agency which publishes<br /> it, and fails to show how nows wbich has become common<br /> property (as it does on publication) can be made the basis<br /> of an action without andae restraint of journalistic enter.<br /> prise and freedom; and this conference is of opinion that<br /> &amp; clause which more strictly defines the right of a reporter<br /> or contributor in the literary form of bis report or com.<br /> munication, will be of more value to the working journalist<br /> than any attempt to create copyright in nows qua news.<br /> That editors be discouraged from inviting oontribations<br /> to their journals from persons of wealth and position, thus<br /> depriving of valuable space those who are journalists by<br /> profession, and who have no means of living except by their<br /> profession.<br /> M<br /> THE MANUFACTURE OF A SERIES.<br /> HE following printed letters are taken from<br /> the Athenæum of Aug. 4, 1900:-<br /> THE MANUFACTURE OF A SERIES.<br /> The following correspondence is interesting as throwing<br /> an ugly light on the way in which a series may be manu.<br /> factured. A well-known author writes to us :<br /> &quot;Some time ago I got an offer to write a book for a small<br /> sum down (I forget how much-say £50), and then, after<br /> the sale of 5000 copies, to receive £1 per 1000 copies as<br /> royalty. I scoated the proposal, as one of the many tentative<br /> ones I have had, to see how many innocent or vain men of<br /> letters could be enticed to work for nothing, and I said so.<br /> After some months the following correspondence ensued,<br /> which I think bighly instructive, and perbaps worth pub-<br /> lishing (1) in order to warn simple people, (2) in order to<br /> test whether my inclosed letter, sent back to me as very<br /> improper, is indeed so objeotionable a document:<br /> “&#039; DEAR SIR, -You may remember that some months ago<br /> I wrote inviting you to contribute to &amp; series of -<br /> Manuals. Mesers. have been distressed to find what<br /> had not been brought to their notice, that, besides the sum<br /> offered for the work, a royalty so small as £i per thousand<br /> after the sale of 5000 copies was proposed. This was, I can<br /> gay, a remnant of the smaller form in which the scheme was<br /> started. I feel it only due to them to stato, even at this late<br /> date, that upon discovery of the error thoy at once autho-<br /> rised me to saggest a royalty much more adequate for a<br /> book reaching a sale of 5000 copies.-Regretting the acoi.<br /> dental oversight, I am yours faithfully, i<br /> «• DEAR SIR,-I am obliged for your further note, and<br /> hope that as Messrs. — have recognised the great<br /> inadequacy of the offer originally made for them, you have<br /> acquainted such authors as were induced to acquiesce therein<br /> Otherwise these poor people will be the<br /> victims of a serious mistake.--I am, yours sincerely,<br /> who declined or were unable to contribute. The sum<br /> offered, down, for the work was approved by the publishers.<br /> But the royalty to be paid after the sale of 5000 copies bad<br /> been overlooked by their literary adviser, and not been<br /> brought before their notice until after some of the proposals<br /> had been made. The pound per thousand was a remnant of<br /> the suheme when it was intended to issue the books at 6d.<br /> For similar books at that price (sold at 4£d.) - ased<br /> to give that royalty with less money down. When it was<br /> decided that the price should be a shilling, this matter was<br /> overlooked not through my mistake or the publishers&#039;.<br /> They were distressed [!] when they found that a farthing a<br /> copy after a book bad proved itself successful bad been<br /> offered. I spontaneously proposed to write to all and<br /> pravent misapprehension. I have taken trouble to make the<br /> whole case plain to you. I have received several replies ;<br /> none, like yours, gratuitously anxious about my “poor<br /> victims.” That you should have oriticised the terms as to<br /> royalty was only proper. But as to the tone and taste of<br /> your last letter-dear, dear! I hope you may wish to put<br /> it in your own fire! All the same, although I have secured<br /> some good writers of note, I could have wished that you<br /> had seen your way to contribate, and that the probable<br /> returns on a shilling book had justified the offer of a more<br /> tempting sum.-I am, yours faithfully, - -&#039;<br /> The correspondence is exceedingly interesting<br /> to all technical writers, men of science, medicine,<br /> theology, &amp;c., and points clearly to the fact that<br /> the same methods are still being pursued upon<br /> wbich the Society of Authors has from time<br /> to time thrown strong light-methods which,<br /> entirely satisfactory to the publisher, afford to<br /> the author but a small return for what must be<br /> the result of a long study. The reason why these<br /> methods are still-pursued and are still successful<br /> lies chiefly in the fact that the authors entrapped<br /> are not in the first instance authors that live by<br /> their pen, but those who, giving a constant and<br /> laborious study to one of the learned professions<br /> or sciences, desire from time to time to proclaim<br /> those studies to the public. With the very best<br /> intentions, therefore, they are constantly under-<br /> selling not only writers in their own profession,<br /> but in the profession of letters generally. In a<br /> small pamphlet issued by the Society of Authors<br /> and circulated largely among educational writers,<br /> dealing with the publication of educational works,<br /> the subject of the sort of agreements that are<br /> offered by publishers has been fully dealt with,<br /> and it would be as well to reprint part of that<br /> statement here.<br /> The agreement, it will be noticed, quoted in the<br /> first paragraph, bas some remarkable features in<br /> common with the agreement in the correspond-<br /> ence. The fact, however, need not necessarily be<br /> deduced that both agreements emanated from the<br /> same publishing house.<br /> DEFERRED ROYALTY.<br /> 1. The worst feature that one observes is the deferred<br /> royalty. Tbe author is induced by the bribe of a small<br /> sum, generally £25, to accept an agreement by which he<br /> actually gives tbe publisher many thousand-say, soven to<br /> ument:<br /> “DEAR SIR,--My recent note needed no acknowledg.<br /> ment, but your reply requires a word of notice. Your kind<br /> hope that I acquainted contributors with the improved terms<br /> is justified. I did so at once before writing to those<br /> <br /> <br /> ## p. 87 (#121) #############################################<br /> <br /> THE AUTHOR.<br /> 87<br /> ten-copies for himself, should the book succeed! After , Or the book might be transferred to some other house<br /> this the author is to have 10. or perhaps 15 per cent. Let where it would conflict with another book on the same<br /> us, remembering that even with books actually carrying subject. Such transfers are not unknown.<br /> great risk the publishers never used to venture on asking Or the publishers might resolve not to re-edit the book in<br /> for more than half profits, consider what this means.<br /> favour of a new one which might sell better.<br /> Most of these works are small books, published at 28. or<br /> half-a-crown. It must be a very expensive little book that,<br /> Right OF AUTHOR TO RE-EDIT.<br /> offered at 28. 6d., would cost more than 6d. to produce in a 13. One additional proviso should be added to the present<br /> large edition of 6000, including advertising. This means notes. In a case where the author sells his copyright, a<br /> an apparent risk of £75. As for the cost of advertising, system of which the Society gravely doubts the expediency,<br /> the sum of £10 spent in advertising means no more than but which perhaps for some reason the author might desire<br /> kd. a volume for an edition of 6000. As educational books to adopt, it is absolutely essential that the author should<br /> are published, the publisher gets about 18. 