| 327 | https://historysoa.com/items/show/327 | The Author, Vol. 09 Issue 11 (April 1899) | <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=%3Cem%3EThe+Author%3C%2Fem%3E%2C+Vol.+09+Issue+11+%28April+1899%29"><em>The Author</em>, Vol. 09 Issue 11 (April 1899)</a> | | | <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101063829988" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101063829988</a> | | | | | | | | <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Publication">Publication</a> | 1899-04-01-The-Author-9-11 | | | | | 245–268 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=89&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=9">9</a> | | | | | | | | | | | <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=76&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1899-04-01">1899-04-01</a> | | | | | | | 11 | | | 18990401 | ^Ibe Hutbor,<br />
{The Organ of the Incorporated Society of Authors. Monthly.)<br />
CONDUCTED BY WALTER BESANT.<br />
Vol.IX.—No.ii.] APRIL i, 1899. [Price Sixpence.<br />
For the Opinions expressed in papers that are<br />
signed or initialled the Aut/wrs alone are<br />
responsible. None of the papers or para-<br />
graphs must be taken as expressing the<br />
collective opinions of the Committee unless<br />
they are officially signed by G. Herbert<br />
Thring, Sec.<br />
THE Secretary of the Society begs to give notioe that all<br />
remittances are acknowledged by return of post, and<br />
requests that all members not receiving an answer to<br />
important communications within two days will write to him<br />
without delay. All remittances should be crossed Union<br />
Bank of London, Chancery-lane, or be sent by registered<br />
letter only. % w<br />
Communications and letters are invited by the Editor on<br />
all subjects connected with literature, but on no other sub-<br />
jects whatever. Articles which cannot bo accepted are<br />
returned if stamps for the purpose accompany the MSS.<br />
GENERAL MEMORANDA.<br />
J7\OB, some years it has been the praotice to insert, in<br />
J every number of The Author, certain "General Con-<br />
siderations," Warnings, Notices, &c, for the guidanoe<br />
of the reader. It has been objected as regards these<br />
warnings that the tricks or frauds against which they ore<br />
direoted cannot all be guarded against, for obvious reasons.<br />
It is, however, well that they should be borne in mind, and<br />
if any publisher refuses a clause of precaution he simply<br />
reveals his true character, and should be left to oarry on<br />
his business in his own way.<br />
Let us, however, draw up a few of the rules to be<br />
observed in an agreement. There are three methods of<br />
dealing with literary property:—.<br />
I. That of selling it outright.<br />
This is in some respects the most satisfactory, if a proper<br />
fries can be obtained. But the transaction should be<br />
managed by a competent agent.<br />
II. A profit-sharing agreement.<br />
In this case the following rulp * should be attended to:<br />
(1.) Not to'sign any agreement in which the cost of pro-<br />
duction forms a part.<br />
(2.) Not to give the publisher the power of putting the<br />
profits into his own pocket by charging for advertisements<br />
VOL. IX.<br />
in his own organs: or by charging exchange advertise-<br />
ments.<br />
(3.) Not to allow a speoial charge for " offloe expenses,"<br />
unless the same allowance is made to the author.<br />
(4.) Not to give up American, ColonUl, or Continental<br />
rights.<br />
(5.) Not to give np serial or translation rights.<br />
(6.) Not to bind yourself for future work to any publisher.<br />
As well bind yourself for the future to any one solicitor or<br />
doctor!<br />
(7.) To stamp the agreement.<br />
III. The royalty system.<br />
In this system, which has opened the door to a most<br />
amazing amount of overreaching and trading on the<br />
author's ignorance, it is above all things necessary to know<br />
what the proposed royalty means to both -ides. It is now<br />
possible for an author to ascertain approximately and very<br />
nearly the truth. From time to time the very important<br />
figures oonneoted with royalties are published in The Author.<br />
Readers can also work out the figures themselves from the<br />
"Cost of Production." Let no one, not even the youngest<br />
writer, sign a royalty agreement without finding out what<br />
it gives the publisher as well as himself.<br />
It has been objected that these precautions presuppose a<br />
great success for the book, and that very few books indeed<br />
attain to this great success. That is quite true: but there is<br />
always this uncertainty of literary property that, although<br />
the works of a great many authors oarry with them no risk<br />
at all, and although of a great many it is known within a few<br />
copies what will be their minimum circulation, it is not<br />
known what will bo their maximum. Therefore every<br />
author, for every book, should arrange on the chance of a<br />
success which will not, probably, come at all; but which<br />
may come.<br />
The four points which the Society has always demanded<br />
from the outset are:—<br />
(1.) That both sides shall know what an agreement<br />
means.<br />
(2.) The inspection of those aooount books which belong<br />
to the author. We are advised that this is a right, in the<br />
nature of a common law right, which cannot be denied or<br />
withheld.<br />
(3.) That there shall be no secret profits.<br />
(4.) That nothing shall be charged which has not been<br />
actually paid—for instance, that there shall be no charge for<br />
advertisements in the publisher's own organs and none for<br />
exchanged advertisements, and that all discounts shall be<br />
duly entered.<br />
If these points are carefully looked after, the author may<br />
rest pretty well assured that he is in right hands. At the<br />
same time he will do well to send his agreement to the<br />
secretary before he signs it.<br />
c c 2<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 246 (#258) ############################################<br />
<br />
246 THE AUTHOR.<br />
HOW TO USE THE SOCIETY.<br />
t. IiTVEKY member has a right to ask for and to receive<br />
advice upon his agreements, his choice of a pub-<br />
lisher, or any dispute arising in the conduct of his<br />
business or the administration of his property. If, in the<br />
opinion of the Committee and the Solicitors of the Society,<br />
the advice sought is such as can be given best by a solicitor,<br />
the member has a right to an opinion from the Society's<br />
solicitors. If the case is such that Counsel's opinion is<br />
desirable, the Committee will obtain for him Counsel's<br />
opinion. All this without any cost to the member.<br />
2. Eemember that questions connected with copyright<br />
and publisher's agreements do not generally fall within the<br />
experience of ordinary solicitors. Therefore, do not scruple<br />
to use the Society first—our solicitors are continually<br />
engaged upon such questions for us.<br />
3. Send to the office copies of past agreements and past<br />
accounts with the loan of the books represented. This is in<br />
order to ascertain what has been the nature of your agree-<br />
ments, and the results to author and publisher respectively<br />
so far. The Secretary will always be glad to have any<br />
agreements, new or old, for inspection and note. The infor-<br />
mation thus obtained may prove invaluable.<br />
4. If the examination of your previous business trans-<br />
actions by the Secretary proves unfavourable, you should<br />
take advice as to a change of publishers.<br />
5. Before signing any agreement whatever, send the pro-<br />
posed document to the Society for examination.<br />
6. The Society is acquainted with the methods, and—in<br />
the oase of fraudulent nouses—the tricks of every publish-<br />
ing firm in the country.<br />
7. Remember always that in belonging to the Society you<br />
are fighting the battles of other writers, even if you are<br />
reaping no benefit to yourself, and that you are advancing<br />
the best interests of literature in promoting the indepen-<br />
dence of the writer.<br />
8. Send to the Editor of The Author notes of everything<br />
important to literature that you may hear or meet with.<br />
9. The Committee have now arranged for the reception of<br />
members' agreements and their preservation in a fireproof<br />
safe. The agreements will, of course, be regarded as con-<br />
fidential documents to be read only by the Secretary, who<br />
will keep the key of the safe. The Society now offers:—(1)<br />
To read and advise upon agreements and publishers. (2) To<br />
■tamp agreements in readiness for a possible action upon<br />
them. (3) To keep agreements. (4) To enforce payments<br />
due according to agreements.<br />
NOTICES.<br />
THE Editor of The Author begs to remind members of the<br />
Society that, although the paper is sent to them free<br />
of charge, the oost of producing it would be a very<br />
heavy charge on the resources of the Society if a great<br />
many members did not forward to the Secretary the modest<br />
6s. 6d. subscription for the year.<br />
Communications for The Author should reach the Editor<br />
not later than the 21st of each month.<br />
All persons engaged in literary work of any kind,<br />
whether members of the Society or not, are invited to<br />
oommnnicate to the Editor any points connected with their<br />
work which it would bo advisable in the general interest to<br />
publish.<br />
Members and others who wish their MSS. read are<br />
requested not to send them to the Offioe without previously<br />
communicating with the Secretary. The utmost practicable<br />
despatch is aimed at, and MSS. are read in the order in<br />
which they are received. It must also be distinctly under-<br />
stood that the Society does not, under any oircamstances,<br />
undertake the publication of MSS.<br />
The present location of the Authors' Club is at 3, White-<br />
hall-court, Charing Cross. Address the Secretary for<br />
information, rules of admission, Ac.<br />
Will members take the trouble to ascertain whether they<br />
have paid their subscriptions for the year? If they will do<br />
this, and remit the amount, if still unpaid, or a banker's<br />
order, it will greatly assist the Sucretary, and save him the<br />
trouble of sending ont a reminder<br />
Members are most earnestly entreated to attend to the<br />
following warning. It is a most foolish and may be a<br />
most disastrous thing to enter into an agreement binding<br />
for a term of years. Let them ask themselves if they<br />
would give a solicitor the collection of their rents for<br />
five years to come, whatever his conduct, whether he<br />
was honest or dishonest? Of course they would not.<br />
Why then hesitate for a moment when they are asked to<br />
sign themselves into literary bondage for three or five<br />
years?<br />
"Those who possess the 'Cost of Production' are<br />
requested to note that the cost of binding has advanced 15<br />
per cent." This clause was inserted three or four years ago.<br />
Estimates have, however, recently been obtained which show<br />
that the figures in the book may be relied on as nearly<br />
correct: as near as is possible.<br />
Some remarks have been made upon the amount charged<br />
in the " Cost of Production" for advertising. Of course, we<br />
have not included any sums which may be charged for<br />
inserting advertisements in the publisher's own magazines,<br />
or in other magazines by exchange. As agreements too<br />
often go, there is nothing to prevent the publisher from<br />
sweeping the whole profits of a book into his own pocket,<br />
by inserting any number of advertisements in his own<br />
magazines, and by exchanging with others. Some there are<br />
who call this a form of fraud; it is not known what those<br />
who practise this method of swelling their own profits call it.<br />
LITERARY PROPERTY.<br />
I.—The Dramatic Sub-Committee.<br />
THE Dramatic Sub-corn m ittee have decided to<br />
call a meeting of all dramatic authors with<br />
a view to their joining the Society in order<br />
to obtain such information as might lead to the<br />
maintenance, definition, and defence of dramatic<br />
property. The meeting will be called for some date<br />
towards the end of April. It is trusted that the<br />
efforts of the Society on behalf of dramatic<br />
authorship and dramatic property will be sub-<br />
stantial and successful.<br />
II.—The Italian Protest.<br />
r.<br />
Attention might be drawn to the following<br />
points with regard to the Italian protest against the<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 247 (#259) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
247<br />
American Act (see p. 2 5 7):—That the Italian cause<br />
of complaint is very real, as publication in America<br />
secures copyright in Italy without even simul-<br />
taneous publication, but publication of Italian<br />
books in Italy does not secure copyright in<br />
America unless the book is first translated, then<br />
the translation forwarded to American publishers<br />
for their acceptance, the terms of the agreement<br />
settled, the type set up in America, and simul-<br />
taneous publication resulting.<br />
The question of the American treaty with<br />
regard to the publication of English books is not<br />
on such a bad basis as that of the Italian treaty,<br />
but still English publication is by no means<br />
reciprocal. We do stipulate for simultaneous<br />
publication, which is not necessary for an American<br />
to secure copyright in Italy, so that the Americans<br />
are put to some slight inconvenience ; but we do<br />
not stipulate for the printing of the book in<br />
England and the other trade difficulties. It is a<br />
question, however, whether the Italians are well<br />
advised in turning the wheel back in the evolu-<br />
tion of copyright property, and whether England<br />
would be well advised in turning the wheel back<br />
by enforcing printing, &c., in England. Ought it<br />
not to be the doctrine of both nations (England<br />
and Italy) to draw America from this backward<br />
position rather than that England and Italy<br />
should sink back into their literary barbarism?<br />
That, however, the lack of reciprocity is a matter<br />
of considerable regret there is no doubt, both in<br />
England and Italy. G. H. T.<br />
11.<br />
"Our international copyright law, as it applies<br />
to Italy, is declared by L'Assoeiazione Tipigrafico-<br />
Libraria Italiana in a memorial to the Italian<br />
Government to be an extremely one-sided affair.<br />
It puts American authors who simply copyright<br />
their works here on a footing as to protection<br />
with Italian authors in Italy, no further action<br />
being required to secure all the rights the Italian<br />
enjoys. On the other hand, an Italian author<br />
who desires American protection for his work<br />
must print the work here, from American type,<br />
and publish it simultaneously with publication in<br />
Italy. He is thus at great expense. But to get<br />
advantage of the American market he must first<br />
have his book translated, another addition to his<br />
outlay. Few Italian authors can afford the time,<br />
trouble, and money, and hence the market is<br />
practically abandoned by them. Since the writ-<br />
ings of D'Annunzio, De Amicis and others have<br />
begun to sell here, this amounts to a real griev-<br />
ance. Italian music is taken bodily. The peti-<br />
tioners beg for some effort to be made on their<br />
behalf, or some retaliatory measure to be taken.<br />
Better, they think, to abandon the copyright field<br />
altogether than submit to this one-sided law. A<br />
common-sense view would be to urge an amend-<br />
ment whereby copyright might be secured by<br />
registration, even though subsequent publication<br />
here was arranged for as the law at present<br />
stands. This copyright by registration and the<br />
depositing of two copies of the original foreign<br />
edition with the Librarian of Congress might be<br />
limited as to time. It should hold good for a<br />
year at least to give the foreign author a chance<br />
to get out his American edition."—New York<br />