3d. a copy, or bind the pablisher, in caso a fresh edition is wanted, to give<br /> gd. a copy profit, taking, of course, an average book of the him the option to re-edit upon a fixed notice. The following<br /> size and price ander consideration. So that in, say, 6000 clause appears in a publisher&#039;s agreement where he has pur-<br /> copies he gains £250, less what he advanced the author, chased the copyright:<br /> say £25. In fact, this agreement says, practically, to the “ “ The said author, in consideration of the payments and<br /> author : “ Yours is the book : it is your property, your royalties reserved to him ander this agreement, undertakes,<br /> estate: if I administer it I must have for the first 6000 as occasion may require, to edit new editions of the said<br /> copies nine times your share. Afterwards, at a 10 per work, and supply any new matter that may be necessary to<br /> cent. royalty, I am to have three times your share.&quot;<br /> bring the information contained in the work up to date.&quot;<br /> What is the way to put an end to the acceptance of This is very clumsily expressed. The author, so far as<br /> these one-sided terms ? The first thing is to pour a flood<br /> the words go, binds himself to re-edit, but the publisher, on<br /> of light upon the situation, so that everyone shall clearly the other hand, does not bind himself to ask the author to<br /> understand it. Afterwards to refuse the agreement on sach<br /> do so. If this be the proper construction of the clause, the<br /> terms, and to take the book elsewhere.<br /> author might find himself in the position of having his book<br /> ro-edited by an incompetent hand with no redress.<br /> AMOUNT OF ROYALTIES.<br /> 2. Ten per cent. aged to be considered a very fair royalty. [The above paragraphs are irregularly numbered<br /> This means, however, that with a large sale the publisher owing to the fact that the least important have<br /> generally gets about three times what he gives the author! been cut out owing to pressure of space.]<br /> SMALL Sums PAID TO GREAT SCHOLARS.<br /> Though these warnings still hold good, and<br /> 4. There is a certain series of books, all of which have<br /> should be carefully considered by all those to<br /> run into many thousands of copies. It will hardly be whom the publishers are making offers, yet it is<br /> believed that the publishers have actually offered one of our not these warnings which are especially the<br /> greatest living scholars £35 and £40 respectively for the subject of this paper, but the methods publishers<br /> preparation and editing of two books in this series !<br /> employ to inveigle an author to write for these<br /> BINDING CLAUSES.<br /> &#039;scientific or educational series, and No. 4 of the<br /> 7. The author frequently contracts not to write another &quot;paragraphs printed above is the first step the<br /> book on the subject. We never find, however, the publisher<br /> publisher generally adopts. He offers a price up<br /> entering into a similar contract not to publish another book<br /> to, say, £50 to the best known authority on one of<br /> on the subject. It is essential that either both or neither of<br /> the parties to the contraot should be bound by such a<br /> the subjects of the special series which he is<br /> stipulation.<br /> about to produce, for choice selecting an indivi.<br /> “ODD COPIES.&quot;<br /> dual who is known to the world rather as a<br /> 9. In one case a publisher so far presumed upon the student than as a writer. The person with whom<br /> ignorance of his author as to insert a clause stating that for<br /> he corresponds, sometimes forgetful that the book<br /> “ odd copies&quot; no royalty should be granted ! In other<br /> words, if a bookseller ordered single copies of the work, the<br /> he is asked to write is the result of years of<br /> aathor was to have nothing. Res ipsa loquitur.<br /> research and labour, only for the moment con.<br /> scious that he has the knowledge at his finger<br /> “ 13 AS 12.&quot;<br /> ends, and that the only labour to him is the<br /> 10. In some agreements the royalties have to be<br /> labour of putting it down on paper, at all times<br /> paid on the sale of “13 as 12.” This means knocking<br /> entirely ignorant of the fair market price of his<br /> off 8 per cent. from the author&#039;s profits, and as the pub.<br /> lisher does not sell thirteen copies as twelve except in work and the profits it will bring, accepts the<br /> special cases where a batch is ordered, be must not account proposition without a murmur. The publisher<br /> at this rate as if the practice were universal.<br /> is generally aware that this will be the case, but<br /> SALE OF COPYRIGHT.<br /> on occasions the specialist may demur to the<br /> 12. Perhaps the most unfair clause of these agreements is<br /> terms. He then tries someone else who has an<br /> that which assigns the copyrights of the book to the pub. equally large knowledge of one of the other<br /> lisher. The dangers behind this clause are unbounded. subjects which goes to compose the series until at<br /> Above all things, an educational writer must keep the last a contract is settled. The matter. however.<br /> control of now editions. This he cannot do if the copyright<br /> is in the hands of his publisher, nor can he prevent addi.<br /> is generally settled at the first offer.<br /> tions, alterations, and omissions to the book except by<br /> To all those who are constantly writing either<br /> expensive lawsuits, which may, after all, go against him. on technical subjects or general literary matter<br /> VOL. XI.<br /> M<br /> <br /> <br /> ## p. 88 (#122) #############################################<br /> <br /> 88<br /> THE AUTHOR.<br /> there is considerable experience as to the prices biographer who is writing in order that his<br /> that should be demanded and are readily paid friend&#039;s memory may live. There is the philosopher<br /> by publishers, and the gentleman whose name who wishes to embody the thoughts of a lifetime in<br /> starts the series would be the last, if the matter one volume. There are others of the same kind<br /> was put before him, to crush down or undersell too numerous to mention.<br /> his own profession, but this result unfortunately In many cases the publisher goes to these dis-<br /> happens owing to his ignorance of the current tinguished people and makes them an offer, and<br /> price.<br /> the contract is signed before they can take advice,<br /> The next step in the publisher&#039;s tactics is to or if they take advice, they take the advice of<br /> draw up a prospectus and to issue a circular. those who themselves know nothing of the<br /> This he sends round to the other well-known matter.<br /> students and writers of the different professions, There are some of these distinguished people<br /> or the different branches of study with which he who go direct to the publisher. In this case they<br /> is concerned.<br /> are to a large extent at the mercy of the house<br /> Very often these are men who are writers with which they are dealing, but in all cases a<br /> rather than students, to the same degree as the man who writes a single book falls an easy prey<br /> leader of the series who is already bound was and gets absolutely inadequate terms. Many of<br /> student rather than writer.<br /> these books of memoirs go into numerous editions,<br /> In consequence, he is often met with a remon- and are, even under disadvantageous terms, a pro-<br /> strance at the miserable terms offered and the perty to the author; only by some stray chance<br /> unsatisfactory agreement proposed. The reply his eyes are opened to the fact that with a reason-<br /> of the publisher is ready at once. Mr. --, or able contract he might have obtained at least<br /> Lord — , or Professor , has consented to three times as much as the amount he has<br /> open the series on an agreement similar to the received<br /> one offered, and if these gentlemen can write on It is more difficult for the Society and the<br /> these terms, surely the objector cannot think of Society&#039;s work to reach the author of the one book<br /> asking terms higher than those who with so large than it is to reach the writer in a series, for in a<br /> a reputation have already given their consent. series it often happens that inter-correspondence<br /> Finally, the publisher succeeds in getting his takes place, whereas in the other case the author&#039;s<br /> series completed on a set of contracts highly position is isolated.<br /> satisfactory to himself, but of poor value to the<br /> G. H. Thring.<br /> author. T&#039;he publisher is not to blame.<br /> He trades on the credulity of writers to the<br /> 14-<br /> same extent as other traders do in dealing with<br /> PARIS LETTER.<br /> their customers, but he has one larger factor in<br /> his favour-namely, the ignorance of authors.<br /> To avoid, if possible, the occurrence of the<br /> 4 bis, rue des Beaux Arts.<br /> same tactics, the Society of Authors has from INTERNATIONAL congresses are still a<br /> time to time printed statements analogous to the favourite feature of the great Exhibition.<br /> statements placed here. It is only by spreading<br /> They arouse little enthusiasm here, and<br /> such statements widely that the difficulty can be appear comparatively barren of result. The<br /> avoided, and it is hoped that every writer before Academical Congress-one of the most important<br /> whom this paper falls will endeavour to commu- of the series, to which delegates from all the prin-<br /> nicate it to those other members of his profession cipal European universities were invited-was<br /> who are in ignorance of its substance.<br /> not particularly brilliant. The Fourth Inter-<br /> As a corollary to this it would be as well to national Psychological Congress awoke more inte.<br /> put forward the case of those writers also who rest. It was presided over by M. Ribot, member<br /> for some reason are writers of one book only. of the French Institute and author of the famous<br /> There are hundreds of writers who come within “Maladies de la Mémoire,” “Psychologie des<br /> this category, and nearly all of them fall into Emotions,&quot; &amp;c. M. Charles Richet, of the Revue<br /> the same trap.<br /> Scientifique, was vice-president; while the post<br /> There is, for instance, the man who has lived of secretary-general was filled by M. Pierre Janet,<br /> an active life, and would like to record his supplementary professor of experimental psycho-<br /> memoirs. There is, again, the man who has logy at the Sorbonne, whose able treatises on<br /> attempted to reach the North Pole, and would “Automatisme Psychologique,” “L&#039;Etat mental<br /> like to give a description of his voyage, or the des Hystériques,&quot; &amp;c., have won their author a<br /> man who has crossed South Africa, and would European renown. The congress was sub-divided<br /> like to describe his adventures. There is the into six sections, respectively dealing with com-<br /> ----<br /> <br /> <br /> ## p. 89 (#123) #############################################<br /> <br /> THE AUTHOR.<br /> 89<br /> parative, introspective, experimental, pathologic,<br /> The Grand Prix GOBERT.<br /> hypnotic, and social and criminal psychology. The French Academy has bestowed the Grand<br /> The subject was evidently popular. Authors, Prix Gobert on M. Pierre de La Gorce for his<br /> philosophers, doctors, priests, Jesuits, Dominicans, “Histoire du Second Empire”-an unfinished<br /> physiologists, spiritualists, Brahmins, Hindoos, work which already comprises four ponderous<br /> criminologists, and a goodly number of the fair tomes and fifteen out of the twenty years&#039; reign<br /> sex, attentively followed the somewhat languid of Napoleon III. It is to be hoped that this<br /> discussions which only once kindled into warmth premature recompense will not deter M. de La<br /> during a debate on hypnotic and suggestive Gorce from finishing his undertaking, as was the<br /> psychology<br /> case with two of his predecessors. His history<br /> Twenty-two nations sent representatives to the embraces a period extending from the coup d&#039;état<br /> International Congress of Librarians, presided of 1851 to the morrow of Sadowa. It is written<br /> over by M. Léopold Delisle, general administrator in a masterly style — clear, nervous, animated<br /> of the Bibliothèque Nationale. Its sittings - and well merits the signal honour it has<br /> terminated with the decision that henceforth an received, the Grand Prix Ğobert being one of<br /> International Congress of Librarians should be the most coveted distinctions in the gift of the<br /> held once in every five years. This appears to French Academy. No Academician being allowed<br /> have been its most important motion. Three to compete, Augustin Thierry, the historian,<br /> anonymous donors have offered prizes varying formerly preferred obtaining the Gobert prize to<br /> from twenty to forty pounds for the best memo- donning the palms of the Immortals.<br /> randum on the most efficacious method of destroy. The Goncourt prize has not yet been awarded.<br /> ing the insects which infest books. Intending It will become the property of the author who<br /> .competitors who desire further information on the shall have produced the best prose work of imagi-<br /> subject are asked to communicate with the secre- nation during the course of the present year, the<br /> tary-general of the Librarians&#039; Congress, M. ten members comprising the Goncourt Academy<br /> Henry Martin, Bibliothèque de l&#039;Arsenal, Paris. being judges on this delicate point. In his latest<br /> testament M. de Goncourt further expresses the<br /> A Good YEAR FOR DRAMATISTS AND<br /> desire that this prize be given “à la jeunesse, à<br /> COMPOSERS.<br /> l&#039;originalité, au talent, aux tentatives nouvelles et<br /> The annual report of the Société des Auteurs et hardies de la pensée et de la forme.&quot; A good<br /> Compositeurs Dramatiques states that the Parisian chance for the rising author.<br /> theatres have paid in royalties the sum of<br /> 2,123,847 francs 50 centimes during the year<br /> STAGE LITERATURE.<br /> 1899-1900, being 4276 francs 15 centimes less The lights of the dramatic fraternity are all<br /> than the amount previously registered. The under arms for the approaching Christmas<br /> Departmental theatres have disbursed 968,575 season. M. Abel Hermant “ très snob, délicat,<br /> francs 60 centimes in royalties, showing an la moustache légère,” is established at the Villa<br /> augmentation of 12,372 francs 35 centimes on Bassaraba (Haute-Savoie), engaged on a five-act<br /> the sum paid during the preceding year. The play. That prolific writer, M. Gaston Devore, is<br /> foreign theatres have expended 300,223 francs at Ballaigues (Switzerland), occupied in putting<br /> 70 centimes in royalties, being an advance of the finishing touches to as many as four new<br /> 11,967 francs 15 centimes on the amount regis contributions to stage literature--to wit, “Les<br /> tered in 1898-99. The sixty Parisian cafés. Complaisances,&quot; a five-act play; &quot;La Domes-<br /> concerts have done still better, having paid tique,” a domestic drama in five acts, destined for<br /> 265,742 francs 70 centimes in royalties, showing the Antoine Theatre; “Le Rêve,&quot; a philosophical<br /> an increase of 56,443 francs on the sum paid play written for the Vaudeville; and a drama<br /> during the preceding year. One hundred and dealing with social problems entitled“L&#039;Individu.”<br /> five new associates have been admitted to the M. Marcel Prévost, now at Trondhjem (Norway),<br /> society, and five members have received pensions. has just finished a piece in four acts entitled<br /> The number of pensioners now on the society&#039;s “Unis,” which has been accepted by the manager<br /> books is no fewer than in persons. Six hundred of the Vaudeville Theatre, while M. Jules<br /> new plays have likewise been catalogued by the Chancel is writing a play drawn from M.<br /> society as having been performed either in France Prévost&#039;s two latest novels, “Frédérique&quot; and<br /> or abroad during the year 1899. In short, the “Léa.” The erudite M. Stanislas Rzewuski is<br /> Société des Auteurs et Compositeurs Dramatiques completing two plays commenced long since. The<br /> shows a most praiseworthy budget, and is to be first is a study of modern manners, whose title<br /> congratulated on the success which has attended has not yet been decided on; the second is a<br /> its efforts.<br /> sumptuous historical drama entitled “Louise de<br /> <br /> <br /> ## p. 90 (#124) #############################################<br /> <br /> 90<br /> THE AUTHOR.