Criterion. _<br />
in.—A Curious Point.<br />
A certain author published a book in America,<br />
and the American publisher, desirous of securing<br />
the English market, offered to an English pub-<br />
lisher to sell him 350 copies in sheets. The<br />
English publisher purchased these, and in two or<br />
three months sold the whole edition. After this<br />
edition was sold, whenever further orders came<br />
in he applied to the American publisher for further<br />
copies of the work. When the work had been<br />
on the market for a little over a year, the<br />
American publisher made arrangements for a<br />
second edition, and desiring again to place this<br />
new edition on the English market, he asked the<br />
author to arrange for the sale of 350 copies<br />
to an English publisher on the same terms as<br />
before. The author thereupon went to the pub-<br />
lisher who had sold the former instalment of<br />
books, and offered him 350 copies. Thereupon,<br />
the publisher replied that he was entitled to the<br />
second edition in England; that, in short, " he<br />
considered the market in England was still his"<br />
and that he could not purchase as many as 350<br />
copies. The author pointed out that there was<br />
no contract existing—that he was merely selling<br />
the books, and that if he did not care to take the<br />
350 copies he was going to take the offer else-<br />
where.<br />
It should be pointed out that the publisher had<br />
none of the old edition in stock, so that it was<br />
straining the interpretation unduly to maintain<br />
that the "English market was his still." He<br />
acknowledged that he had done well out of the<br />
former sales, but he stated that he considered the<br />
publishers were not entitled by the "custom of<br />
the trade" to take the book elsewhere if he<br />
refused to buy the copies tendered himself. He<br />
further maintained that it was too soon to bring<br />
out another edition. Upon the author pressing<br />
the point the publisher refused definitely to pur-<br />
chase, and said that if the offer was rnade. to any<br />
other publisher, he would write to the American<br />
house and also to the English publisher, and do<br />
his best to interfere with the sales.<br />
Under these circumstances the only thing for<br />
the author to do appears to be to take a bold<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 248 (#260) ############################################<br />
<br />
248<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
front, offer his book to another house, an 1<br />
inform the publisher that if he attempts to inter-<br />
fere he will hold him responsible. It seems<br />
impossible that any publisher who carries on his<br />
business on these lines should succeed in the long<br />
run.<br />
Assuming all the facts are as stated, the<br />
attitude taken up by the publisher seems quite<br />
unjustifiable. He declines to take the books<br />
himself, and declares his intention of doing his<br />
best to prevent another publisher taking it—in<br />
short, he virtually attempts to boycott the book.<br />
IV.—Risk.<br />
On the question of risk, a writer of many years'<br />
experience sends the following :—<br />
"In the old three-volume days I asked a<br />
] ublisher once how many copies of a novel<br />
his firm could dispose of by their name alone,<br />
without regard to the literary value of a book.<br />
He told me 250 copies. Now, as the libraries<br />
gave about 13s. 6d. a copy, this means £ib$.<br />
An edition of 500 copies of a three-volume novel<br />
of average length would not cost more than .£134<br />
('Cost of Production,' p. 15), allowing ,£20 for<br />
advertising. This amount was seldom expended<br />
for advertising a book whose run was over in a<br />
season and which was only bought by the libraries.<br />
£0 that the firm, on their own showing, never<br />
incurred any risk at all in the production of a<br />
three-volume novel.<br />
"I extended my research into the question of<br />
risk. I asked a publisher who had a series of 2s.<br />
novels the same question—how many the firm<br />
could dispose of by their name alone? He replied:<br />
2000. The cost of producing such a book, for<br />
an edition of 2000—as given in the 'Cost of<br />
Production,' p. 37—would be, for a book of about<br />
70,000 words, and allowii g for paper covers<br />
instead of cloth, no more than My$. Now, the<br />
sale of 2000 copies would produce about ,£115.<br />
Where is the risk?<br />
"We must remember that there are some<br />
books which, even when produced by firms of a fair<br />
selling power, cannot be said to bear 110 risk. But<br />
this is in general very small, and covered by a<br />
very few pounds in ordinary oases."<br />
V.—Literary Journals and Advertisements.<br />
Our editor, in the March number of The<br />
Author, dealing with the attitude of one or two<br />
newspapers which are admitted (by themselves)<br />
to be "leading literary journals," is curious to<br />
know whether literature really means advertise-<br />
ments. I present him with an anecdote which<br />
may, I trust, lighten in a measure his perplexity.<br />
Some years ago a publisher, after due search in<br />
the coluinus of newspapers for what was likely to<br />
interest himself, took upon him to write a letter<br />
to a eeitain literary journal. He declared that he<br />
had repeatedly sent books to the journal in ques-<br />
tion, but he "noticed" that not one of the<br />
volumes 1 bus forwarded had been reviewed. The<br />
retort to this complaint was a neat one. It was<br />
admitted that the volumes for review had been<br />
received, but the literary journal "noticed" in<br />
its turn that the publisher did not advertise in its<br />
pages. If the publisher had had a proper regard<br />
for the dignity (and emoluments) of "leading<br />
literary journals," he would have been put to<br />
confusion, and have complied in silence with the<br />
demand for bakhshish thus delicately hinted at.<br />
But he was a hardened man. He sent the corre-<br />
spondence to the Pall Mall Gazette, and it<br />
aiforded much entertainment to the readers of<br />
that newspaper.<br />
It cannot be too strenuously maintained that<br />
there are certain literary journals which are practi-<br />
cally in the pay and at the mercy of publishers<br />
who advertise in them. Their interviews and scraps<br />
of gossip are again and again coloured with<br />
malignant allusions to the dreaded and hated<br />
Authors' Society; their most elaborate and flatter-<br />
ing reviews are devoted to the productions of<br />
those publishing firms which advertise indefatig-<br />
ably in their columns, which clamorously shut the<br />
door against that unspeakable intruder the lite-<br />
rary agent, and which prefer to deal with the<br />
author " as between man and man."<br />
The one remedy for this condition of things<br />
has In en suggested by our editor himself. The<br />
author should claim by agreement a voice in the<br />
distribution of advertisements and in the placing<br />
of copies for review. The great and independent<br />
daily and weekly journals, which study many'<br />
interests apart from literature, ought to have far<br />
and away the first consideration. Those journals<br />
provide reviews written with all the ability, and<br />
with none of the airs of authority, of the " leading<br />
literary" organs. Publishers'announcements are<br />
no despicable item in the accounts of these widely-<br />
circulated papers; but they are not absolutely in-<br />
dispensable. While these journals might live in<br />
spite of publishers, there can be no question of<br />
the fact that publishers could not live without<br />
such extensively read newspapers. The author's<br />
independence would be increased, and the only<br />
sufferers would be those literary journals which<br />
have become degraded to the level of sordid<br />
dependants on the publishing trade.<br />
Scribbler.<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 249 (#261) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
249<br />
VI.—Authors' Corrections.<br />
With regard to the Editor's note on page 223<br />
of The Author of March 1, could yon publish in<br />
your paper for the benefit of members the views<br />
of the Committee on this subject. especially: 1.<br />
What should be included by publishers in their<br />
charges against a book as author's corrections?<br />
2. At what rate should these be charged? 3.<br />
How is an author to check this?<br />
A New Member.<br />
[The best answer I can give on the subject is to<br />
quote the passage on " Corrections," given to me<br />
by a printer whom I consulted in order to get<br />
trustworthy information and advice for " The Pen<br />
and the Book " (see p. 150).<br />
The meaning of Corrections is this: They arc<br />
charged at the rate of a shilling an hour, or, in<br />
some cases, fifteenpence, for the work of each<br />
printer employed.<br />
Now, it is extremely difficult to say how many<br />
words a compositor can alter in a given time. If<br />
the author corrects so as to "overrun," i.e., to<br />
alter the line and carry a part of it into the next<br />
and following lines, he may cause an alteration of<br />
the whole page, line by line, down to the end of<br />
the paragraph, and even beyond it. If he does<br />
this, he very materially alters the cost of Correc-<br />
tion. It is thus most difficult to check the charge<br />
for Correction. The only method which will<br />
enable the author to check approximately this<br />
item, is for hira to preserve carefully the first<br />
proofs, with his Corrections upon them, and to<br />
insist upon receiving them back with his revise.<br />
In other words, correct as little as you can: do<br />
not "overrun" if you can possibly help it: get<br />
your revise back again: and remember that only<br />
q, few words, three or four—opinions vary con-<br />
„U -rably as to the number—may be changed in a<br />
.A flute: you can then, if there is no over-running,<br />
.^'.,-ke a tolerable guess at the correctness of the<br />
charge. In mosk. publishers' agreements authors<br />
are allowed so much a sheet for Corrections: but<br />
as they are not told the connection between<br />
shillings and words, they are not much wiser,and<br />
the door is open for overcharging.—W. B.]<br />
VII. Authors, Publishers, and Booksellers.<br />
The Publishers' Association has passed certain<br />
resolutions dealing with the trade prices of books.<br />
The resolutions which, of course, closely affect the<br />
property of our members, have been drawn up<br />
and submitted to the booksellers without the<br />
least reference to the creators and owners of that<br />
property. The question will be considered by<br />
the sub-committee appointed for the purpose.<br />
Their action will be reported in the next number<br />
of The Author.<br />
VIII.—Much Needed.<br />
The following letter has been published in the<br />
chief literary papers in London, owing to the<br />
action of the Society of Authors, on behalf of<br />
Mr. A. E. T. Watson. The letter practically<br />
explains the position. A series of short stories,<br />
by many authors, was published by Mr. George<br />
Redway, and the book was lettered outside, as<br />
stated in the communication—" Huntingcrop<br />
Hall, A. E. T. Watson," thus conveying the<br />
impression that the work was a single story by a<br />
popular author. Mr. Watson naturally objected to<br />
this, and put the matter in the hands of the<br />
Society. After considerable negotiation, and wh?n<br />
the matter had been placed in the hands of the<br />
Society's solicitors, Mr. Redway consented to<br />
make the explanation contained in the letter.<br />
An Explanation.—To the Editor.—Sir,—I have been<br />
asked by Mr. Alfred E. T. Watson to explain that a volume<br />
of collected pieces published by me last autumn nnder the<br />
title of "Huntingcrop Hall" and other stories, by Alfred<br />
E. T. Watson and other sporting writers, and lettered<br />
outside "Hnntingcrop Hall, A. E. T. Watson," was not pre-<br />
pared nor edited by that gentleman, and that he had<br />
nothing to do with the publication. The two stories by<br />
Mr. Watson included in the volume were republished from<br />
'London Society," of 1S72, by arrangement made by me<br />
with Mr. James Hogg, the proprietor of the copyrights,<br />
and not by permission of Mr. Watson, the writer of the<br />
stories. George Redway.<br />
PARIS NOTES.<br />
THE spirit of discord appears to have invaded<br />
French literary circles during the past month.<br />
Indeed, at one moment affairs assumed such<br />
serious proportions that the recognised agitators<br />
themselves stood aghast at the prospect of<br />
fresh trouble breaking out in such an unexpected<br />
quarter as the patriotic and pacific Ligue de la<br />
Patrie Francaise. Happily, MM. Jules Leraaitre<br />
and Francois Coppee (president and honorary<br />
president of the league) retrieved their first<br />
imprudent manifestation of personal feeling so<br />
promptly that all danger of new internal com-<br />
plications was averted; though numerous mem-<br />
bers—and among them the well-known literati<br />
MM. de Heredia, Andre Theuriet, and Maurice<br />
Souriau—expressed their disapproval by with-<br />
drawing their adhesion to the league. The<br />
erudite M. Houssaye refused to follow their<br />
example. We may mention in passing that this<br />
conscientious historian is now receiving the con-<br />
gratulations of the French Press on the success<br />
of his new work, entitled "Waterloo, 2e partie de<br />
1815," ed. Perrin. In impartiality of judgment<br />
and laboriously correct phraseology, M. Hous-<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 250 (#262) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
saye's work somewhat resembles that of our own<br />
Sir James Macintosh.<br />
Secondly, there is an open schism among the<br />
members of the French Academy for the first<br />
time in its history. That this august body should<br />
ever stoop to party politics or personal differences<br />
seemed as improbable as that Birnam wood should<br />
ever invade the towers of Macbeth; but the<br />
vacant seats of MM. Jules Lemaitre, Francois<br />
Coppee, Anatole France, and Jules Claretie on<br />
M. Guillaume's investiture to the vacant fauteuil<br />
of the feu Due d'Aumale made all Paris aware<br />
of the "rift within the lute" existing in the<br />
heart of this venerable assembly. Under these<br />
circumstances M. Guillaume's oration (extremely<br />
well read by M. Brunetiere, owing to the newly-<br />
elected member being temporarily voiceless) and<br />
M. Meziere's response to the same, were matters<br />
of secondary importance, though the latter's<br />
assurance that M. Guillaume did not express him-<br />
self "comme un guide Baedeker" brought a<br />
quiet smile to the lips of several persons present.<br />
Apropos of the flattering allusion made to M.<br />
Guillaume's literary services, we may state that<br />
the eminent sculptor has produced a study on<br />
Michel Angelo, and several minor works, written<br />
in a sufficiently clear, straightforward manner;<br />
but, had the "affaire" not smoothed his elevation<br />
to his present dignity, we doubt if French litera-<br />
ture would ever have been aware of his efforts ou<br />
her behalf.<br />
Thirdly, M. Annan de Caillavet, having taken<br />
umbrage at some chance phrase in an article<br />
entitled " Salons parisiens " (Vieparisienne), sent<br />
two friends to the editor demanding the name of<br />
the writer of the article in question. M. Pierre<br />
Veber at once acknowledged his own responsi-<br />
bility. A meeting accordingly took place, in<br />
which the unlucky writer was disabled in the<br />
fourth round by a nasty sword-cut in the fore-<br />
arm. A few days later, the well-known dramatic<br />
author, M. Paul Gavault, had a meeting with M.<br />
Henri Marx. The cause of the quarrel has not<br />
yet transpired, but literature was again at a dis-<br />
advantage, M. Gavault receiving a deep wound in<br />
the lower jaw, which caused the surgeons in<br />
attendance to stop the combat. If these encoun-<br />
ters continue, a large number of the Parisian<br />
literati appear likely soon to figure on the<br />