<br /> San-Felice.” The plot of the latter is laid in accomplished-after twenty years&#039; wrangle there-<br /> Italy at the beginning of the eighteenth century. on. Greater laxity will henceforth be shown in<br /> It depicts the pretended rivalry existing between all Government examinations, and a host of minor<br /> Maria-Carolina of Austria, Queen of Naples, and innovations and simplifications will be admitted-<br /> a fictitious heroine created by the author. The or rather tolerated by the State examiners. The<br /> chivalric General Championnet, the subtle Cima stringent rules respecting the accord between the<br /> rosa, a sphinx-like Horatio Nelson, and the past participle (when construed with the first<br /> beautiful Emma, Duchess of Hamilton, are among auxiliary) and its complement are no longer<br /> the dramatis persona. M. Henri Lavedan is immutable as the laws of the Medes and<br /> likewise engaged on a new play, as are also MM. Persians ; while the ubiquitous hyphen has<br /> Maurice Ordonneau, Pierre Valdagne, Eugène ceased to be a primary necessity. M. Georges<br /> Berteaux, Pierre Wolff, Arthur Bernède, Leygues, Minister of Public Instruction, has<br /> Alexandre Bisson, Henry Kistemaeckers, Antony undoubtedly been lenient ; which leniency has<br /> Mars, Pierre Decourcelle, and others.<br /> given rise to some lively discussion. In an able-<br /> and interesting article on the subject, published<br /> MEMORANDUM DE BARBEY D&#039;AUREVILLY. in the Revue des Deux Mondes, M. Brunetière<br /> “Le Premier Memorandum de Barbey d&#039;Aure. sensibly remarks : “A language is an historical<br /> villy,” now published by Lemerre, is anterior by formation; and in its history the only facts to<br /> twenty years to the volume issued in 1883 under be taken into account are the works of the great<br /> the same title. The present edition records the writers.” M. Leygues is evidently of the same<br /> mode of life and daily impressions of the great opinion.<br /> French writer during his early youth. The<br /> New PUBLICATIONS.<br /> analytic talent which won him fame in later “Blancador l&#039;Avantageux,&quot; by M. Maurice<br /> years is here clearly apparent, scenes and persons Maindron ; “ Edition définitive de Balzac,” which<br /> being portrayed with the minute precision of a edition comprises fifty volumes (chez Ollendorff);<br /> Pepys and the psychological intuition of a “ La Vie à Paris (1899),” being a continuation of<br /> Bourget. In one of Count Fleury&#039;s latest works, the annual collection of daily articles by M. Jules<br /> “ Louis XV. intime et les petites maîtresses,” a Claretie (chez Charpentier); “La Charpente,” a<br /> list is given of the natural children and descen- social study by M. J. H. Rosny (à la Revue<br /> dants of that monarch. Among the latter figures Blanche); “ Les Victimes Grimacent !” by M.<br /> the name of Barbey d&#039;Aurevilly.<br /> Frédéric Boutet, a novel dealing with the vices of<br /> The second volume of the late Francisque the classes and the misery of the masses; a trans-<br /> Sarcey&#039;s “ Quarante ans de théâtre ” has just been lation from the Polish of the famous “Quo.<br /> issued by the library of “Les Annales politiques Vadis ? ” of M. H. Sienkiewicz; “Les Rois du<br /> et littéraires.&quot; It is devoted to appreciating Ruisseau,” by M. Maurice Astier, being a detailed<br /> the works of Molière, and the classic school account of the manners, customs, and habits of<br /> represented by Regnard, Marivaux, and Beau. that curious biped, le chiffonnier—the French “rag<br /> marchais, also of Le Sage, Piron, Gresset, Favart, and bone” man (Libraire du Livre Moderne);<br /> and Sedaine. No man ever had a keener percep and the “ Mémoires de Rossignol,” ex-police<br /> tion than Sarcey of the perplexities wbich beset the inspector, a terrible narrative of the crimes,<br /> dramatic critic&#039;s path. “ The theatrical critic,&quot; passions, and weaknesses of the darker side of<br /> wrote “the good uncle” on one occasion, “must humanity.<br /> DARRACOTTE SCOTT.<br /> also have his scale of proportion understood by<br /> the public. But what shall it be? This is a grave<br /> question, and one more difficult to resolve than is<br /> generally imagined. To crush M. d&#039;Ennery under<br /> NOTES AND NEWS.<br /> the name of Corneille, to measure MM. Marc-<br /> Michel and Labiche with Beaumarchais would DROFESSOR DOWDEN suggests in Litera.<br /> be an absurdity, if not an injustice. But on the P ture the celebration of the opening of the<br /> other hand, are all souvenirs of the past, all the<br /> 20th century by an “adequate” history<br /> conditions of antique art, to be cast asideas of English literature. If the Professor would<br /> has been done with the ell and other ancient elaborate the scheme for such a history it<br /> measures ?”<br /> would be a practical step. Perhaps no one<br /> could be found among the critics of the day<br /> ORTHOGRAPHY AND SYNTAX REFORM.<br /> who would be more generally accepted as the<br /> The reform of French orthography and the editor of such a work. It would be a colossal<br /> abolition of the incomprehensible “ chinoiseries &quot; undertaking, but the success of other great<br /> of the old French grammar have at last been undertakings—the “Encyclopædia Britannica&quot;<br /> <br /> <br /> ## p. 91 (#125) #############################################<br /> <br /> THE AUTHOR.<br /> 91<br /> and of the antiquary we should have a judicious<br /> blend. Let us seriously consider the formation of<br /> such a company.<br /> for instance, and the “ Dictionary of Biography&quot;<br /> -should be an encouragement. I would suggest<br /> the formation of a company for the purpose. The<br /> capital required would depend upon the scheme<br /> itself—the number of volumes necessary; the<br /> payment of contributors; the office expenses;<br /> the price of the work when complete and in<br /> parts. Thus there would be:<br /> (1) The preliminary expenses.<br /> (2) The expenses of office rent, clerks, &amp;c.<br /> (3) The editor&#039;s salary.<br /> (4) The pay of the contributors.<br /> (5) Cost of printing, paper, binding, &amp;c.<br /> The volumes would have to be issued regularly<br /> at intervals of a quarter. From certain rough<br /> calculations I believe that the whole expense<br /> would amount to less than £2000 a volume of the<br /> size of the “ Dictionary of National Biography.&quot;<br /> How many volumes would Professor Dowden åsk<br /> for?<br /> As regards the success, we must remember that<br /> the establishment everywhere of the free library<br /> greatly helps the production and lessens the risk<br /> of embarking in these large enterprises. We<br /> might expect a thousand copies at least to be<br /> taken up by the free libraries all over the English.<br /> speaking world, provided that the work was not<br /> only written by scholars, but also by attractive<br /> writers. There would be no publisher behind<br /> it: the company would be an ordinary trading<br /> company. I believe not only that it would be a<br /> most useful contribution to the history of litera-<br /> ture, but that it would be immensely successful.<br /> I beg to invite very serious attention to the<br /> warning under the head of Literary Property. It<br /> is directed against the practice, common with one<br /> or two minor publishers, of inserting a clause in<br /> the agreement promising the publisher the<br /> author&#039;s next two books! Anything more foolish<br /> than to accede to the impudent demand it is<br /> difficult to imagine. Does a physician make a<br /> patient promise to come to him with his next two<br /> ailments? Does a solicitor bind down a client<br /> for his next two cases ? It comes to this : that<br /> although an author may be fleeced and robbed by<br /> his publisher, he will go to him twice more!<br /> Great as may be the desire to see oneself in print,<br /> there should be, one would think, some restrain.<br /> ing force in self-respect. WALTER BESANT.<br /> THE COMING SEASON.<br /> 1<br /> \HE following is a classification of the books<br /> announced in the Athenæum between<br /> Aug. 18 and Sept. 29 inciusive:<br /> The publishers represented are Messrs. George<br /> Allen, Burns and Oates, Chambers, Constable,<br /> Clark, Chatto and Windus, Cambridge University<br /> Press, Cassell, Clarendon Press, Dent, Duckworth,<br /> Heinemann, Hutchinson, Methuen, Macmillan,<br /> Maclehose, Marshall, Richards, Sampson Low,<br /> Sonnenschein, Seeley, Skeffington, Unwin, Whit-<br /> aker, Wells Gardner, Black, Rivington, Chapman<br /> and Hall, Matthews, and Bemrose. The list is<br /> not therefore complete, but there are not many<br /> left of the publishers worth considering.