disabled list.<br />
The names of no less than three Academicians<br />
adorn the theatrical posters at the present<br />
moment, namely, MM. Anatole France, Francois<br />
Coppee, and Henri Lavedan. The dramatic<br />
adaptation at the Vaudeville of M. Anatole<br />
France's well-known novel "Le Lys Rouge"<br />
made quite a stir in theatrical and literary<br />
circles. It is useless, however, to deny that the<br />
play does not realise the high expectations<br />
formed of its merits, and that not even its clever<br />
interpretation can prevent the dialogue from<br />
occasionally appearing too long-winded and<br />
monotonous. The same criticism is applicable to<br />
the adaptati6n of " Le Coupable " of M. Francois<br />
Coppee (Theatre Ambigu). Psychological and<br />
social problems are unwelcome to the majority of<br />
theatre-goers, for the gods of the higher literary<br />
cult are not the gods of the gallery. M. Henri<br />
Lavedan in his adaptation of "Le Vieux<br />
Marcheur" (as elsewhere) gives evidence of<br />
abundantly recognising this fact. He possesses<br />
the genuine dramatic verve, being especially good<br />
in sparkling, " slangy," up-to-date dialogue; but<br />
it is a pity that the distinguished Academician<br />
should have enveloped his latest production in a<br />
frame better suited to the profligate period of<br />
the Regency than our own more enlightened agp.<br />
The Parisians cannot be accused of niggardli-<br />
ness towards their illustrious deceased ecclesiastics.<br />
The committee recently formed at Paris by<br />
Cardinal Perraud for the purpose of raising funds<br />
to erect a funeral monument to Boesuet, " L'Aigle<br />
de Meaux," iu the cathedral of that town, has<br />
just published its first list of donations received.<br />
The sum total already amounts to 17,000 francs;<br />
and, meanwhile, the fragrant plot of ground and<br />
ancient mill consecrated to all lovers of literature<br />
by the " Lettres de Mou Moulin" and other works<br />
of Alphonse Daudet, are being ignomiuiously put<br />
up for sale to be knocked down as an indifferent<br />
"lot" to the highest bidder. This appears at<br />
first sight to be slightly inconsistent; but a<br />
moment's reflection reminds us that such conduct<br />
is not unparalleled in the history of other<br />
nations.<br />
The representation of foreign dramas—and,<br />
more especially, the performance of M. Jean<br />
Aicard's translation of the Shakesperian " Otello"<br />
at the Comcdie Fran9aise—has recently given<br />
rise to a lively discussion on this subject iu the<br />
Beaux Arts section of the Chamber of Deputies.<br />
The nationalists found foreign authors out of<br />
place in the national theatres subsidised by the<br />
State, and demanded that henceforth only French<br />
operas and plays should be represented therein.<br />
To these objections M. Leygues roundly re-<br />
sponded that, if such were the case, only works<br />
of the French school ought to be admitted to<br />
the Louvre, since subsidised theatres were<br />
nothing less than national museums, and that<br />
Shakespeare was assuredly in his right place at<br />
the Comcdie Fran^aise or Odcon, since in raising<br />
a statue in his honour the Town of Paris ha 1<br />
herself rendered homage to his genius. He<br />
added that subsidised theatres were especially-<br />
consecrated to "la pensee humaine," which was<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 251 (#263) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
cosmopolite; and spiritedly demanded if the<br />
nationalists desired to exclude Correggio, Raphael,<br />
and Titian from the Louvre? He likewise<br />
pointed out that more dramatic French authors<br />
were represented in foreign countries than<br />
foreign dramatic authors were represented in<br />
France, and further continued — "Let us<br />
admire the beautiful wherever it may be<br />
found; do not let us proscribe genius under<br />
the pretext that it is not French. N'etablissons<br />
pas de barriere-douaniere contre la pensee!"<br />
This liberal and sensible speech was deservedly<br />
applauded, and thus our great poet has received<br />
his letters of naturalisation from the countrymen<br />
of Moliere, Racine, and Corneille.<br />
The Daudet family are skilled and untiring<br />
writers. "Sebastian Gouves" (ed. Fasquelle) is<br />
the title of M. Leon Daudet's new novel, but not<br />
having been favoured with a copy, we are unable<br />
to vouch for its merits. It is reported to repre-<br />
sent the strife perpetually waging between passion<br />
and interest, the social factors and the individual.<br />
At the present moment this hard-working author<br />
is busily engaged in supervising the editing of<br />
"Notes sur la Vie" {Revue de Paris), a series of<br />
casual notes in diary form found among the<br />
papers of the late Alphonse Daudet; also "Le<br />
Valet de ferme" (e"d. Dentu), a collection of short<br />
tales by the same illustrious author, to which M.<br />
Leon Daudet is adding a preface; while M.<br />
Ernest Daudet is occupied in finishing a stirring<br />
historical romance of the fifteenth century,<br />
entitled " Deux Coeques," which will shortly be<br />
given to the public.<br />
Our obituary list for the past month embraces<br />
the names of three men whose fame was<br />
essentially Parisian: (i) Charles-Louis-Etienne<br />
Truinet, better known as Charles Nuitter, archivist<br />
of the Opéra, was the author of numerous vaude-<br />
villes, and among them, the famous "Tasse de<br />
the"; but he is chiefly known as a librettist<br />
and the translator of "Tannhauser," "Rienzi,"<br />
and " Lohengrin." He collaborated with Offen-<br />
bach in "Les Bavards," '* Vert-Vert," and<br />
"La Princesse de Tre"bizonde "; with Sardou<br />
in Guiraud's "Piccolino"; with Locle in<br />
Verdi's "Aida"; and with Beaumont, Delibes,<br />
and Lalo on other occasions. He was<br />
seventy-one years of age, and carried out so<br />
faithfully his chosen motto of '* Cache ta vie,"<br />
that, at his death, not even his intimate asso-<br />
ciates knew if any of his family were still in<br />
existence. (2) Fernand Xau, founder and editor<br />
of Le Journal, died prematurely at Cannes, after<br />
a long and painful illness, a victim to overwork.<br />
Once, on being reproached for not taking the<br />
repose he needed, "I belong," he answered gaily,<br />
"to the race of horses who die when they stop<br />
vol. IX.<br />
short." He possessed all the qualities requisite<br />
to a successfulfin-de-siicle editor; and his smart<br />
repartees, shrewd judgment, and brilliant con-<br />
versational powers, united with great kindness<br />
of heart and journalistic talent of no mean order,<br />
make his loss sincerely regretted by a wide circle of<br />
friends and acquaintances. (3) The sudden death<br />
of Albert Bataille, one of the ablest journalists on<br />
the Figaro staff, has been still more widely<br />
deplored. The numerous foreign and native<br />
journalistic and literary associations of which he<br />
was an active member were unanimous in their<br />
expressions of esteem and regret. Speaking in<br />
the name of the foreign journalists at Paris,<br />
M. Janzon, editor of the Stockholms Dagblad,<br />
and member of the Central committee of the<br />
Press Association, emphatically declared: "H<br />
n'y a pas un journalist* étranger qui ait connu<br />
Bataille sans le respecter et l'aimer." But<br />
perhaps the highest tribute paid to the dead<br />
man's sterling worth was that conveyed in the<br />
closing phrases of the funeral oration pronounced<br />
by M. de Rodays: "Mais il faut surtout le louer,<br />
e"tant une force, d'avoir e"te une conscience.<br />
Bataille n'a jamais ecrit un mot qui'l ne pensat<br />
pas. ... II a touche- a tout . . . et il<br />
n'a jamais 6ti injuste pour personne. C'est<br />
l'honneur de sa vie de n'avoir jamais cede* a une<br />
pression ou subi l'influence d'un mauvais courant<br />
d'opinion."<br />
M. Pierre Loti's Eastern trip is indefinitely<br />
postponed, owing to his re-instatement on the<br />
active service list of the French Navy. He is<br />
now engaged on a work whose plot is laid in the<br />
He de Paques. This tiny Oceanic island was dis-<br />
covered by Davis in 1686, and explored by Rogge-<br />
ween on "Le jour de Paques, 1722." M. Loti<br />
visited this isle as a midshipman twenty-four<br />
years ago, and was much surprised to find it<br />
peopled by a handsome and intelligent white race.<br />
He is assisted in his present work by the notes<br />
taken on that occasion.<br />
M. Edouard Rod, whose name is well known in<br />
French literary circles, has just embarked for<br />
New York. He is expected to be absent for<br />
three months, his intention being to give a series<br />
of lectures in the American universities on French<br />
dramatic poetry, including the works of Jean<br />
Jacques, Rousseau, &c. On his return he will<br />
probably give the public the reflections induced<br />
by his American tour.<br />
The era of cheap modern literature in superior<br />
type and binding is being inaugurated here by<br />
MM. Jules Rouff and Co., who, relying on the<br />
popularity of Victor Hugo's works, have pur-<br />
chased from his heirs the right of publishing a<br />
complete collection of their famous relative's<br />
writings at the low rate of twenty-five centimes<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 252 (#264) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
per volume. The statue of the great French<br />
master, intrusted to the sculptor Barrias, will be<br />
finished in July. The project of temporarily<br />
placing the plaster cast on the " rond point" of<br />
the Avenue Victor Hugo has been abandoned,<br />
and it is now definitely decided that the Hugo<br />
monument is to be placed when finished in a<br />
central position in the Champs Elysces palace<br />
ready for the great Exhibition of 1900.<br />
Amongthe publications of the month may be men-<br />
tioned " La Force," by M. Paul Adam, one of the<br />
most graphic and interestingmartialworkswe have<br />
had the pleasure of reading for a long time; " Le<br />
Massacre des Amazones," by M. Han Ryner (chez<br />
Chaumel), a critical study of 200 contemporary<br />
"bas bleus," among whom are included Mmes.<br />
Adam, Sarah Bernhardt, Alphonse Daudet, Tola<br />
Dorian, Judith Gautier, " Gyp," Jean Bertheroy,<br />
the Duchess d'Uzes, &c.; "Le Quartier Latin,"<br />
by MM. Georges Renault and Gustave Le Rouge<br />
(chez Flammarion), a clever and instructive<br />
history of the old and new Latin quarter; "Le<br />
Rachat de la Femme," by Pierre Sales (chez<br />
Flammarion), forming a conclusion to his sensa-<br />
tional " Honneur du Mari," of which 10,000 copies<br />
were sold at its first publication; "L'Anneau<br />
d'Amethyste," by Anatole France, a novel which<br />
maintains the high literary level of its prede-<br />
cessors; "Josephine, Imperatrice et Reine," by<br />
the Bonapartist biographer, M. Frédcric Masson<br />
(chez Ollendorf), being a sequel to his interesting<br />
"Josephine Beauharnais"; "Un Amateur d'umes"<br />
(chez Fasquell), a charming Spanish study by<br />
M. Barres; and the second volume of the famous<br />
Gourgaud Memoirs, which contains much new<br />
and interesting matter relative to the great<br />
Napoleon, especially in regard to his private<br />
sentiments and shrewd appreciation of his two<br />
consorts. Darracotte Dene.<br />
FROM THE AMERICAN PAPERS.<br />
AMERICAN newspaper methods are, or have<br />
been, so much a byword in this country<br />
that it is of peculiar interest to hear the<br />
views of themselves entertained by American<br />
newspaper men. An address delivered the other<br />
day by Mr. St. Clair McKelway, editor of the<br />
Broohlyn Eagle, affords this opportunity. The<br />
occasion was the annual banquet of the American<br />
Newspaper Publishers' Association at the<br />
Waldorf-Astoria, when Mr. Stephen O'Meara,<br />
editor of the Boston Journal, presided over a com-<br />
pany of 200. The first speaker of the evening<br />
was Congressman B. Mahany, of Buffalo, who<br />
declared that there were more and better news-<br />
papers in New York State to-day than existed in<br />
the whole world half a century ago. Lieutenant-<br />
Governor Timothy L. Woodruff, who was the<br />
next speaker, addressed himself to the subject of<br />
"Public Men and their Relations to the Press."<br />
An honest public servant, he said, need fear<br />
neither jails nor newspapers; a dishonest public<br />
servant had just cause to fear both. Newspaper<br />
men constituted an impregnable phalanx of<br />
advancement and civilisation. Mr. St. Clair<br />
McKelway followed with a sj)eech on "The<br />
Press in its Relations to Public Men." The<br />
"relations," he said, were improving. Public<br />
men were finding that the rowdy Press<br />
could do them no harm, and the decent<br />
Press was finding that rowdy public men could<br />
do them neither harm nor good. "There are<br />
rowdy public men and there are rowdy news-<br />
papers," said the speaker. "They have a natural<br />
affinity for one another. The other kind of<br />
public men and the other kind of newspapers are<br />
letting that first sort alone. A line of cleavage<br />
in every community is being drawn between<br />
decent pubbc men and rowdy public men, and<br />
between decent newspapers and rowdy newspapers.<br />
Public men worthy of the name wish to benefit<br />
the city, State, or nation, and believe that the<br />
ideas of their party are likely to do it. Public<br />
journals have the same wish and the same belief."<br />
Mr. McKelway's denunciation of the unworthy<br />
section of the American Press was delivered in<br />
unstinted terms, and, as coming from one of the<br />
leading editors in the United States, deserves to<br />
be noted. Witness the following extract from<br />
his speech: "The public journal," he declared,<br />
"that subsists or exists for public plunder is a<br />
mendicant, a sycophant, and a compulsory<br />
coward. Only those who compel Press considera-<br />
tion by deserving it, either by character or ability,<br />
or both, are worthy of consideration as public<br />
men. Only those newspapers that make and<br />
keep a solvency in themselves and by themselves<br />
are worthy of consideration as public journals.<br />
The Government may be an advertiser in them<br />
like any other customer that has matters to<br />
make known, but the renting of business space<br />
should carry with it no mortgage on con-<br />
science or on brain. There may be a dispute<br />
over the permanence or power of the indepen-<br />
dent newspaper. I am too committed to the<br />
principle to indulge the reflected egotism of<br />
advocating it here. But there can hardly be a<br />
doubt about the lamentable and even pitiable<br />
plight of the dependent newspaper. It must<br />
mask the fact of slavery behind the pretence of<br />
authority. It must conceal the condition of<br />
beggarhood behind the front of oraclehood. It<br />
is of all things the most unfortunate. A man<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 253 (#265) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR:<br />
might conceivably sell his manual labour even<br />
for life to a heartless creditor, or deliver his heir-<br />
looms to an inforcing robber, or buy his peace<br />
from a soulless blackmailer, but that he should<br />
contract out his conscience and his brain under<br />
circumstances which make him infidel to honour,<br />
vacant of real influence, and barren of moral self-<br />
respect, should be unthinkable. For those whose<br />
personal or domestic necessities lead them to<br />
think that they must do that charity is taxed to<br />
the extreme. Towards those who do it for love of<br />
the fact of pelf or of the fiction of power,<br />
credulity is paralysed and indignation fatigued."<br />
M. Edouard Rod is now making his first visit<br />
to the United States, in order to deliver a series<br />
of lectures in French at the principal universities<br />
and colleges. These yearly lectures by distin-<br />
guished French literary men were started under<br />
the auspices of the Cercle Francais of Harvard<br />
two years ago, when M. Ferdinand Brunetiere<br />
dealt with the French novel. Last year M. Rene<br />
Doumic took up the History of French roman-<br />
ticism. M. Paul Bourget will probably be heard<br />
next year. M. Rod is treating of the History<br />
of French Dramatic Poetry. Questioned by the<br />
New York Times concerning his lectures, he<br />
made some interesting remarks on French litera-<br />
ture. "Among the dramatic poets of the past,"<br />
said M. Rod, "my preference is for Racine.<br />
Racinean tragedy, with the drama of Shakes-<br />
peare, appears to me to be the most elevated<br />
form of art that dramatic poetry has produced.<br />
Racine's plays differ greatly from those of<br />
Shakespeare. I do not consider them inferior,<br />
but they represent a form of art that is essen-<br />
tially French. Foreigners often accuse us of not<br />
understanding them. Yet I think that at the<br />
present time Shakespearean drama is better<br />
understood in France than Racinean tragedy is<br />
outside of France. There is one thing about<br />
Shakespeare that has impressed me forcibly. A<br />
few months ago I was in London, and went to see<br />
'Julius Caesar' — at Her Majesty's Theatre, I<br />
think. I could not but marvel at the prodigious<br />
knowledge of the democracy shown by Shake-<br />
speare, who nevertheless did not live in a<br />
democratic epoch. To come to modern times,<br />
within the past decade the foreign authors who<br />
have exercised the most influence upon French<br />
literature are, of course, Ibsen and Tolstoi, but<br />
what the ultimate effect of this influence will be<br />
it is impossible to conjecture. The most striking<br />
characteristic of our literature of the present time<br />
is its heterogeneity, if I may be pardoned for<br />
using such a barbarous word. There have been<br />
epochs when there was a certain unity in literary<br />
production and thought—at least, that is the<br />
impression we receive at a distance—but to-day we<br />
see around us the most diverse elements. It has<br />
been complained that Rostand's 'Cyrano de<br />
Bergerac' has shown unmistakably, by the<br />
universal admiration it has evoked and the<br />
unprecedented enthusiasm with which it has been<br />
received, that the tendencies of the times are<br />
towards a return to the romantic school.<br />
Evidently there is a current of romanticism; yet<br />
the current of realism is still strong, and there is<br />
another very pronounced current which seems to<br />
me to be a very powerful one but which it is<br />
difficult to define by a more precise word than<br />
that of idealism, which does not express much.<br />
JNb, I cannot venture to say whether or not any<br />
modern French writer exercises a decisive influ-<br />
ence upon our literature. That is not for me, but<br />
for posterity to judge." M. Rod does not speak<br />
English, though he can read it.<br />
The following editorial comment recently<br />
appeared in the New York World:<br />
There would seem to be something wrong abont the<br />
traditional belief that authors are poor and improvident<br />
people, if the history and experience of the Authors' Club<br />
in this city is of any significance.<br />
The club was organised in 1882, and it has always<br />
consisted of less than 150 members, all authors. At first<br />
it had no home and no means with which to rent one. Now<br />
it has a luxurious abiding-place, a fine library and all the<br />
adjuncts of comfort.<br />
And while most of the clubs composed of prosperous<br />
business men are sorely harassed by debt, the Authors' Club<br />
owes nobody a oent. and has a comfortable and yearly<br />
increasing bank account.<br />
While it was still poor it undertook to make and sell a<br />
costly book of unique character. There were to be 250<br />
copies, each to be sold at 100 dollars. The publishers all<br />
ridiculed the idea, and with solioitous sympathy predicted<br />
disastrous failure, not as probable but as certain. But the<br />
authors made the book and marketed it so well that only a<br />
few oopies remain for belated buyers.<br />
Either the tradition is at fault or the authors have<br />
been learning thrift and shrewdness by their dealings with<br />
publishers.<br />
A FEW NOTES FROM AUSTRALIA.<br />
PROSPERITY is slowly but surely returning<br />
to Australia, and the direful crisis of 1893<br />
is fading to some extent from the minds<br />
of men. Its lesson has not been forgotten, how-<br />
ever, and speculation and mild credits are not<br />
nearly so much in evidence as was the case in the<br />
ante-boom days.<br />
One result of the improvement is that Australia<br />
is again becoming a good market for English<br />
books and periodicals, which pour into the country<br />
in an enormous stream. Last year (1898) the<br />
single colony of New South Wales imported books<br />
and stationery to the value of .£581,974, and<br />
though no doubt stationery was the larger item,<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 254 (#266) ############################################<br />
<br />
254<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
yet the importation of books and periodicals must<br />
have been very large.<br />
The cheap English magazine rages with con-<br />
siderable virulence here, and local publications<br />
feel the competition somewhat, but have to suffer<br />
without much prospect of alleviation, as '* pro-<br />
tection" against the British author and publisher<br />
would not be entertained, in New South Wales<br />
at all events, which, under the cegis of Mr. Reid,<br />
has become very pronouncedly free - trade in<br />
policy.<br />
The absence of purely literary periodicals has<br />
no doubt seriously checked the development of<br />
Australian literary effort, but of late years a con- •<br />
siderable number of young writers have come<br />
into notice, chiefly through the Bulletin, a paper<br />
which, whatever its faults, and they are numerous<br />
enough, has done more to encourage Australian<br />
literary talent than any other local publication.<br />
Of these younger writers the best known are Mr.<br />
A. B. Paterson, Mr. Henry Lawson, Mr. Ogilvie,<br />
and Mr. Victor Daly. Almost all are verse<br />
writers, and have published numerous ballads,<br />
but they also write prose.and Mr. Paterson has<br />
recently published a novel. As a rule, the<br />
Australian writer betakes him to England, and<br />
as examples might be quoted Mr. B. J. Farjeon,<br />
Mr. Fergus Hume, Mr. H. B. Marriott Watson,<br />
Mr. Louis Becke, and other writers; but there are<br />
some who remain with us, such as Mr. Browne<br />
(Kolf Boldrewood), Mrs. Cross (Ada Cambridge),<br />
and Mrs. H. R. Curlewis (Ethel Turner). There<br />
are worse countries to live in than Australia,<br />
with its genial climate, its free life, and its<br />
endless possibilities in the way of riding, driving,<br />
bicycling, boating, <fec. Of course, I refer to the<br />
older colonies, not to newly-discovered goldfields<br />
or pastoral sections.<br />
Some readers of The Author may be interested<br />
in "spooks," and such will be glad to hear<br />
that a road near the present writer's place of<br />
residence is haunted by a remarkable "spook,"<br />
which takes the form of a dog. At about 1<br />
1<br />
o'clock p.m. on Aug. 12, the dog appears near a<br />
little bridge or culvert on what is known as the<br />
Willoughby road, and runs in front of or round<br />
anyone who happens to be passing that way.<br />
Hundreds of people are said to have seen the dog,<br />
and many have thrown stones at it, but the<br />
missiles have passed completely through the<br />
figure without affecting it in the least. When<br />
matches are lit it disappears, but reappears the<br />
moment the light goes out. I cross-questioned<br />
a girl who had seen the dog, and she scouted<br />
the idea that it was imaginary, and stated<br />
that hundreds of people had seen it and that<br />
she herself had been accompanied by several<br />
persons, to all of whom it was visible. I have<br />
not seen the dog myself, and have an open mind<br />
on the subject, and give the tale as I heard it.<br />
For a new country, New South Wales rejoices in<br />
good many " spook " stories, haunted houses, and<br />
so on.<br />
Almost everyone here and many people in<br />
England know the story of "Fisher's Ghost,"<br />
which is supposed to be a fairly well-authenticated<br />
story. Fisher was a small farmer who was treacher-<br />
ously murdered by a man with whom he had lived<br />
as a friend. This man gave out that Fisher had<br />
gone to England, but people passing a certain<br />
fence near a creek at night began to see Fisher<br />
sitting on a rail. When approached, the figure<br />
glided off in the direction of the creek. Investi-<br />
gations were made; blood was found on the<br />
fence, and Fisher's body in a hole on the bank of<br />
the creek. The suspected man was arrested and<br />
hanged. There is no doubt whatever of the<br />
murder, trial, and execution, and the supernatural<br />
part is believed by many.<br />
Justin C. MacCartie.<br />
Bridge-street, Sydney,<br />
Jan. 17.<br />
NOTES AND NEWS.<br />
THE following resolution has been forwarded<br />
to me from the secretary of the Authors'<br />
Club. It was passed unanimously at the<br />
last meeting of the Committee of the Club with a<br />
view of assisting those members of the Society<br />
who happen to be up in town for the dinner of<br />
the Society, and to making their stay in town as<br />
pleasant as possible:<br />
"That gentlemen living in the country who are<br />
members of the Authors' Society may be elected<br />
honorary members of the Authors' Club for the<br />
week May 1st to 6th upon the personal introduc-<br />
tion of a member of the Club."<br />
The annual report of the Boyal Literary Fund<br />
for the year 1898 will be found in another column.<br />
Two or three points are suggested by the report.<br />
The first is that the invested funds of the asso-<br />
ciation now amount to nearly .£60,000: that the<br />
income is about .£4000: that the amount given in<br />
relief of authors in distress was .£1900: and that<br />
the total number of recipients was no more than<br />
twenty-seven. Of these, fourteen were men, who<br />
received an average grant of .£61 each, and thir-<br />
teen were women, of whom eight were authors,<br />
with an average grant of .£51: four were widows,<br />
with an average grant of .£150: and one, an<br />
orphan, who received .£40.<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 255 (#267) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
255<br />
This represents the year's work of a most useful<br />
and beneficent charity. One gentleman at the<br />
meeting objected to the investment of more<br />
money, on the ground that there must surely be<br />
more than twenty-seven persons a year for whom<br />
the fund was intended. The speaker represented<br />
the average and common view of literature as a<br />
profession. That is to say, he regards it as a<br />
beggarly and most precarious profession. Now,<br />
I have been on the council of the Royal Literary<br />
Fund. Their meetings are most sacred and<br />
private and confidential. But I do not think that<br />
I am revealing secrets when I say that I never<br />
remember a single deserving case which was<br />
turned away for want of funds. On the contrary,<br />
the council always took a lenient view of the case,<br />
and a generous view of the literary position of the<br />
applicant. And I do not believe that, outside the<br />
twenty-seven recipients in last year's lists, there<br />
was a single case of distress which presented itself,<br />
or which might have presented itself. In other<br />
words, there are now thousands who live by the<br />
pen: the position of this multitude is as assured<br />
as that of any other profession. A man may break<br />
down in health, but if he does not, and is a good<br />
man and worthy of a place in the profession of<br />
letters, he may reckon upon success with much<br />
greater certainty than if he was a solicitor or a<br />
medical practitioner.<br />
I am, therefore, of opinion that it is quite<br />
time to abandon the annual appeal to the public<br />
for assistance for the starving litterateur. There<br />
will always be cases of distress and hardship, but<br />
there is no longer any necessity for the yearly<br />
dinner and the yearly speech of the chairman in<br />
aid of a charity which is represented as requiring<br />
more funds, and still more funds, as if the appli-<br />
cants were increasing in number instead of being<br />
a mere remnant, and as if the profession was still<br />
what it was sixty and a hundred years ago,<br />
starveling and dependent. In other words, the<br />
Fund has as much money as it wants: it need not<br />
make any more appeals or ask for any more<br />
invested funds; while to appeal to the public<br />
every year on behalf of the literary profession<br />
has not only ceased to be necessary but has<br />
actually become degrading. With this view of<br />
the case, I shall not feel myself in future called to<br />
give anything more to an institution which is<br />
sufficiently equipped for its excellent work, and I<br />
shall never again sit at a dinner which represents<br />
a condition of things no longer existing.<br />
The various experiments in the prices which<br />
publishers are now trying, are watched with<br />
interest by Americans. The following paragraph,<br />
VOL. IX.<br />
cut out of the New York Criterion, shows what<br />
some of them think. It is not quite the case<br />
that the six-shilling novel is ousted from the<br />
railway stall by its sixpenny rival: it is, however,<br />
quite true that the six-shilling volume is greatly<br />
damaged by the sixpenny. I believe that one<br />
publisher is going to try the experiment of pro-<br />
ducing books at two prices—a low and a high<br />
price. I can assure him that no one, not even a<br />
millionaire, will pay more than he is obliged to<br />
pay for anything, especially for "something to<br />
read," which is what most people want on a<br />
journey. I watched a stall the other day. There<br />
were offered stories at sixpence—or was it a<br />
shilling?—and the same stories at a penny.<br />
People bought them. Everyone laid down his<br />
penny and took the cheaper book:<br />
"The ephemeral character of the great bulk of current<br />
notion is strikingly illustrated by the snocess obtained in<br />
London by the sixpenny reprints of recent novels and the<br />
melancholy effect which their publication is having on the<br />
sale of the six-shilling novels. On the railway bookstalls<br />
the sixpenny paper-cover has practioally ousted the more<br />
pretentious volume, and when the promised new novels in<br />
sixpenny and shilling volumes come the chances sf the high-<br />
priced, well-bound novels are not of the brightest. The<br />
publio is realising that six shillings is a high price to pay for<br />
merely reading a book; for certainly most books of recent<br />
notion are of little value after being read once; they are<br />
not worth preserving on library shelves. Just as its pre-<br />
decessor, the three-decker, went, unwept and unsung, so<br />
will go the six-shilling book, and cheap editions, with a<br />
limited number bound for library purposes, will prevail.<br />
Neither author nor publisher has nrach to fear by this<br />
prospect, as there is no reason why good, or even indifferent,<br />
novels should not supplant the 'snipped' and 'rag-bag'<br />
papers that now flood the market."<br />
In the same paper I find a note on the<br />
Society and my book. It was not, of course, an<br />
"onslaught on the publishers." It simply stated<br />
what has been already stated over and over again,<br />
that " many publishers" are dishonest in certain<br />
ways that are expressly mentioned and, according<br />
to my view, are ways of dishonesty. These views,<br />
however, seem to be shared by everybody who<br />
takes the trouble to read them.<br />
Sir Walter Besant's "Pen and the Book " onslaught on<br />
the publishers has received opportune support from the<br />
annual report of the Authors' Society just published. In<br />
their efforts for the protection of literary property the<br />