<br /> The result is interesting. It comes out as<br /> follows:<br /> . Works announced.<br /> Theology ...<br /> ......... 98<br /> History and Biography ..............<br /> Travel ......<br /> Science ..........<br /> Scholarship .............................<br /> Philosophy<br /> Law<br /> Political Economy<br /> Essays ......<br /> Fiction ........<br /> .................. 164<br /> Children&#039;s books ......................... 30<br /> Poetry and Plays......<br /> ............ 29<br /> There are a few difficult to classify. There are<br /> also translations and new editions which are not<br /> entered in the above list. In connection with this<br /> list it will be interesting to watch and to classify<br /> the books which appear from day to day in the<br /> 114<br /> One thing is most important. I am sure that<br /> Professor Dowden would agree in my contention<br /> that it is a great mistake to suppose that because<br /> a man has written poetry or fiction with more or<br /> less success, he is therefore a critic.<br /> &quot;The critical<br /> The critical<br /> faculty is not the same as the imaginative; one<br /> might even go further and say that the develop-<br /> ment of the critical power tends to destroy the<br /> imagination. There are at the present moment<br /> half-a-dozen critics who stand in the front rank.<br /> It would be invidious to mention their names,<br /> Not one of these has distinguished himself<br /> by any imaginative work. On the other hand,<br /> there are as many writers on literature, writers of<br /> appreciation, who are most attractive and delight-<br /> ful, yet are not critics. There are also anti-<br /> quaries who collect facts and figures and write<br /> about them, but they are not critics. Of the<br /> gentlemen who write “reviews,” log roll and<br /> depreciate, set up little cénacles and make a fuss,<br /> I do not speak, because the editor of this great<br /> work will assuredly have none of them. But of<br /> the true critic and of the man who can appreciate<br /> ............<br /> ......<br /> <br /> <br /> ## p. 92 (#126) #############################################<br /> <br /> 92<br /> THE AUTHOR.<br /> morning papers as “ Publications of the Day.&quot; M. Hebrard, of Le Temps ; England, Mr. S.<br /> One notes that the publishers of fiction seem to Campion, J.P., of the Northampton Mercury,<br /> be decreasing in number. Seven publishers bave Miss G. B. Stuart being the English secretary ;<br /> 120 novels between them.<br /> Germany, Hans Tournier; America, Mr. Young;<br /> There follows next the somewhat delicate ques Sweden, M. Beckman; Hungary, M. Joseph<br /> tion: how many of these books will pay ? This Veszi. The abstention of a goodly number of<br /> involves the question : how many are paid for by well-known French journalists from being present<br /> their authors ?<br /> proved that, like the Institute of Journalists in<br /> We may rank them in four classes :<br /> England, they have their little dissensions amongst<br /> * 1. Those which are quite certain to allow of a themselves. M. Jean Bernard again brought<br /> large edition or several editions with a good margin. forward his project for making the staff of a<br /> 2. Those which will allow of a single edition newspaper participators in the profits; at Rome<br /> with a small margin.<br /> he argued warmly for this, and he was now<br /> 3. Those which are doubtful.<br /> requested to draw up a report upon the subject-<br /> 4. Those which will not pay expenses, unless an interesting but somewhat impossible proposi.<br /> the reader&#039;s judgment is wholly incompetent. tion. M. Taunay, the energetic and ever-affable<br /> It would, of course, be invidious to name the general secretary, then brought forward his<br /> books which belong to any of the four classes. report upon a card of identity for journa-<br /> It is, however, noteworthy that, taking only lists, members of the various societies affiliated<br /> fiction, no fewer than sixty belong undoubtedly to the International Bureau. Armed with<br /> to the first class, while the second class is this card the journalist in any country is<br /> represented in fiction alone by about sixty more. to address himself to the representatives of<br /> What is wanted by writers of the first and second the committee of direction, or to the local<br /> classes is to remember that they have property associations, correspondents of the Bureau, and<br /> in their hands as real as, say, horses or cattle, he will have all facilities given him as a local<br /> which are, like most books, perishable. The journalist. The question of tariff for the post of<br /> whole parade and pretence about risk, office ex. newspapers was next considered, Signor Berger<br /> penses, and percentages should be pushed aside. arguing that the cost should never exceed two<br /> The only question is on what terms the adminis. centimes, instead of five, for international<br /> iration of the property should be granted, or at postage, and a half, or at most one, centime for<br /> what price it should be sold.<br /> interior postage; and the Bureau was authorised<br /> to take up negotiations with the various Govern. ,<br /> ments to obtain some reductions in the tariffs.<br /> The subject of telegraph tariffs was again intro-<br /> THE SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL PRESS<br /> duced by Señor de Berazza, the Spanish dele.<br /> CONGRESS.<br /> gate, and he was able to announce that, in<br /> By JAMES BAKER, F.R.G.S.<br /> addition to the conventions between France and<br /> Spain, Luxembourg, and Portugal, this year<br /> INHE meeting this year was arranged for under certain conditions the convention and<br /> T Paris, to coincide with the Great Exhibi. restriction had been agreed to between France<br /> tion; and at Rome last year great were the and England, but Italy still failed to fall into<br /> rumours of what this Congress was to be. How line, while pourparlers were still going on with<br /> it was to eclipse all former Congresses in work and Sweden and Norway.<br /> in play, in hospitality and in excursions; one Following this a discussion occurred on<br /> excursion, it was hinted, would include Algiers. an abbreviated code for telegrams, and a<br /> But there is a French proverb of few words, prize is to be offered for the best working<br /> L&#039;Homme propose mais Dieu dispose, and not code. The other subjects discussed included<br /> only the fates, but the weather, seemed to defeat the constitution of an international tribunal of<br /> the generously hospitable aims of the French arbitration for journalistic matters. Upon<br /> organisers.<br /> this a brisk discussion ensued, and a M.<br /> On the first morning of the Congress the news Rouzier claimed attention for a tribunal to<br /> arrived of the assassination of King Humbert, settle disputes between directors of journals and<br /> and so all official entertainments were cancelled, reporters. Tbe evergreen, but never settled,<br /> and the President of the Republic was not subject (either in England or with the inter-<br /> present at the opening séance in the Amphi. nationalists) of a school of journalism was brought<br /> théâtre of the Sorbonne. At the first business up by M. Bernard under the presidency of<br /> meeting on the following morning the presidents M. Beckman, the learned Swedish delegate.<br /> for each nation were elected—viz., for France, The Belgian delegate, Heinzman-Savino, declared<br /> <br /> <br /> ## p. 93 (#127) #############################################<br /> <br /> THE AUTHOR.<br /> 93<br /> that the quickest way to vulgarise the teaching right to it and may do what he chooses with it-<br /> of journalism, or at least of certain subjects e.g., sell it for publication with or without the<br /> necessary to journalism, was to obtain the estab. author&#039;s name? This might certainly not be<br /> lishment of courses upon the subjects in the agreeable to the author of the matter in question,<br /> universities. At Heidelberg already Professor but what is the law ?<br /> DusTMAN.<br /> Koch has a journalistic course. The final [The case quoted above is sadly wanting in<br /> subject discussed was the rights of illustrators, legal exactness, and it is exceedingly difficult to<br /> and M. Janzon proposed that the central com. give a definite opinion on it. The finder might<br /> mittee make a study of the status of the journalist have a right to sell the paper with the writing<br /> in various countries. At the conclusion of the upon it, but certainly not the right of publication.