Authors' solicitors dealt with 11o oases during 1898. Of<br />
these, twenty-eight referred to manuscripts which editors or<br />
publishers had not returned; in fifty oases money was<br />
claimed by authors from publishers; and there were twenty-<br />
three cases of dealings between writer and publisher in<br />
which the latter did not produce proper accounts of the<br />
transactions. The Society succeeded in recovering for their<br />
owners more than half of the detained manusoripts, over<br />
four-fifths of the money claimed, and in two oases out of<br />
three compelled the publishers to render satisfactory<br />
acoonnts. Ab practically every well-known English writer<br />
is now a member of the Sooiety of Authors, it has made<br />
Jt E<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 256 (#268) ############################################<br />
<br />
256<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
itaelf a decided factor in the perpetual strife between the<br />
wolf and the lamb—as Sir Walter would put it. The<br />
lamb, however, some publishers think, is growing up into a<br />
very sturdy ram, capable of taking good care of itself.<br />
I have been taken to task for calling the<br />
practice of charging what has not been paid<br />
"thieving." Well: two men embark on an<br />
enterprise the proceeds of which they have agreed<br />
to share in certain proportions: one of them<br />
manages the commercial side, the other trusts<br />
his word implicitly. The managing partner—one<br />
is told not to use the word "partner "—call him<br />
then fellow adrenturer—sends in accounts show-<br />
ing that he has spent £120, when he has only<br />
spent £100, putting the £20 secretly in his own<br />
pocket. What shall we call that act? A lawyer<br />
tells me it is not "theft," but "breach of trust,"<br />
and that I must not call any action "theft"<br />
which the law only calls "breach of trust." I<br />
have put the case to a good many persons. They<br />
all agree that there is no difference in guilt<br />
between the man who thus sends in falsified<br />
accounts and the man who picks a pocket. No<br />
difference at all. If we are agreed that the man<br />
is a Thief, why not say so? I suppose the<br />
offended parties will be angry, but does that<br />
matter?<br />
As for the fact, we cannot too often repeat that<br />
in their proposed draft agreements the publishers<br />
claim the right to overcharge: and as they leave<br />
the percentage blank, they claim the right of<br />
taking whatever they please ; and as they maintain<br />
silence on the question of charging for advertise-<br />
ments which cost them nothing, in spite of the<br />
continued protests of the Society, it is surely not<br />
ill-natured to conclude that they approve of the<br />
practice. And, again, if there is any lingering<br />
doubt as to the truth of the charge, one publisher<br />
was so good as to dispel that doubt by proclaim-<br />
ing and acknowledging that it was his custom to<br />
charge what he had not paid. This was in the<br />
Outlook.<br />
The following paragraph has been sent to me.<br />
It is a cutting from the Independent:<br />
I am sorry to learn that Miss E. Livingston Prescott has<br />
been so much impressed by Sir Walter Besant's denuncia-<br />
tion of publishers that she is keeping her new novel,<br />
"Helot and Hero," in her own hands. It has been pro-<br />
duced, I hear, at her own expense, and is being distributed<br />
by Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall, and Co."<br />
1 wonder what the writer means by the<br />
"denunciation of publishers." He repeats, you<br />
see, the last invention. I say, repeating a charge<br />
advanced over and over again by the Committee<br />
of the Society of Authors in their reports, books,<br />
and papers, that "many publishers "—not all—<br />
have been guilty of charging what has not been<br />
paid. Is this "denunciation of publishers " r<br />
And why is the writer of the paragraph sorry 'i<br />
Is he sorry that an author has learned to manage<br />
his own affairs for himself? Or is he sorry that<br />
a publisher is denied the rights which, according<br />
to the proposed agreements, he claims, of taking<br />
from the proceeds anything he pleases?<br />
In Literature of March the 18th there was<br />
presented a bibliographical survey of the House<br />
of Commons. The literary strength of the<br />
House is surprising. The list does not pretend<br />
to be exhaustive, but it may be taken as fairly<br />
so. It contains 134 names of Members who have<br />
written books or pamphlets. Surely there has<br />
never before been so large a literary element in any<br />
House of Commons. Among the names are some<br />
which belong to the very front rank of contempo-<br />
rary literature, such as, for instance, A. J. Balfour,<br />
Birrell, Bryce, Dilke, Jebb, Lecky, McCarthy, and<br />
John Morley, not to mention lawyers, journalists,<br />
specialists, essayists, and scientific writers, among<br />
them being John Burns, Sir Edward Clarke, Sir<br />
J. C. Colomb, Radcliffe Cooke, Leonard Courtney,<br />
Lord E. Fitzmaurice, Arnold Forster, Goschen,<br />
Haldane, Vernon Harcourt, Henniker Heaton,<br />
Howorth, Labouchere, Lubbock, Marquis of Lorne,<br />
Sir H. E. Maxwell, T. P. O'Connor, T. W. Russell,<br />
H. M. Stanley, Sir Howard Vincent, Carvell<br />
Williams, and many others. There are, in fact,<br />
at least thirty considerable authors in the House<br />
of Commons ; and of writers of books, journalists,<br />
and writers of pamphlets there are at least 134,<br />
say, one in four. It would be curious to compare<br />
this list with the corresponding list in the<br />
American House of Representatives. A little<br />
analysis of the list shows that many have written<br />
on several subjects. The following numbers,<br />
therefore, sometimes include the same name more<br />
than once. In poetry there are four; in philo-<br />
sophy three; in biography and history there are<br />
thirty; on military and naval matters there are<br />
three; on education two; on essays four; on law<br />
thirteen; on fiction nine; on religion three; on<br />
travel fourteen; on science sixteen; on political<br />
economy thirteen; on politics five; on Colonial<br />
topics one; and under the head of miscellaneous,<br />
including writers of occasional pamphlets, there<br />
are thirty-two. ijio<br />
Since we have so large a literary company in<br />
the House of Commons, would it not be possible<br />
to use this interesting fact for some practical<br />
purpose? There is, for instance, one little reform<br />
that is badly wanted. It is a slight change in<br />
the wording of the Resolution of 1837 by which<br />
the Civil Pension List was created. That resolu-<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 257 (#269) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
257<br />
tion granted a sum of .£1200 every year—not<br />
£1200 a year in all—to be devoted to pensions for<br />
persons distinguished in Literature, Science, or<br />
Art, or for those whom the Sovereign may think<br />
fit to honour. We want the last words left out,<br />
so that no one unconnected with Literature,<br />
Science, or Art shall receive a pension from<br />
this fund. On the other hand, the tendency for<br />
some years has been to use the fund for widows<br />
and daughters rather than for actual workers.<br />
After the words "persons distinguished in Litera-<br />
ture, Science, or Art" should come the words<br />
"or their widows or children if these are in<br />
straitened means," or words to that effect.<br />
Walter Besant.<br />
ITALY AND THE UNITED STATES.<br />
Translation from " I Diritti d'Autore, Bolletino<br />
degli atti e hotizie della Societa Italiana degli<br />
Autori." Anno XVIII., Num. 1-2. Gennaio-<br />
Febbraio, 1889. Page 1.<br />
THE Italian Association of Typographical<br />
Publishers has presented to the Minister<br />
of Agriculture, Industry, and Commerce,<br />
the following memorial, drawn up by the advo-<br />
cate, Ferrucio Foil, in which it begs for a revision<br />
of the Convention for the reciprocal protection<br />
of intellectual works between Italy and the<br />
United States:<br />
To His Excellency the Minister of Agriculture,<br />
Industry and Commerce.<br />
Rome.<br />
May it please Your Excellency:<br />
The Italian Association of Typographical<br />
Publishers previously had occasion, in 1891, to<br />
present to the Italian Government a memorial<br />
respecting the steps which were then being taken<br />
towards a Convention with the United States<br />
regarding artistic and literary property.<br />
At present this Convention has been agreed<br />
upon, and has been in force for some years, so<br />
that it is possible to study its results, and to form<br />
a mature judgment of its effects: and the same<br />
Association takes the liberty of placing before<br />
your Excellency some observations on this<br />
subject.<br />
The Association is convinced that this Con-<br />
vention is injurious to the interests of the Italian<br />
book-trade, and therefore suggests that your<br />
Excellency—in accordance with the clause which<br />
gives both of the contracting parties power to<br />
denounce the Convention at any time—might<br />
treat with the Government of the United States,<br />
with a view to the regulation of the reciprocal<br />
terms of the Convention in some manner more<br />
consonant with the interest of Italian citizeus.<br />
Undoubtedly the law of March 3, 1891 (Copy-<br />
right Act) marked an epoch in copyright legisla-<br />
tion, inasmuch as the United States of America<br />
had, until that time, refused to accord any pro-<br />
tection to the rights of foreigners.<br />
It was, perhaps, in consequence of this that<br />
many European States hastened to conclude<br />
treaties which might enable them to avail them-<br />
selves of the concessions which had been made.<br />
This was done by England (which had the<br />
strongest reasons for taking this step, on account<br />
of the identity of the language, which made com-<br />
pliance with the requirements of the Copyright<br />
Act very easy), by France, by Belgium, by<br />
Switzerland, and finally by Germany.<br />
Italy followed the example of the sister<br />
nations, and joined the Convention, by a royal<br />
decree of Jan. 18, 1893, No. 17.<br />
The terms which the Copyright Act impose<br />
upon foreigners as conditions of obtaining pro-<br />
tection are such that they render illusory the<br />
protection accorded books, lithographs, and<br />
photographs. This can be stated without hesi-<br />
tation, seeing that both the tenor of the terms<br />
of the Act, and experience, prove the fact.<br />
At the present time the works of Italian<br />
authors begin to be known and sought after in<br />
foreign countries; and yet Italian authors and<br />
editors would rather leave the American pub-<br />
lishers at liberty to translate and reprint their<br />
works than avail themselves of the provisions of<br />
the Copyright Act.<br />
This is an incontrovertible proof of the useless-<br />
ness of the protection afforded. And hence it<br />
arises that the publishers find themselves com-<br />
pelled to appeal to your Excellency's perspicacity.<br />
So long as the Italian exportation was very small,<br />
and the property to be protected consequently<br />
insignificant, the Italian book trade had no<br />
actual reason to protest against the Convention.<br />
Now, however, when happily the exportation is<br />
increasing rapidly, it is necessary that a pro-<br />
vision should be made for the protection of<br />
Italian interests.<br />
The twelfth Article of the Copyright Act enacts<br />
as follows: "This Act shall not apply to the<br />
citizens of a foreign State, unless that State<br />
accords the citizens of the United States the<br />
benefit of a protection of copyright on a basis<br />
substantially the same as that on which pro-<br />
tection is accorded to its own citizens. . . .<br />
The existence of these conditions shall be deter-<br />
mined by a proclamation of the President."<br />
Therefore, in accordance with this Article,<br />
foreigners who desire to avail themselves of the<br />
Copyright Act, after their Government has ob-<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 258 (#270) ############################################<br />
<br />
258<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
tained the prescribed proclamation, have to<br />
comply with certain prescriptions which the law<br />
has enacted for American citizens. So, in ac-<br />
cordance with paragraph 4956, protection cannot<br />
be claimed unless two copies of the book which<br />
is to be protected have been, at the latest on the<br />
day of publication, sent to the Librarian of<br />
Congress in the United States, or, in the case of<br />
a foreign country, have been deposited with the<br />
post in the territory of the "United States addressed<br />
to the Librarian. But this is not enough. These two<br />
copies must have been printed from type composed<br />
in the territory of the United States, or from stereo-<br />
typed plates made from type so composed. If,<br />
then, the European author of a work does not<br />
wish to lose the benefits of the American pro-<br />
tection, he must, before offering his work to the<br />
public in his own country, find a publisher in the<br />
United States, he must send him a copy of his<br />
manuscript, wait until a translation of it has<br />
been made, until the American typographical<br />
composition has been completed, and until two<br />
copies of the translation thus printed have<br />
been consigned to the Librarian of Congress at<br />
Washington, or lodged with the post, addressed to<br />
him. Then alone can he proceed to issue the<br />
original edition of his book. The slightest<br />
mistake, the smallest delay which may occur in<br />
the composition in the United States, causing the<br />
author, in his ignorance of it, to produce the<br />
original publication but one day before the trans-<br />
lation, and the protection becomes null, all the<br />
steps taken are void, and pirate publishers can<br />
produce the work with impunity, without either<br />
author or publisher possessing any rights.<br />
The explanation of the system suffices to prove<br />
that it is absolutely impossible for our authors to<br />
get protection of their rights. It will be under-<br />
stood that the English are able to comply with<br />
the terms imposed. The identity of language<br />
renders translation unnecessary, and the trans-<br />
mission of their works easy and profitable. But<br />
where there is a question of translation, the home<br />
market must be thought of before the inter-<br />
national market. How shall it be foreseen that<br />
the book will have but a small success, or that it<br />
shall have such a success that it will cross the<br />
Atlantic, and make profitable and possible an<br />
American translation before the book has been<br />
published in Italy?<br />
We have pointed out to your Excellency how<br />
the English find themselves in a privileged posi-<br />
tion when compared with the European States.<br />
Nevertheless, even amongst them the special con-<br />
ditions of simultaneous printing which the Ameri-<br />
can law imposes have created grave inconveniences,<br />
and sometimes have rendered protection impos-<br />
sible. Some of these cases were mentioned in the<br />
bulletin of the Berne Bureau, which quoted the<br />
words of an American publicist, who made in the<br />
Nation the following important declaration:<br />
"Professor Mover is the victim of our stupid con-<br />
dition of American fabrication, upon which the<br />
protection of the Copyright Act depends."<br />
In Germany, the agitation against the treaty is<br />
also active. In the words of the deputy Dietz,<br />
"Germany gives freely, to receive but a meagre<br />
return."<br />
If these words are true of Germany and of the<br />
European States, they are much more true of<br />
Italy, which gives much more than all the<br />
other European States. In fact, the other States<br />
impose upon the Americans who wish to obtain<br />
literary protection more or less extended formali-<br />
ties. In England, the publication must be simul-<br />
taneous in both countries—here there is an exact<br />
reciprocity—the title must be registered at<br />
Stationers' Hall, and a fee of 5s. paid. In France<br />
two copies of the publication must be deposited<br />
with the Minister of the Interior, &c.<br />
In Italy, on the contrary, no formality is pre-<br />
scribed, and the American citizen finds himself<br />
in a better position than the Italian himself.<br />
To obtain the protection] of the law the Italian<br />
must comply with the formalities prescribed by<br />
the law of 1882. The American citizen is not<br />
obliged to do this. If he has, at the time of the<br />
publication of the original edition, complied with<br />
the formalities prescribed by his own legislation,<br />
this suffices to secure him the protection of the<br />
law in Italy. In fact, Article 40 of the Act con-<br />
templates the case of a State which promises<br />
protection to other States on the condition that<br />
the latter shall guarantee the authors of works<br />
published in its territories all the rights and pro-<br />
tections sanctioned by their legislation; and in<br />
this case authorises the Government to accord<br />
reciprocity by a Royal decree. This is precisely<br />
the case of the United States. For such States<br />
Article 40 enacts: "If in a foreign State deposit<br />
of copies is prescribed, or a declaration at the<br />
time of publication of a work, proof that one or<br />
the other has been executed in conformity with<br />
the law of the country suffices to secure for the<br />
work published here the author's copyright in this<br />
Kingdom. Under the opposite hypothesis the<br />
deposit and the declaration prescribed in the<br />
present law can be effected either in Italy or<br />
abroad at an Italian Consulate." Seeing, then,<br />
that the Royal decree exists between Italy and<br />
the United States, and that in the United States<br />
deposit in the Library of Congress is prescribed,<br />
it follows that the deposit effected at Washington<br />
gives, without any further formality, a right to<br />
protection in Italy.<br />
Your Excellency will perceive how different is<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 259 (#271) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
259<br />
the position of the citizens of the two States<br />
between which a reciprocity was to be established<br />
—one that exists in the letter of the treaty only,<br />
and certainly not in its essential working.<br />
It is impossible for a moment to entertain any<br />
doubt of the immediate necessity of obtaining a<br />
real protection for Italian intellectual works,<br />
which are beginning to have a sale on the<br />
American Continent.<br />
If there be any difficulty which can oppose the<br />
equitable wishes of the Italian authors and pub-<br />
lishers, it is that which may arise from the con-<br />
flicting interests of the former and those of<br />
musical authors and publishers. ^Respecting<br />
these works, it is for the future agreed, in conse-<br />
quence of a number of legal decisions, that they<br />
ueed not be manufactured in the United States.<br />
But your Excellency's high intelligence and<br />
right judgment will doubtlessly discover some<br />
manner of combining the interests of both<br />
parties, seeing that it is not just that one section<br />
of producers of intellectual works should be<br />
sacrificed to the other.<br />
The Italian Association of Typographical Pub-<br />
lishers therefore trusts that your Excellency will<br />
be so good as, without ipso facto denouncing the<br />
treaty, to open communications with the Govern-<br />
ment of Washington with a view to some just<br />
modification that may safeguard the interests of<br />
all Italian citizens.<br />
It is certain that the Washington Government<br />
ought not to wish the treaty denounced, seeing<br />
that it gives, as we have shown, a large pro-<br />
tection to American writers, who are beginning to<br />
find a sale in our Peninsula.<br />
As England has succeeded in stipulating for a<br />
treaty which protects the authors of both States<br />
in a perfectly equal manner, so we trust<br />
your Excellency may be able to induce the<br />
Government of the United States to agree to a<br />
treaty more in accord with the interests of Italians<br />
than that which at present exists. And consider-<br />
ing that the Copyright Act does take account of<br />
the principle of reciprocity, if it be pointed out<br />
that, with the present treaty, that reciprocity does<br />
not really exist, the Washington Government<br />
cannot refuse to discuss the subject; and this<br />
the more as the obligations imposed by the Copy-<br />
right Act were suggested only by a desire of<br />
protection from English competition, certainly<br />
without reference to other States.<br />
We shall certainly not here presume to suggest<br />
to your Excellency the means to be adopted to<br />
carry out the end desired. For the Italian<br />
Association of Typographical Publishers it is<br />
enough to have pointed out this important<br />
subject to the attention of your Excellency. For<br />
musical works the treaty may certainly remain<br />
such as it is at present. It sufficiently protects<br />
such artistic property. For books, lithographs,<br />
and photographs it may, on the other hand, be<br />
possible to procure the abrogation of the principle<br />
which imposes simultaneous publication in both<br />
countries and the printing from American type<br />
or composition. This is the greatest desideratum.<br />
To obtain it it will suffice that the United States<br />
should apply the principle of a real reciprocity in<br />
the manner in which it is understood and applied<br />
by our Legislation. That is to say, to secure pro-<br />
tection in a foreign State it is not necessary to<br />
conform with the laws of that State, but it<br />
suffices to have complied with the requirements<br />
of the State of origin. So, as at present, as the<br />
American citizen who has made the prescribed<br />
deposit in the Library of Congress is thereby at<br />
once, without any further formality, protected in<br />
Italy, so it ought to be established that the<br />
Italian citizen who has done what the Italian law<br />
requires should, without further formalities, be<br />
entitled to the protection of the American<br />
tribunals.<br />
If it is not possible to secure this result, it<br />
should at least be possible to obtain this, that the<br />
citizen of those States cannot have protection in<br />
Italy for his literary labours unless the work is<br />
printed simultaneously in the country of origin<br />
and in Italy.<br />
These and other modifications may be weighed<br />
and brought into effect by your Excellency. And<br />
if nothing can be obtained, it will be at least<br />
opportune to agree that, whilst the treaty shall<br />
continue in force for musical works, it shall be<br />
abrogated for books. In this way the Italian<br />
author will lose nothing, since, as we see, the<br />
present protection is illusory. But, at least, the<br />
American also will not be protected by us, and<br />
the works of the United States will become<br />
public property. Complete liberty in both coun-<br />
tries will be better, as the present state of the<br />
case is this, that we give the American more<br />
protection than the Italian citizen, whilst in the<br />
United States the Italian intellectual works are<br />
exploited by everyone without their authors or<br />
their publishers, who have been at the expense<br />
and trouble of producing them, receiving any<br />
tangible advantage from their labours. In effect,<br />
as has been said in a notable article published in<br />
the Bulletin of Berne, since that after Zola no<br />
one on the Continent has found it convenient to<br />
make an American edition, the pirates have been<br />
able to declare that foreigners do not wish to<br />
avail themselves of the benefits of the American<br />
law, and so have robbed them with the greatest<br />
coolness.<br />
Your Excellency:<br />
The Italian Association of Typographical Pub-<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 260 (#272) ############################################<br />
<br />
260<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
lishers trusts that your Excellency will make a<br />
serious examination of the question which it has<br />
had' the honour of laying before you. Italian<br />
works, as has been already said, are beginning to<br />
be disseminated in the United States, and this<br />
dissemination will in the future become greater.<br />
It is necessary to take precautions for the future<br />
that the frait of so much labour and of so many<br />
expenses may not be lost in that country which<br />
pays the highest price for the things which it<br />
consumes, of whatsoever kind they may be. In<br />
the United States, too, the principles of a true<br />
and real protection of intellectual works are con-<br />
stantly making advance. It undoubtedly follows<br />
that the Government of Washington will not<br />
altogether easily suffer the Italian treaty to be<br />
denounced, particularly as this might be the<br />
prelude of a similar reaction in other States. It<br />
should, therefore, be possible to obtain a revision<br />
of the treaty in a sense in conformity with Italian<br />
interests.<br />
The Italian Association of Typographical<br />
Publishers has great confidence in the high<br />
sense of your Excellency, and awaits with tran-<br />
quility to see your efforts crowned with that<br />
success which neither can nor ought to be un-<br />
attainable in so patriotic an enterprise.<br />
THE ANNUAL DINNER.<br />
THE Annual Dinner of the Society of Authors<br />
will be held at the Trocadero Restaurant,<br />
Piccadilly, W., on Thursday, May 4, at<br />
7.30 p.m. The chair will be taken by Mr. Augus-<br />
tine Birrell, Q.C., M.P. Tickets for the dinner<br />
will be 1 guinea, inclusive of everything. The<br />
formal notice of the dinner will be sent out to<br />
each member in the course of a day or so. The<br />
following ladies and gentlemen have kindly con-<br />
sented to act as stewards of the dinner:<br />
The Eev. E. A. Abbott, D.D.<br />
William Allingham, F.E.C.S.<br />
Sir Edwin Arnold, K.C.I.E.,<br />
C.S.I.<br />
Sir Robert S. Ball, LL.D.,<br />
P.E.S.<br />
Bobert Bateman.<br />
Miss A. E. Bayly ("Edna<br />
Lyall.")<br />
Arthur W. a-Beckett.<br />
P. B. Beddard, F.E.S.<br />
E. F. Benson.<br />
Sir Henry G. Bergne,<br />
K.C.M.G.<br />
Mrs. Osear Beringer.<br />
Sir Walter Besant.<br />
W. H. Besant, F.B.S., D.Sc.<br />
ponlteney Bigelow.<br />
Mrs. Craigie (" Jchn Oliver<br />
Hobbes.")<br />
Oswald Crawford, C.M.G.<br />
Mrs. B. M. Croker.<br />
Lady Florence Dixie.<br />
Austin Dobson.<br />
Sir George Douglas, Bart.<br />
Prof. E. Dowden, LL.D., &c.<br />
A. Conan Doyle, M.D.<br />
A. W. Dnbourg.<br />
TheVen. Archdeacon Farrar,<br />
D.D., F.E.S.<br />
Basil Field.<br />
Prof. Michael Foster, F.E.S.,<br />
D.Sc, &c.<br />
Douglas W. Freshfield.<br />
Signor Manuel Garcia.<br />
Eichard Garnett, C.B.,<br />
LL.D.<br />
Kenneth Grahame.<br />
Francis Gribble.<br />
H. Eider Haggard.<br />
Prof. J. W. Hales.<br />
Thomas Hardy.<br />
Anthony Hope Hawkins.<br />
Silas K. Hocking.<br />
E. W. Hornnng.<br />
Mrs. Humphreys (" Eita").<br />
Sir Henry Irving.<br />
Dr. Sophia Jex-Blake.<br />
The Eev. Prebendary Harry<br />
Jones.<br />
Henry Arthur Jones.<br />
H. G. Keene, CLE.<br />
J. Scott Keltie, LL D.<br />
Mrs. Edward Kennard.<br />
The Very Eev. Dean Kit-<br />
chin, D.D., F.S.A.<br />
W. E. H. Leoky, P.C.<br />
Lady William Lennox.<br />
J. Stanley Little.<br />
Sir Norman Lookyer,K.C.B.,<br />
P.E S.<br />
Sir John Lubbock, Bart.,<br />
P.O., &o.<br />
Eichard Marsh.<br />
The Eev. Prof. T. G.Bonney,<br />
F.E.S.<br />
Oscar Browning.<br />
Prof. C. A. Buchheim.<br />
Mrs. Hodgson Harnett.<br />
Mrs. Mona Caird.<br />
Lady Colin Campbell.<br />
Prof. Lewis Campbell.<br />
Eosa Nouchette Carey.<br />
Egerton Castle, F.S.A.<br />
Sir WiUiam Charley, Q.C.,<br />
D.C.L.<br />
Prof. A. H. Church, F.E.S.<br />
Mrs. W. K. Clifford.<br />
Edward Clodd.<br />
W. Morris Colles.<br />
The Hon. Jchn Collier.<br />
Sir Martin Conway.<br />
the Lord<br />
, F.E.S.<br />
Florence Marryat.<br />
Sir Herbert Maxwell, Bart.,<br />
P.C.<br />
Justin McCarthy.<br />
George Meredith.<br />
Jean Middlemass.<br />
The Eev. A. W. Momerie.<br />
F. Frankfort Moore.<br />
Arthur Morrison.<br />
Henry Norman.<br />
W. E. Norris.<br />
Gilbert Parker.<br />
Max Pemberton.<br />
The Eight Hon.<br />
Pirbright, P.C,<br />
Sir. Frederick Pollock, Bart.,<br />
LL.D.<br />
Morley Eoberts.<br />
W. M. Eossetti.<br />
Owen Seaman.<br />
Prof. Adam Sedgwick.<br />
G. Bernard Shaw.<br />
The Eev. Prof. Skeat, LL.D.<br />
Herbert Spencer.<br />
M. H. Spielmann.<br />
Victor Spiers.<br />
Sir John Stainer, Mub. Doc.<br />
Prof. Villiers Stanford, Mus.<br />
Doc.<br />
Henry M. Stanley.<br />
J. Ashby Sterry.<br />
Bram Stoker.<br />
Francis Storr.<br />
The Duohess of Sutherland.<br />
Sir Eichard Temple, Bart,<br />
G.C.S.I., &o.<br />
Sir Henry Thompson, Bart.,<br />
F.E.C.S., &o.<br />
The Eev. Prebendary God-<br />
frey Thring.<br />
J. Todhunter, M.D.<br />
"Mark Twain."<br />
Mrs. Humphry Ward.<br />
Alfred E. T. Watson.<br />
J. McNeill Whistler.<br />
Miss Charlotte M. Yonge.<br />
KING ALFRED MEMORIAL.<br />
AMEETING in connection with the proposed<br />
national commemoration in 1901 of the<br />
thousandth anniversary of the death of<br />
King Alfred was held at the Mansion House,<br />
on March 6, the Lord Mayor of London pre-<br />
siding. Mr. Hamo Thornycroft has been asked<br />
if he will undertake the colossal statue, for<br />
which a site has been given by the Mayor<br />
of Winchester. For the memorial hall, or<br />
museum, it has been decided to select the<br />
historic grounds of Wolvesey Castle (close to the<br />
statue) which, till about a century ago, was the<br />
residence of Kings, or the home of the Bishops<br />
of Winchester, traditionally from the time of<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 261 (#273) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
Bishop Agilbert, in the seventh century. It has<br />
been decided also to issue a popular record of King<br />
Alfred's life, containing contributions on Saxon<br />
Laws, by Sir Frederick Pollock; on Saxon Arts,<br />
by the Rev. W. J. Loftie; on Alfred as a religious<br />
man and educationist, by the Bishop of Bristol;<br />
Alfred as a geographer, by Sir Clements Mark-<br />
ham; as a warrior, by Professor Oman; and as a<br />
writer, by Professor Earle. Sir Walter Besant<br />
will write an introduction, and the Poet Laureate<br />
hopes to contribute verses.<br />
—<br />
WILLIAM BLACK MEMORIAL-<br />
LORD ARCHIBALD CAMPBELL issued,<br />
on Feb. 27, the following circular:—A<br />
committee has been formed for the purpose<br />
of establishing a memorial to the late William<br />
Black. It is proposed that friends and admirers<br />
of the late novelist throughout the world be<br />
invited to contribute to this purpose. This<br />
memorial may take the form of a lifeboat for the<br />
West Coast of Scotland if a useful position be<br />
found for it there. If not, the committee will<br />
consider the form the memorial should take. Two<br />
officials of the Northern Lights Commissioners<br />
are now investigating the matter. A list of the<br />
committee will be advertised in the leading<br />
journals. In the meantime subscriptions will be<br />
received by Messrs. Coutts, 59, Strand, London,<br />
and by the editor of the Oban Times, Oban,<br />
KB.<br />
INTERNATIONAL PRESS CONGRESS.<br />
MR. JAMES BAKER, author of "The<br />
Cardinal's Page," has just left for Rome,<br />
as English delegate to the International<br />
Press Congress; he will act as German inter-<br />
preter to the English section. The principal<br />
subjects for discussion at the congress are an<br />
international "carte d'identite" for Press-men<br />
travelling abroad; the establishment of a central<br />
official periodical for Press matters, although<br />
"La Presse Internationale" will serve that<br />
purpose at present; Press legislation in various<br />
countries; artistic property; reduction of postal<br />
tariffs for papers; adoption of an abbreviated<br />