<br /> work Mr. P. W. Clayden, the English president, The publication of a MS. is an entirely distinct<br /> gave a formal invitation to the Congress from the property, and cannot be thus dealt with.-G. H.<br /> city of Glasgow to assemble there in 1901. This THRING.]<br /> invitation was referred to the Central Bureau.<br /> It would be as well for the Congress to meet in<br /> Great Britain, and for once to adopt English<br /> LITERARY CAREERS MADE EASY.<br /> rules of debate. The Je demande la parole of<br /> gentlemen who have already spoken a dozen times In the old-fashioned days when a man wrote a book,<br /> delays real progress.<br /> That was all there was for him to do ;<br /> If they made it worth while for the author he took<br /> The English papers prepared for the Congress<br /> were: by Mr. F. Dolman, on “The Advantages<br /> Up bis pen and reeled off something new.<br /> of International Association,&quot; an advantage which<br /> Bat to-day, when a man writes a book tbat&#039;s a hit,<br /> Why, that&#039;s jast made a sort of a start,<br /> is immense, as I have proved in such countries as For he has to write others explaining how it<br /> Poland, Galicia, &amp;c.; and a well-written, eloquent Came out of his houd and his heart.<br /> paper on “Ideals of Journalism,&quot; by Mr. S. He must tell how he thought of the story and when-<br /> Campion, in which he pleaded that the Press How many words daily he wrote -<br /> should not become a cloaca maxima ; that evils If he set down the lines with a pencil or pen-<br /> and festering sores of humanity should be treated<br /> These are things he must carefully note.<br /> with the surgeon&#039;s knife, and not “ with the He must give us the names of the people he took<br /> lingering affection of gbouls for fætid corrup-<br /> For nis models, and nothing omic !<br /> tion.&quot;<br /> In these days when a man makes a bit with a book<br /> He can write all his life about it!<br /> The social functions were, alas, almost oblite-<br /> Chicago Times-Herald.<br /> rated ; and as if Nature also worked against<br /> the French organisers, the great representation in<br /> the Théâtre d’Orange in the Dauphiné-to which<br /> BOOK AND PLAY TALK.<br /> and the Loire district excursions were organised<br /> -was terribly marred by an awful mistral that<br /> LITERARY concerns are for the moment in<br /> in August froze the spectators. Other excursions<br /> were to Chantilly and Pierrefonds, to Sèvres and<br /> 1 tbe background, like everything else that<br /> Versailles, so that the Congressites enjoyed much<br /> is not politics. But the General Election<br /> has drawn an unusual number of writers before<br /> hue<br /> refreshment after their polyglottic labours.<br /> Death has been terribly busy with the members<br /> The electors. Up to the time of writing, we<br /> of the bureau during the past two years, and since<br /> observe among the candidates for Parliamentary<br /> the Rome meeting two excellent confrères-<br /> honours Dr. Conan Doyle, Mr. Gilbert Parker,<br /> Mr. Henry Norman, Sir George Scott Robertson,<br /> Signors Bonfadini and Torelli-Viollier—have<br /> Mr. H. J. Mackinder, and Mr. Mullett Ellis.<br /> passed onward ; let me end with this word of<br /> homage to their memory.<br /> Mr. Anthony Hope Hawkins was among the<br /> number, but he has been obliged owing to sudden<br /> illness to withdraw the candidature he had<br /> contemplated.<br /> CORRESPONDENCE.<br /> Mr. Alexander Michie, the well-known authority<br /> on China, has written å life of Sir Rutherford<br /> A QUERY.<br /> Alcock, in which is narrated the progress made<br /> TF a man throws a thing away, to whom does it by Engli<br /> to whom does it.. by Englishmen in that country during the past<br /> j legally belong? Surely the finder. Following sixty years. The subject of the biography was,<br /> this reasoning, am I right in supposing that of course, at one time British Minister in Peking.<br /> if an author writes something and then throws it The third volume of Professor S. R. Gardiner&#039;s<br /> away, any person who happens to find it has a legal history of the Commonwealth and Protectorate<br /> <br /> <br /> ## p. 94 (#128) #############################################<br /> <br /> 94<br /> THE AUTHOR.<br /> may be looked for early next year. Mr. Morley&#039;s<br /> biography of Cromwell will be published by<br /> Messrs. Macmillan during the present month.<br /> Mr. H. J. Mackinder, who last year made the<br /> first ascent of Mount Kenya, narrates this<br /> remarkable achievement in a volume which Mr.<br /> Heinemann will publish shortly.<br /> The 23rd inst. is the date fixed for the produc-<br /> tion of Mr. Zapgwill&#039;s new novel, “ The Mantle<br /> of Elijah ” (Heinemann).<br /> Mr. Gilbert Parker&#039;s tales of Pontiac, entitled<br /> “ The Lane that Had no Turning,&quot; and Mrs.<br /> Steel&#039;s new novel, “ The Hosts of the Lord,” will<br /> be published about the middle of this month by<br /> Mr. Heinemann.<br /> A new story by Miss Carey, entitled “Rue with<br /> a Difference,” will be published on Oct. 2, and<br /> one by Miss Charlotte M. Yonge, entitled<br /> “Modern Broods,&quot; on Oct. 5, both by Messrs.<br /> Macmillan.<br /> A volume of stories by the Rev. W. J. Dawson<br /> is being published by Mr. Grant Richards under<br /> the title “ The Doctor Speaks.” ,<br /> A new edition of Mr. Whistler&#039;s “ The Gentle<br /> Art of Making Enemies” will be published<br /> shortly. The work has been out of print.<br /> A new work by Deas Cromarty, entitled “The<br /> Heart of Babylon,&quot; will be published shortly by<br /> Messrs. Horace Marshall and Son.<br /> The first volume of Professor Saintsbury&#039;s<br /> sbury&#039;s<br /> “ History of Criticism and Literary Taste from<br /> the Earliest Times to the Present Day” will be<br /> published shortly by Messrs. Blackwood.<br /> Mr Charles G. Harper has added to his series<br /> of books on our great highways two volumes on<br /> “ The Great North Road.” These will be pub.<br /> lished by Messrs. Chapman and Hall, and will<br /> contain numerous illustrations.<br /> Mr. Frank T. Bullen&#039;s work on “The Men of<br /> the Merchant Service” will be published on<br /> Oct. 10 by Messrs. Smith, Elder, and Co.<br /> : “ Webs of Mystery&quot; is the title of Mr. John<br /> G. Rowe&#039;s first book. It is a volume of detective<br /> stories, and is published by Messrs. Walter Scott<br /> Limited. The young author has also written a<br /> five-act drama, which is likely to be produced<br /> shortly by a well-known provincial actor-manager,<br /> and is at present busy revising his new novel<br /> “A King of Busbrangers,&quot; already published<br /> serially, for book form.<br /> Mr. Albert Lee, who wrote “ The Gentleman<br /> Pensioner,&quot; which was so successful in this<br /> country and in America, has just completed a new<br /> historical romance entitled “ The Emperor&#039;s<br /> Trumpeter,” dealing with the downfall of Robes-<br /> pierre and the military career of Bonaparte. It<br /> will first appear as a serial in the new volume of<br /> Young England.<br /> The following are among the forthcoming<br /> publications of Mr. John C. Nimmo: “The<br /> Amusements of Old London,&quot; in two volumes,<br /> being a survey of the sports and pastimes, tea<br /> gardens and parks, playhouses, and other diver-<br /> sions of the people of London from the 17th to the<br /> beginning of the 19th century, by W. B. Boulton ;<br /> « English Historical Memoirs is (1 volumes).<br /> by John Heneage Jesse; “ Reminiscences of a<br /> Falconer,&quot; by Major Charles Hawkins Fisher;<br /> and “A History of Steeplechasing,&quot; by William<br /> C. A. Blew, M.Ă.<br /> Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall, and Co. will publish<br /> Mr. C. H. Malcolm&#039;s new novel “Robert Kane&quot;<br /> about the second week of this month, at the<br /> published price of 38. 6d.<br /> Mr. Reynolds-Ball gives an account of his<br /> recent cycling experiences among the Piedmontese<br /> Alps in a long and admirably illustrated article<br /> in the September issue of the Cyclists&#039; Touring<br /> Club Gazette.