international code for Press telegrams; and the<br />
legal position of journalists in various countries,<br />
&c. We hope to receive a full account of the<br />
proceedings from Mr. James Baker for our next<br />
issue.<br />
THE ROYAL LITERARY FUND.<br />
riHHE annual general meeting in connection<br />
I with the Royal Literary Fund was held at<br />
the offices in Adelphi-terrace, on March 8,<br />
Sir M. E. Grant Luff presiding. The report pre-<br />
sented by Sir Theodore Martin showed that grants<br />
to the amount of .£1905 had been made during the<br />
year to twenty-seven different cases. The par-<br />
ticulars of these were as follows : Class T. (history<br />
and biography, &c.), four grants, .£450 ; Class II.<br />
(science and art), four grants, .£230; Class III.<br />
(classical literature and education), four grants,<br />
£420; Class IV. (novels and tales), four grants,<br />
. £ 12 5; Class V. (poetry and the drama), three grants,<br />
.£340; Class VI. (miscellaneous), eight grants,<br />
.£340; total, twenty-seven grants, .£1905. There<br />
were relieved: fourteen males, .£855; thirteen<br />
females (viz., eight authors, .£410; four widows,<br />
.£600; one orphan, .£40), .£1050; total, .£1905.<br />
The total receipts amounted to over .£4000,<br />
and of this about .£1800 has been invested. A<br />
total sum of .£56,269 is now invested, producing<br />
an income of .£1700. Sir T. Martin pointed out<br />
that in this way the fund was being rendered less<br />
dependent on fluctuating subscriptions.<br />
Mr. Brabrook objected that there was no<br />
necessity for accumulating investments. They<br />
were not a commercial body, but were intended to<br />
assist authors and others connected with the pro-<br />
fession of literature who had fallen into distress.<br />
He knew that the Fund was very well adminis-<br />
tered, but he could scarcely think that twenty-<br />
seven constituted the whole number of persons it<br />
was meant to relieve. He would rather see the<br />
number doubled and the amount of relief also<br />
doubled than add to the .£60,000 invested capital<br />
of this admirably managed institution. He<br />
thought the Fund had enough invested to insure<br />
stability.<br />
Sir T. Martin explained that he had not meant<br />
by his remark that they ought in any way to con-<br />
tract their grants, but only to invest certain<br />
special gifts.<br />
The report was adopted unanimously. The<br />
Duke of Devonshire and Mr. Edward Dicey were<br />
chosen to fill the vacancies among the vice-presi-<br />
dents caused by the deaths of Mr. Gladstone and<br />
Lord Herschell.<br />
CORRESPONDENCE.<br />
I.—The Use of Extracts.<br />
ISHOULD be much interested to know what is<br />
the generally accepted rule for the use of<br />
extracts from standard authors, and whether<br />
my experience in this respect be an unusual one. A<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 262 (#274) ############################################<br />
<br />
262<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
short time since the editor of a well-known and<br />
long-established magazine accepted from me an<br />
article on a literary subject, which contained trans-<br />
lations of a few sonnets and extracts from one or<br />
two longer poems, made by a distinguished writer<br />
who has been dead a few years. I wrote under<br />
advice to this gentleman's brother and literary<br />
representative to ask his permission to use them.<br />
He gave me a cordial consent, but added, "The<br />
copyright is in a general sense mine, but the pub-<br />
lishers (name and address) have also an interest<br />
in it, and it would be better if you consulted<br />
them as well. They would, I apprehend, make no<br />
difficulty." I was, therefore, considerably sur-<br />
prised when the publishers did make a difficulty<br />
to the extent of asking two guineas for the use<br />
of the extracts. As I did not feel disposed to<br />
pay this, I inquired what charge (if any) they<br />
would make for the use of part of one extract<br />
and three lines from a sonnet. For this they<br />
replied they would make a " nominal charge" of<br />
i0s. 6d. I declined their kind offer, and either<br />
deleted the translations or substituted versions of<br />
my own. It was fortunate that I was able to do<br />
so without material damage to the article, but<br />
there might be circumstances under which it<br />
would not be possible. For the use of quotations<br />
as chapter headings, or in volumes of extracts, it<br />
surely cannot be customary to charge to this<br />
extent? If so, I fear literature would suffer, as<br />
few authors can afford to pay at this rate, and<br />
consequently quotations would be to a great<br />
measure barred. I should add that I was, of<br />
course, prepared, and told the publishers so, to<br />
make full acknowledgment if they had given<br />
their consent. f_ N. C.<br />
II.—Payment on Acceptance.<br />
May I add another to your list of magazines<br />
as paying for articles on acceptance? This is the<br />
invariable rule of Great Thoughts.<br />
Herbert D. Williams.<br />
III.—Writing for Low Pay.<br />
1.<br />
In reference to certain remarks in the Queen<br />
(see enclosed cutting*) may I mention the follow-<br />
ing facts?<br />
* "A oorreepondent sends a letter concerning the women<br />
who write for nothing, or for low pay, because they are placed<br />
beyond the need of working for their livelihood. She says<br />
that she has sent many papers —stories and other things—<br />
to the editors of papers; that they have been accepted;<br />
that generally payment is either refused, or that application<br />
for payment is not answered. She says, quite rightly, that<br />
when an editor receives a MS. he must know that it is not<br />
sent as a gift, and that it is his duty either to return the<br />
MS. or to warn the author that if it appears it will not be<br />
paid for,"<br />
Women are by no means the worst offenders in<br />
this matter. I was for over six years editress of<br />
a popular London novelette, which paid one<br />
all round price for its stories (.£6) ; but I have<br />
had letters over and over again from writers (of<br />
both sexes) saying that if only their MSS. could<br />
be taken, they would gladly accept £2, and pur-<br />
chase 100 copies. I need hardly say the offer<br />
was invariably refused.<br />
There are—judging from twenty years' experi-<br />
ence in what are called penny papers—two classes<br />
of people willing to write below market value:<br />
1. The amateur who has a comfortable home, and<br />
only wants the pleasure of appearing in print.<br />
2. The very poor and unsophisticated writer, who,<br />
knowing nothing of the prices that rule in literary<br />
work, honestly thinks £2 or .£3 fair remuneration<br />
for a story that took perhaps a week to write.<br />
I do not think this class should be harshly<br />
judged; they could not earn .£3—or even £2—<br />
by teaching, by fancy work, or by any of the<br />
many vaunted "Home" employments, their<br />
expenditure has been perhaps 6d. of paper, and so<br />
the £2 or .£3 when it comes seems handsome.<br />
If the correspondent referred to is writing of<br />
the better class magazines, notably those pub-<br />
lished by religious societies, it is a well-known<br />
fact that many clergymen and ladies of rank do<br />
write gratuitously for these, thinking it a sort of<br />
charity or a work for religion.<br />
I have been writing (in penny papers only) for<br />
over twenty-five years, but / never once had pay-<br />
ment for an article refused.<br />
I think perhaps a very simple plan has safe-<br />
guarded me from the difficulties mentioned by<br />
your correspondent. In writing to strangers (i.e.<br />
unknown editors) I always indorse my MSS. on<br />
title page: "Payment expected," and in an accom-<br />
panying letter I " hope they may be inclined to<br />
purchase MSS." (I fancy the general wording is<br />
"accept"). I have never known this plan to fail,<br />
and now for many years past I have been earn-<br />
ing a very comfortable income from penny papers.<br />
A Story Writer.<br />
11.<br />
The conviction is growing amongst observers of<br />
the difficulties, trials, and unnecessary anxieties<br />
inflicted upon writers for magazines, reviews, and<br />
journals that, until a number of such writers<br />
unite upon certain points and, as a body, make a<br />
stand for fairness, the present unbusinesslike<br />
habits of editors in dealing with MSS. and the<br />
unjust rates of payment will continue. Would it<br />
be possible for, say, fifty or sixty respected and<br />
self-respecting people to adopt some such plan as<br />
that followed by typewriters and fix a minimum<br />
sum below which they would not sell their<br />
articles?<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 263 (#275) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
263<br />
In England the smallest amount per page<br />
offered writers of established reputation is one<br />
guinea; in the United States about seven dollars.<br />
They usually, of course, receive more but never<br />
(so far as I am able to ascertain) less.<br />
On the other hand, the largest sum offered<br />
writers not so well known is, in England, a<br />
guinea, in America, seven dollars a page; the<br />
smallest is any pittance that an editor chooses to<br />
assign; their maximum pay is therefore never<br />
greater than the minimum amount received by the<br />
well-known. So far the proportion is, perhaps,<br />
save in special cases, just.<br />
But should their minimum price be permitted<br />
to descend below 10s. per page of 500 words, or<br />
one guinea for 1000 words for magazines and<br />
reviews f Or 15*. per page of 500 words and 30*.<br />
for 1000 words for journals, newspapers, and all<br />
other publications?<br />
No doubt it would seem to editors a joke if<br />
they were to receive a printed card setting forth<br />
such terms.<br />
But why should one set of literary workers<br />
continue to press so heavily upon another set?<br />
A. M. B.<br />
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.<br />
T.—Who am I Like?<br />
Please allow me a corner in which to traverse<br />
the extraordinary statement of a correspondent<br />
signing himself "Grammar," that "Who am I<br />
like?" is right, and "Whom am I like':'" is<br />
wrong.<br />
I contend that the latter is correct, the accusa-<br />
tive case being governed by the preposition " to"<br />
understood. The sentence is really elliptical for<br />
"To whom am I like '<"<br />
If this does not carry conviction, let us put it<br />
to the test by answering the question. "Who<br />
am I like?" asks "Grammar." "You are like<br />
he," is the grammatically consistent reply. The<br />
verb " to be" governs the nominative case! Yes;<br />
but the preposition "to" (understood) requires<br />
the accusative.<br />
In an old novel by Mr. Sala—" The Seven Sons<br />
of Mammon "—there are two instances in which<br />
that practised writer says "whom I believe was"<br />
so-and-so. It is astounding.<br />
Cacophony is sometimes inseparable from<br />
strict accuracy. This shows that the ear has<br />
become degenerate, from being accustomed to<br />
incorrect expressions. "He left before I " is<br />
quite accurate, if "before" is an adverb of<br />
time; it means "before I did." "He left<br />
before me" really means that he walked in<br />
front of me.<br />
Once more. "Those sort of things" and "that<br />
sort of things " are both as vile as they can be;<br />
ugly and ungrammatical into the bargain. But<br />
happily there is a tertium quid. I submit that<br />
the true form is " things of that sort."<br />
Frederic H. Balfour.<br />
II.—The Queen's English.<br />
In a morning paper: "There is no shame<br />
in a man changing [i.e., who changes] his<br />
mind." Then a man who changes his mind is<br />
to be supposed devoid of shame, which is hard.<br />
The " no shame " is surely not in the man, but in<br />
his change of opinion. "There is no harm in a<br />
man's expressing his opinion in certain circum-<br />
stances "; but to say that a man who expresses<br />
his opinions is therefore harmless, would be rash.<br />
Yet that is the strict meaning of" There is no<br />
harm in a man expressing," &c.<br />
False Genitive.<br />
BOOK TALE.<br />
MR. W. S. LILLY has in the press a new<br />
work dealing with the philosophy of<br />
government, and entitled "First Prin-<br />
ciples in Politics." It will be published imme-<br />
diately by Mr. Murray.<br />
Mr. J. W. Headlam, of Cambridge, has written<br />
a volume entitled " Bismarck and the New German<br />
Empire" for Messrs. Putnam's "Heioesof the<br />
Nation" Series.<br />
One of the most important biographies of the<br />
Spring season will naturally be that of William<br />
Morris, which Mr. J. W. Mackail has written.<br />
Some of the chapters of the book are based prin-<br />
cipally on information given to the author by<br />
Sir Edwird Burne-Jones, and others who knew<br />
Morris intimately have rendered Mr. Mackail<br />
similar service. He has also had complete access<br />
to Morris's papers, and deals fully with the<br />
Socialist part of the career.<br />
A new story by B. L. Farjeon, called " Samuel<br />
Boyd, of Catchpole Square," is being published<br />
by Messrs. Hutchinson.<br />
Mr. Max Pemberton's new story "The Garden<br />
of Swords" deals with the great siege of Stras-<br />
burg in the Franco-German VVar, and in the love-<br />
interest the heroine is an English girl who was<br />
married to a French officer on the eve of the<br />
campaign. The book will be published at once by<br />
Messrs. Cassell.<br />
Professor Davidson, of Aberdeen University,<br />
has written a book on "Christian Ethics" for<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 264 (#276) ############################################<br />
<br />
264<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
Messrs. A. and C. Black's "Guild Library"<br />
Series.<br />
In view of the Cromwell Tercentenary on<br />
April 25, a book on "Oliver Cromwell and His<br />
Times " has been written by Mr. G. Holden Pike,<br />
and will be published by Mr. Fisher Unwin.<br />
Professor Arber is editing a series of British<br />
authologies of English verse, representing 300<br />
authors, and containing about 2500 entire poems<br />
and songs, besides a limited number of extracts.<br />
The first anthology will deal with the poet<br />
Dunbar. Each volume will have an index and a<br />
glossary. The Oxford University Press is the<br />
publisher.<br />
Formal application has been made to the<br />
Treasury for a Civil List pension for the widow<br />
of the late Mr. Gleeson White.<br />
Mr. Wheatley's edition of Pepys's Diary will be<br />
complete in two more volumes, one of which con-<br />
sists of the index, while the other is devoted to<br />
Pepysiana, including a chapter on the relatives of<br />
Pepys, and personal notes on his school, college,<br />
and business life, and the London of his time.<br />
Mr. Henry James (says the Athemeuvi) has<br />
written a new novel, called " The Awkward Age,"<br />
which will appear shortly.<br />
Forthcoming art publications by Messrs. George<br />
Bell and Sons include " Line and Form," by Mr.<br />
Walter Crane; a record and review of the life and<br />
work of Dante Gabriel Rossetti, by Mr. H. C.<br />
Marillier; a volume on Botticelli, by Mr. Herbert<br />
P. Thorne; and one on the Pre-Raphaelite School,<br />
by Mr. Percy H. Bate, curator of the Holburne<br />
Museum, Bath.<br />
An important literary project is a series called,<br />
with the approval of the Queen, " The Victoria<br />
History of the Counties of England," which will<br />
show the condition of the country at the opening<br />
of the twentieth centurv. The general editors<br />
are Mr. H. Arthur Do'ubleday, F.R.G.S., and<br />
Mr. Lawrence Gomme, F.S.A., and the advisory<br />
committee includes Lord Salisbury, Lord Roseberv,<br />
the Duke of Devonshire, Chancellor of the Uni-<br />
versity of Cambridge, the Duke of Portland, the<br />
Marquis of Lome, the Earl of Coventry, Ihe<br />
Bishop of London, the Bishop of Oxford, Lord<br />
Acton, Sir Frederick Pollock, Bart., Sir Edward<br />
Maunde Thompson, Sir Henry Maxwell-Lyte, Sir<br />
Joseph Hooker, Sir Archibald Geikie, and others.<br />
The history of each county will be complete in<br />
itself. "Hampshire" is nearly ready, and is<br />
in four volumes. The publishers are Messrs.<br />
Constable.<br />
Mrs. W. M. Ramsay, author of "Everyday<br />
Life in Turkey," which was published over a<br />
year ago, has now written a novel entitled<br />
"The Romance of Elisavet," to be published by<br />
Messrs. Hodder and Stoughton.<br />
Tennyson's complete poetical works, exclusive<br />
of the dramas, will be published in a few days by<br />
Messrs. Macmillan in their Globe Library at<br />
3*. 6d.<br />
Mr. Tighe Hopkins's novel, " Nell Haffenden,"<br />
which was published in two volumes some years<br />
ago, is now to be issued by Messrs. Chatto and<br />
Windus in one volume, with illustrations.<br />
"Well, after All," is the title of Mr. Frankfort<br />
Moore's new novel, which Messrs. Hutchinson<br />
will publish shortly.<br />
Robert Louis Stevenson was visiting the<br />
Riviera in 1873, and in poor health. How poor<br />
was his health may be judged from his own<br />
account, which occurs in one of his letters which<br />
are at present appearing monthly in Scribner's<br />
Magazine. He is writing from Mentoue:<br />
I don't see mach beiuty. I have lost ihe key ; I can only<br />
be placid and inert, and see the bright daj s go past naelea-ly<br />
one after another; therefore, don't talk foolishly with 3 oor<br />
month any more abont getting liberty by being ill and going<br />
south rid' the sick-bed. It is not the old free-born b'rd that<br />
gets thus to freedom; but I know not what manacled and<br />
hide-bound spirit, incapable of pleasure, the clay of a man.<br />
Go south! Why, I saw more beauty with my eyes health-<br />
fully alert to see in two wet windy February afternoons in<br />
Scotland than I oan see in my beautiful olive gardens and<br />
grey hills in a whole week in my low and lost estate, as the<br />
Shorter Catechism puts it somewheie. It is a pitiable<br />
blindness, this blindness of the soul; I hope it may not be<br />
long with me. So remember to keep well; and remember<br />
rather anything than not to keep well; and again I say,<br />
anything rather than not to keep well.<br />
George Henry Lewes's "Life of Robespierre"<br />
is being republished by Messrs. Chapman and<br />
Hall, in view of tne forthcoming production of<br />
the play written by M. Sardou for Sir Henry<br />
Irving. This play is being translated by Mr.<br />
Laurence Irving, and will be staged at the Lyceum<br />
on April 15.<br />
Sixpenny editions of modern works increase<br />
almost daily. Two of the latest to be announced<br />
in this form are Mr. Ban ie's "A Window in<br />
Thrums" and Ian Maclareu's " Beside the Bonnie<br />
Brier Bush." They will be illustrated from draw-<br />
ings by Mr. William Hole.<br />
Sir Edward Russell is writing his memoirs,<br />
under the title " That Reminds Me."<br />
Mrs. Tyndallis preparing a new and up-to-date<br />
edition of Professor Tyndall's work " Hours of<br />
Exercise in the Alps," which was published in<br />
1873-<br />
Mr. Richard Le Gallienne has been com-<br />
missioned by Mr. Lane to write a critical volume<br />
upon the works of Mr. Rudyard Kipling.<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 265 (#277) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
265<br />
A story of provincial life, entitled " The Green<br />
Field: a novel of the Midlands," by Mr. Neil<br />
Wynn- Williams, • will be published by Messrs.<br />
Chapman and Hall.<br />
Mr. Fred. J. Proctor, whose romance "The<br />
Secret of Mark Pepys" was issued by the<br />
National Press Agency, London, has agreed to<br />
supply a story for the same fiction bureau. The<br />
new plot is laid in England, and will run as a<br />
serial in thirteen instalments.<br />
The " New English Dictionary" is expected to<br />
be completed in 1910. An interesting article on<br />
this great enterprise appears in the March<br />
number of Good Words from the pen of Mr.<br />
L. W. Lillingston. Dr. Murray and his assis-<br />
tants have read more than 100,000 books expressly<br />
for compiling the Dictionary.<br />
Mr. George Allen will publish during this<br />
month a book of humour, written by Mr. H. A.<br />
Spurr, called "A Cockney in Arcadia." The<br />
volume will be fully illustrated by Messrs.<br />
Hassall and Aldin. Ihe "Cockney" deals with<br />
life and character in Holderness, East Yorkshire<br />
.— an unexplored field for the writer and<br />
humourist.<br />
Messrs. W. Meals and Co., of Carlisle, are<br />
publishing a "Flora of Cumberland," by Mr.<br />
William Hodgson, A.L.S. It contains a full list<br />
of the flowering plants and ferns to be found in<br />
the county, according to the latest and most<br />
reliable authorities. Mr. J. S. Goodchild, of<br />
H.M. Geological Survey, has contributed a<br />
chapter on the soils of Cumberland.<br />
Mr. Bloundelle-Burton's new novel, " Fortune's<br />
my Foe," will be published by Pearson and Co.<br />
in London, and Appleton and Co. in New York,<br />
early in April. The story, although laid in<br />
England principally, contains an account of the<br />
Siege of Cartagena, in 1741, as well as a descrip-<br />
tion of the Battle of Quiberon, in 1759.<br />
Mr. James Milne has written a biography of<br />
Sir George Grey, which Mes.-rs. Chatto and<br />
Windus will have ready in May. The writer<br />
injoyed the friendship of Sir George Grey<br />
during the last four years of his life, and was<br />
made the repository of many reminiscerices.<br />
The book will be called "The Romance of a<br />
Pro-Consul."<br />
Mr. H. G. Wells has written a story called<br />
"Love and Mr. Lewisham," which is a study of<br />
an assistant schoolmaster who aspires to set the<br />
world straight and finds himself hampered by an<br />
early marriage.<br />
The Duchess of Sutherland has completed a<br />
socialistic novel.<br />
Mr. Ridrr Haggard's story " The Wizard " has<br />
been translated into Swahili for circulation<br />
among the natives of the East Coast of Africa,<br />
and his "King Solomon's Mines" has been<br />
embossed in Braille type by the permission of the<br />
author and the publishers, and is being published<br />
in Hora Jucunda, the magazine for the blind.<br />
'* The Stranding of the White Rose," the Rev.<br />
C. Dudley Lampen's new story of adventure, will<br />
be published by the S.P.C.K. The book deals<br />
with the great lone north-west coast of Australia,<br />
the stranding of a tramp steamer thereon, and the<br />
extraordinary experiences of a salvage party sent<br />
in search of the vessel.<br />
Mr. George Somes Layard is writing the life of<br />
Mrs. Lynn Linton.<br />
Mr. John Davidson is engaged on a poetical<br />
play laid in the seventh century.<br />
Mr. H. C. Macphersou, editor of the Edin-<br />
burgh Evening News ai.d author of "Adam<br />
Smith " in the Famous Scots series, is writing a<br />
biography of Mr. Herbert Spencer.<br />
The collection of eighty-three letters of Sir<br />
Walter Scott were purchased at Sotheby's sale-<br />
rooms by Mr. William Brown, bookseller, Edin-<br />
burgh. At a recent sale of first editions a set of<br />
Scott fetched .£226; a set of Mr. Swinburne's<br />
works, .£64; and a set of Charles Reade, .£40.<br />
"More Methodist Idylls" is the title of Mr.<br />
Harry Lindsay's new volume which Mr. James<br />
Bowden is to publish immediately. "Methodist<br />
Idylls " has enjoyed a large sale, and is now in<br />
its third edition. At present Mr. Lindsay is at<br />
work on a new historical romance somewhat on<br />
the lines of his "The Jacobite," which Messrs.<br />
Chatto and Windus published last year. The<br />
new romance is provisionally entitled "The<br />
Puritan." In view of the fact that a novel<br />
called "The Puritans" was published only the<br />
other day, the above title, if selected, might cause<br />
confusion.<br />
A new volume entitled " The Solitary Summer,"<br />
by the author of "Elizabeth and Her German<br />
Garden," will be published shortly by Messrs.<br />
Macmillan.<br />
"Famous Ladies of the English Court" is a<br />
work in which Mrs. Aubrey Richardson makes<br />
"an honest endeavour to discern the truth" about<br />
great Court ladies of history, alike in respect to<br />
their attainments and their shortcomings.<br />
X202 was paid by Mr. Quaritch at Sotheby's<br />
auction rooms, on March 1, for a first edition of<br />
John Forster's " Life of Charles Dickens," extra<br />
illustrated with portraits, views, and autographs,<br />
printed 1872-4.<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 266 (#278) ############################################<br />
<br />
266<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
Dr. T. Wemy&s Fulton is the author of a work<br />
entitled "The Sovereignty of the Sea," which<br />
Messrs. Blackwood will publish shortly.<br />
OBITUARY.<br />
THE Very Rev. Dr. Andrew K. H. Bovd,<br />
Minister of St. Andrews ("A. K. H. B.'"),<br />
died at Bournemouth on March I. As an<br />
author he was best known for, among his thirty-<br />
two volumes, "The Recreations of a Country<br />
Parson," "The Graver Thoughts of a Country<br />
Parson," "Twenty-five Years of St. Andrews,"<br />
"St. Andrews and Elsewhere," and "The Last<br />
Years of St. Andrews." In the year 1890 Dr.<br />
Boyd was Moderator of the Church of Scotland.<br />
The circumstances of his death, it appears, were<br />
peculiarly sad. Dr. Boyd had been in failing<br />
health for some years; he was in the habit of<br />
taking sleeping draughts, and also used carbolic<br />
acid lotion for external application. On the night<br />
of his death he entered Mrs. Boyd's room, and,<br />
holding up the carbolic acid bottle, he said,<br />
"Isn't this an awful thing? I have taken this in<br />
mistake." Dr. Boyd's genial qualities, added to<br />
his scholarly distinction, gained for him a wide<br />
popularity. He was in his seventy-fourth year,<br />
having been born at Auchinleck, Avrshire, in<br />
1825.<br />
The late Miss Sara Sophia Hennell was a<br />
writer on Bishop Butler and other theological<br />
and metaphysical subjects, and an intimate friend<br />
of George Eliot. She died at Coventry in her<br />
eighty-sixth year.<br />
Mr. Andrew Macdonald, formerly editor, and<br />
latterly London representative, of the Calcutta<br />
Englishman, died after a few days' illness. Mr.<br />
Macdonald had a large share, under Dr. Ross, in<br />
producing " The Globe Encyclopaedia." He was<br />
in the prime of life, having been born in Edin-<br />
burgh in 1852.<br />
The Rev. A. B. Grosart, D.D., LL.D., who<br />
died in Dublin in his sixty-fourth year, was the<br />
author of several religious works, but is chiefly<br />
known as the industrious editor of reprints of<br />
English writers of the sixteenth and seven-<br />
teenth centuries. He was an authority on Robert<br />
Feiyusson, the Scottish poet, and also edited the<br />
Towneley Hall MSS., a famous collection of<br />
Jacobite ballads aud satires which appeared in<br />
1877.<br />
Mr. Othniel Charles Marsh, the distinguished<br />
American naturalist and Professor of Palceon-<br />
tology at the University of Yale, died on March 18,<br />
of pneumonia.<br />
The death of Dr. Leitner, the most distin-<br />
guished scientist of our time, was announced in<br />
the papers of the 25th. He had not reached his<br />
60th year. As a linguist, a traveller, and a<br />
student in Oriental archaeology, Dr. Leitner's<br />
loss is one which cannot be filled up.<br />
THE BOOKS 0? THE MONTH.<br />
[Feb. 23 to March 22—262 Books.]<br />
Adams. Gh B. European History: An Outline of its Development.<br />
6,6 net. MacmilUn.<br />
Anonymous (author of " Madam's Ward*'). A Tear Between, l -<br />
Stevens.<br />
Anonymous. Mr. Dooley in Peace and in War. 2/- Rii-hards.<br />
Anonymous. Prinsloo of Prinsloosdorp. 3/6. Dunbar Brothers.<br />
Auonvmous (An American). History of South America. Tr. from<br />
iho Spanish by A. D. Jones. 10/6. Sonnensebein.<br />
Anonymous (G. <i.). McGinty's Racehorse, and other Spotting<br />
Stories 4/6 net. B*dway.<br />
Anonymous (G G.) Riding. 4,6 net. lied way.<br />
Anonymous. Twentieth Century New Testament. Trans, into<br />
Modern English from Greek. Patt I.: Five Historical Books.<br />
1/6. Mowbray House.<br />
Anonymous (miihor of "The Heir of Redelyffa"). Cameos from<br />
English History. 18thCentury. Ninth Series. 5/- Macmillan.<br />
Ansorge, W. J. Undpr the African Sun. 21/- net. Heinemann.<br />
Archer-Hind. R. D . and Hicks, R. D. (ed.). Greek and Latin Cam-<br />
bridge Compositions. 10/- Clay.<br />
Armstrong's (Lord) Work on Electric Movement In Air and Water;<br />
Supplement to. Smith and E.<br />
Armstrong, T. N. Guide to Practical Photography. 1/- Dawbarn.<br />
Athrrton. Gertrude. A Daughter of the Vine. 6/- Service.<br />
Audry, Mrs. W. Early Chapters in Science. 6/- Murray.<br />
Badenoch, L. N. Truo Tales of the Insects. 12/- Chapman.<br />
Bailey, L. H. The Pi inciples of Agriculture. 4/6. MaciniIIan.<br />
Balme, E. The Luck of of the Four-leaved Shamrock. 6/-<br />
Routledge.<br />
Fates, Arlo The Puritans. 6/- Constable.<br />
Beard sley, Aubrey. The Early Work of. With Preparatory Note by<br />
H, C. Marillier. 21/6 net. Lane.<br />
Peavan, A. H. James and Horace Smith. 6/- Hurst.<br />
Beesly, A. H. Life of Dan ton. 12/6. Lonpman.<br />
Belloc, Bflaire. Danton. A Study. 16/- Nisbet-<br />
Benson, E. F. The Capslna. 6,- Methnen.<br />
Berkley, G. Oswald Steele. 6/- Long.<br />
Bidder, George. By Southern Shore. Poems. £/- Constable.<br />
f ierce. Ambrose. Fantastic Fables. 3/6. Putnam.<br />
Blackball, R. H. Up-to-date Air Brake Catechism. 6/- net. Spon.<br />
Blatchford, A. N. Idylls of Old Greece. 2/6. Arrowsmith.<br />
Blissett, Nellie K. Brass. A Novel. 6/- Hutchinson.<br />
Bolton, W. H. O. (late R.A.). Organisation and Equipment. Maguiic.<br />
Bossuet, J. B. Devotion to the Blessed Virgin. 3/6. Longman.<br />
Boulvin, J. (tr. by B. Donkin). The Entropy Diagram and its Appli-<br />
cation. J,/" Spon.<br />
Briggs, C. A. General Introduc.ion to Study of Holy Scripture.<br />
12/- net Ularfc.<br />
Bright, W. The Law of Faith. 6- Wells Gardner.<br />
Broadley, A. Chats lo 'Cello Students. 2/6. .Sf/W Office.<br />
Brooks, W. K. The Foundations of Zoology. 10. 6 net Macmillan.<br />
Brown, A. M Elements of Alkaloidal .Etiology. 2 6 net. Kimpttn.<br />
Brown, P. Hume. History of Scotland. Vol. I. 6/- Clay.<br />
Brown, R. Researches into the Origin of the Primitive Constella-<br />
tions of the Greeks, Phoenicians, and Babylonians. Vol. I. 10.6.<br />
Williams and N.<br />
Bruce, A. B. The EpUtle to the Hebrews. 7/6. T. & T. CI irk.<br />
Bruce, H. A. From the Ranks to the Peerage. 6/- Di^rbv.<br />
Bufton, J. Gwen Penrt A Welsh Idyll. 5/- Stvofe.<br />
Bullen, F. T. Idylls of the Sea, &o. 6/- Richards,<br />
Burgln, G. B. The Hermits of Gray's Inn. 6/- Pearson<br />
Burleigh, Bennct. Khartoum Campaign 1*98. 12/- Cbap<br />
apman.<br />
Long.<br />
Burrard. W. D. A Weaver of Runes.<br />
Butler, Henry Montagu. University and other Sermons.<br />
Macmillan and Bowes.<br />
Caird, L. H. History of Corsica. &!- Unwin.<br />
Cameron, Mrs. Lovctt. A Fair Fraud. 6/- Long-<br />
Campbell, D. H. Lectures on the Evolution of Plants. 4/6 ret,<br />
Macmillan.<br />
Carter, A. T. Outlines of English Legal History. 10 6. Butterwonh.<br />
Cavalier, A. R. In Northern India. Story of Mission Work. *, «.<br />
Partridge.<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 267 (#279) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
267<br />
Church, A. J. Nlclas and the Sicilian Expedition.<br />
Clarke, A. Effects of the Factory System. 2/6.<br />
Clarke, Agnes Spencer. Seven Girls. 3/6.<br />
Cobban. J. Maclaren. Pnrsood by the Law. 6/-<br />
Cook, Theodore A. The Storv of Rouen. 4/6 net.<br />
Cooke, J. H. Life of King Alfred the Great. »d.<br />
Cooper, J. The Church, Catholic and National. 1/<br />
Conch, Lilian Qulller. The Marble King. 6d.<br />
Craddock, C. E. The Story of Old Fort Loudon. 6<br />
Cross, Mary F. Railway Sketches. 1/-<br />
1/6.<br />
Seeley.<br />
Richards.<br />
Simpkln.<br />
Long.<br />
Dent.<br />
H. Burrows.<br />
HacLchose.<br />
Arrowsmith.<br />
Macmillan.<br />
White.<br />
D'Annunzlo, G. (tr. by G. Harding). The Victim. 6/- Heinemann.<br />
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