<br /> The Oxford University Press, which is exhibit.<br /> ing in three different groups at the Paris Exhibi.<br /> tion, has gained the unique distinction of being<br /> awarded three Grands Prix-one each for higher<br /> education, book-binding, and Oxford India paper.<br /> Derek Vane&#039;s new novel, “ Ye shall be as<br /> Gods,&quot; will run as a serial in Great Thoughts,<br /> beginning in October, before heing published in<br /> volume form. It deals with a curious develop-<br /> ment of character in a woman who has elected to<br /> live apart from the world, and shows how a feeble<br /> nature may live on and absorb a strong one.<br /> Her Majesty the Queen has been graciously<br /> pleased to accept a copy of the new musical novel<br /> (published by Sands and Co.) entitled “A 439:<br /> being the Autobiography of a Piano,&quot; written<br /> gratuitously by “Twenty-five Musical Scribes.”<br /> The profits go entirely to the orphanage of the<br /> Incorporated Society of Musicians, which was<br /> founded at the time of Her Majesty&#039;s first jubilee.<br /> A letter, dated the 21st ult., from the private<br /> secretary, to the editor, Mr. Algernon Rose, says<br /> that “ The Queen desires her thanks to be<br /> returned for the book.”<br /> Mr. Isaac Henderson, author of the Criterion<br /> comedy entitled “The Silent Battle.&quot; has written<br /> a new play, called “The Mummy and the<br /> Humming Top,” for Mr. Wyndham. The first<br /> production at Wyndham&#039;s Theatre, however, will<br /> be the new play in four acts by Mr. Henry Arthur<br /> puuro Charles G. Hart highways two will be<br /> rhet uitously by &quot;ography of a entitled &quot;A 430<br /> --<br /> --<br /> <br /> <br /> ## p. 95 (#129) #############################################<br /> <br /> THE AUTHOR.<br /> 95<br /> or<br /> especial benefit to conductors, and secretaries of<br /> provincial musical societies desiring information<br /> concerning suitable orchestral works by British<br /> composers, or information regarding British<br /> soloists and players generally.<br /> BOOKS AND REVIEWS.<br /> (In these columns notes on books are given from reviews<br /> which carry weight, and are not, 80 far as can be learned,<br /> logrollers.)<br /> Jones, in which Mr. Wyndham (in the part of an<br /> eminent lawyer), Miss Lena Ashwell, and Miss<br /> Mary Moore will appear.<br /> Mr. Haddon Chambers has written a new play<br /> for Mr. Alexander.<br /> In Mr. Tree&#039;s production at Her Majesty&#039;s of<br /> “Herod the Great,” Mr. Stephen Phillips&#039;s poetic<br /> drama, the following will be in the cast : Miss<br /> Maud Jeffries, Mrs. Crowe, Miss Calhoun, Mr.<br /> C. W. Somerset, and Mr. King Hedley.<br /> Mrs. Patrick Campbell will reopen the Royalty<br /> Theatre on Oct. 8.<br /> Mr. Jobn Farrington and Mr. A. H. Canby will<br /> reopen Terry&#039;s Theatre in a few days with the<br /> play by Charles H. Hoyt, entitled “A Parlour<br /> Match.&quot;<br /> Among the new plays in London during<br /> September were “The Scarlet Sin,” by Mr.<br /> George R. Sims and Mr. Arthur Shirley, at the<br /> Crown, Peckham; “ Self and Lady,” by M. Pierre<br /> Decourcelle, at the Vaudeville ; “The Price of<br /> Peace,&quot; by Mr. Cecil Raleigh, at Drury Lane;<br /> and Mr. Barrie&#039;s “ The Wedding Guest” at the<br /> Garrick.<br /> The new play at the Lyceum by Mr. Seymour<br /> Hicks and Mr. F. Latham, which is to be pro-<br /> duced on Oct. 6, is called “For Auld Lang Syne.”<br /> Mr. William Mollison, Miss Lily Hanbury (as a<br /> hospital nurse), Miss Fanny Brough, Mr. W. L.<br /> Abingdon, and Mr. Leonard Boyne will play the<br /> principal parts.<br /> Mr. F. R. Benson&#039;s company will open its<br /> second season in London at the Comedy on<br /> Dec. 19. On three nights of each week the stage<br /> will be held by the German company, the Benson<br /> company occupying the remaining three nights<br /> and two matinées.<br /> Under the patronage of Her Royal Highness<br /> the Princess of Wales, the Westminster Orchestral<br /> Society is about to commence its sixteenth season.<br /> At the forthcoming orchestral concert, the pro-<br /> gramme will, as usual, include several new works<br /> of interest by British composers. In response to<br /> the wish of many music lovers resident in the<br /> country to assist in the patriotic and valuable<br /> work the society has so long carried forward,<br /> the committee have decided to enrol a limited<br /> number of country members at a nominal fee of<br /> half a guinea a year, in return for which sub-<br /> scription such members are entitled to receive<br /> the society&#039;s i ublications, and, when visiting<br /> London, the privileges of one-guinea members.<br /> Applications should be addressed to the hon.<br /> secretary, Mr. Algernon Rose, Town Hall, West-<br /> minster. Such membership should be found of<br /> AN INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH POLITICS, by John M.<br /> Robertson (Richards, 108. 6d.) is, says the Times, “ an ambi.<br /> tious, and it is fair to add, a clever book.” The Daily<br /> News begins by describing it as &quot;a very eloquent, striking,<br /> powerful, but not convincing book,&quot; and concludes by saying<br /> that“ the English politics to which Mr. Robertson&#039;s long,<br /> depressing survey is an Introduction are not those of bound.<br /> less hope in the future, as all true Liberal politics must be,<br /> but are much more like the politics of oynical disbelief in<br /> the wisdom which guides mankind.”<br /> PRINCE CHARLES EDWARD, by Andrew Lang (Goupil,<br /> 638. net), is &quot;an admirable piece of work,” says the Times,<br /> and “ a real contribution to historical knowledge.” For the<br /> first time the Stuart papers at Windsor Castle have been<br /> thoroughly examined, and they form the basis of the<br /> volume. Mr. Lang, says the Spectator, “has never been<br /> more happily inspired than in this study of the broken life-<br /> story of one who will always be a premier figure in romance<br /> -the last conspicuous prince of an ill-fated house and the<br /> centre of a movement wbich he did not comprehend. He<br /> has given as the severe truth, leaving no source unsearched.<br /> to find the facts of a difficult career, and at the same time-<br /> he has invested the whole narrativa, splendid and sordid,<br /> with an unreal fairy-tale atmosphere, which is the true one.&quot;<br /> The Daily Chronicle refera to the account of the little-<br /> known engagement at Falkirk &quot; as “an excellent example of<br /> Mr. Lang&#039;s descriptive style.&quot;<br /> THROUGH THE FIRST ANTARCTIC NIGHT, by Frederick.<br /> A. Cook, MD. (Heinemann, 208.), gives, says Literature,<br /> “a striking and graphic account of the voyage of the<br /> Belgica. The book, in fact, strikes us as a work of greater<br /> merit than the expedition itself, which seems, if we correctly<br /> anderstand Dr. Cook, to have been led in a rather a muddle..<br /> beaded manner.” “His book is interesting as, to use his<br /> own words, &#039; a contribution of new human experience in a.<br /> new inhuman world of ice.&#039; ... As a rule there is a<br /> certain air of jollity in the stories of those who have<br /> wintered in the regions of ice and darkness. It is otherwise<br /> with Dr. Cook and his companions. Even Ovid in his exile<br /> on the shores of the inhospitable Euxine was not so sorry<br /> for himself as they were.” The Times points out that the<br /> expedition, which was of Belgian origin, was the first that<br /> over wintered in the South Polar area. One fourth of Dr.<br /> Cook&#039;s narrative relates to South America.<br /> HAMPSHIRE, WITH THE ISLE OF WIGHT, by George A. B.<br /> Dewar (Dent, 48. 6d. net), is bighly praised by the Daily.<br /> Chronicle, which anticipates that the reader&#039;s verdict will<br /> be: “Never had I believed Hampshire so interesting.”<br /> Besides Mr. De war, five other writers, specialists in botany,<br /> entomology, geology, &amp;c., take charge of these departments.<br /> “The writers&#039; main business,&quot; says the Times,“ has been to<br /> describe towns, villages, the historic houses, and the roads,<br /> and the way in which they have done it should set an<br /> example to those who will undertake the other volumes ” of<br /> this series of county histories.<br /> <br /> <br /> ## p. 96 (#130) #############################################<br /> <br /> 96<br /> THE AUTHOR.<br /> THE WHISTLING Maid, by Ernest Rhys (Hutobinson,<br /> 68.), “sets forth with real charm of expression and an<br /> unfailing sense of the picturesque,&quot; says the Spectator,<br /> &quot;the adventures on field and flood of a young Welsh damsel<br /> of high degree.” The Daily Chronicle characterises it as<br /> genuine romance—&quot;a romance written, not from the point<br /> of view of the chap-book and the county bistory, but as a<br /> the result of a true and sensitive romantic spirit, a work, in<br /> a word, of spontaneous and sincere artistry.&quot; Similarly the<br /> Literary World, which adds: “There is no more charming<br /> creation in modern literature than the heroine, Luned, the<br /> maid of the silver pipe, who leaves ber bome wben the raid<br /> is made upon it, and, attired in boy&#039;s clothing, rides<br /> through trackless forest country to find ber father, and<br /> bring him to the rescue.&quot;<br /> SENATOR NORTH, by Gertrude Atherton (Lane, 68.), is<br /> &quot;essentially an American story,&quot; says tbe Daily News.<br /> “It deals with the political and social life of Washington.”<br /> There is in the story a &quot;terrible tragedy that shows how<br /> beavy lies the shadow of the curse apon the blacks in the<br /> Southern States. Mrs. Atherton&#039;s pages are crowded<br /> with portraits of men and women in various grades of<br /> society. These portraits are very clean cut.” The Spectator<br /> says that “Mrs. Atherton&#039;s portrait of the beautiful bat<br /> unbappy balf-breed, with her abiding melancholy, her social<br /> ambitions, her strange lapses into vulgar barbarism, and<br /> her fatal mendacity, is of painfully engrossing interest.&quot;<br /> “She writes of humanity,” says the Daily Telegraph, “but<br /> it is of humanity at its best, and sbe has achieved å very<br /> great and noticeable success;&quot; and the Daily Chronicle<br /> describes the work as “ full of intellect, of character, and of<br /> movement.&quot;<br /> THE MAN THAT CORRUPTED HADLEYBURG, by Mark<br /> Twain (Chatto, 68.), contains, says the Spectator, &quot; a quantity<br /> of excellent mixed reading.&quot; &quot;Whatever the theme or its<br /> treatment, it is good to notice that there is not the slightest<br /> trace of fatigue in the mind of the writer.” “The whole,&quot;<br /> says the Daily News, “forms a welcome addition to the<br /> light literature of the day.” For there are all sorts of<br /> things in the book, echoes of Austrian Parliamente, of the<br /> Dreyfus case, of the author&#039;s experiences in the American<br /> Civil War, of Christian science, and a score of other<br /> subjects. The story that gives the title to the volume<br /> (“ only Mark Twain could have conceived the idea,&quot; says<br /> the Daily Telegraph) is described in the Literary World as<br /> *• a satire of the biting kind.” Of the book as a whole,<br /> the Daily Chronicle says : “ The old friend is here in the<br /> old familiar spirit, excellent company, perennially youthful.”<br /> SONS OF THE MORNING, by Eden Phillpotts (Methuen,<br /> 68.), is described by the Daily Chronicle as “excellent<br /> fiction.” The idea and central thread of the story (which<br /> is laid in Devonshire) is &quot;&amp; sweet and strong young<br /> farnieress, in love with two good men at once-a situation<br /> 80 frequent with women in real life, so rarely handled in<br /> books.&quot; &quot;The courting of Henery Collins has some excellent<br /> humour in it”; and the depths of the book &quot;are concerned<br /> with the most fascinating subject, witchcraft.” The work<br /> is described by the Spectator as “ earnest in aim and careful<br /> in workmanship.”<br /> The Fourth GENERATION, by Sir Walter Besant<br /> (Chatto, 68.), is a story of the present day, and “touches<br /> the old problem of beredity; but it faces that problem,&quot;<br /> says Literature, “ in the spirit of the practical man of the<br /> world.” The conseqaences of the crime of an ancestor of<br /> Leonard Campaigne,&quot; and the fortunes of his descendants<br /> as they touch the life of Leonard, are described and followed<br /> with all the skill of a master in the art of story-telling, ap<br /> to the moment when the stain is wiped out, and the<br /> momentam, as it were, of the crime exhausted, by the<br /> marriage of the descendant of the morderer to the descen.<br /> dant of his victim.” “The story is finely proportioned,”<br /> says the Daily News; &quot; its action never flags.&quot; “ Charac-<br /> ters are sharply drawn,” says the World, “and treated,<br /> too, with a pleasant, whimsical humour.”<br /> THE SOFT SIDE, by Henry James (Methaen, 68.), con.<br /> tains twelve studies, which, rays Literature, “will probably<br /> make new converts to his cult. Each story possesses to a<br /> high degree the sensitiveness and detachment which one<br /> generally finds in his works.” “How restful,” says the<br /> Daily Chronicle,&quot; the sense of being in the best circle&#039; all<br /> the time.&quot; The Spectator allows that “as a virtuoso of<br /> transcendental morbidity Mr. James claims anstinted<br /> admiration.&quot;<br /> THE GATELESS BARRIER, by Lucas Malet (Methuen, 68.),<br /> is described by tbe Daily News as a “boaatifal and eerie<br /> story.” “Lucas Malet has never done as a bit of artistic<br /> work anything more refined and delicate.&quot; It is the story<br /> of the love of a living man for a lovely ghost. It is told,<br /> says the Times, &quot;with a sense of style and a dramatic<br /> vigoar that make it a pleasure to read.” “The novel carries<br /> you along easily, naturally, spontaneously,&quot; says the Daily<br /> Telegraph, “because of its lightness of touch, its quaint<br /> vraisemblance, its original handling of familiar themes.”<br /> “Genuine imagination and charm have been at work here,”<br /> says the Daily Chronicle.<br /> THE Mystic NUMBER 7, by Annabel Gray (Simpkin,<br /> Marshall, 38. 6d.), &quot;shows keen psychological interest and<br /> ability,&quot; in the opinion of the Glasgow Herald. Lilera-<br /> ture says “Miss Annabel Gray has a good grip upon<br /> ber subject, and writes in a fashion that should be popular<br /> with the readers of her many other books.&quot; The West-<br /> minster Gazette says &quot;the sensational interest of the story<br /> is kept ap to the very end,&quot; while the Dundee Advertiser<br /> pronounces Glen Daile &quot;a splendid creation.”<br /> A MASTER OF CRAFT, by W. W. Jacobs (Metbuen, 68.),<br /> his first full-length story, “ can be anreservedly recom-<br /> mended,” says the Spectator, &quot; to all who have not lost their<br /> appetite for wholesome food for laughter.” “The scene is<br /> as usual laid on a small coasting schooner, or in the various<br /> baunts or houses of call of those engaged in this trade, and<br /> the motive is, not for the first time, furnished by the amorous<br /> susceptibilities of an amiable but singularly indiscreet<br /> skipper.”<br /> A PRIEST&#039;S POEMs, by K. D. B. (Catholic Truth Society),<br /> is a collection of various verses arranged in different parts.<br /> The Athenæum says: “It is in the impassioned prayer to<br /> &#039;God, Creator of the Waters,&#039; in &#039;Ecce Sto ad Ostium,&#039; in the<br /> long and at times beautiful poem Secrets of the Night&#039; that<br /> we recogpise now and again a strain of true poetry, while<br /> the translations have the rare merit of almost persuading<br /> the reader that they are original.” The Westminster<br /> Gazette says that “the author shows genuine poetic fancy<br /> and devotional spirit.”<br /> 66<br /> “THE<br /> AUTHOR.<br /> SCALE FOR ADVERTISEMENTS.<br /> 0<br /> Front Page<br /> ... ... £4 0 0<br /> Other Pages<br /> ... ... 3 00<br /> Hall of a Page ...<br /> ... ... 1 10 0<br /> Quarter of a Page<br /> Eighth of a Page<br /> Single Column Advertisements<br /> ...<br /> 0 16<br /> per inch 0 6 0<br /> Bills for Insertion ... ... ... ... ... per 2000 3 0 0<br /> Reductions made for a Series of six or Twelve Insertions.<br /> All letters respecting Advertisements should be addressed to the<br /> ADVERTISEMENT MANAGER, The Author Otice, 4, Portugal-street<br /> London, W.O.<br /> <br /> <br /> ## p. 96 (#131) #############################################<br /> <br /> ADVERTISEMENTS.<br /> SALE OF MSS. 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