284 | https://historysoa.com/items/show/284 | The Author, Vol. 06 Issue 07 (December 1895) | <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=%3Cem%3EThe+Author%3C%2Fem%3E%2C+Vol.+06+Issue+07+%28December+1895%29"><em>The Author</em>, Vol. 06 Issue 07 (December 1895)</a> | | | <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015013732253" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015013732253</a> | | | | | | | | <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Publication">Publication</a> | 1895-12-02-The-Author-6-7 | | | | | 149–172 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=89&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=6">6</a> | | | | | | | | | | | <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=76&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1895-12-02">1895-12-02</a> | | | | | | | 7 | | | 18951202 | C be El u t b or,<br />
(The Organ of the Incorporated Society of Authors.<br />
Monthly.)<br />
C O N DU C T E D BY W.A. L T E R B E S.A. N. T.<br />
VoI. VI.-No. 7.]<br />
DECEMBER. 2, 1895.<br />
[PRICE SIXPENCE.<br />
For the Opinions eaſpressed in papers that are<br />
signed or initialled the Authors alone are<br />
Tesponsible. None of the papers or para-<br />
graphs must be taken as earpressing the<br />
collective opinions of the committee unless<br />
they are officially signed by G. Herbert<br />
Thring, Sec.<br />
*-- * ~ *<br />
º- ºr *-*.<br />
HE Secretary of the Society begs to give notice that all<br />
remittances are acknowledged by return of post, and<br />
requests that all members not receiving an answer to<br />
important communications within two days will write to him<br />
without delay. All remittances should be crossed Union<br />
Bank of London, Chancery-lane, or be sent by registered<br />
letter only.<br />
Communications and letters are invited by the Editor on<br />
all subjects connected with literature, but on no other sub-<br />
jects whatever. Articles which cannot be accepted are<br />
returned if stamps for the purpose accompany the MSS.<br />
*~ * ~ *<br />
WARNINGS AND ADWICE,<br />
I. RAWING THE AGREEMENT.-It is not generally<br />
understood that the author, as the vendor, has the<br />
absolute right of drafting the agreement upon<br />
whatever terms the transaction is to be carried out.<br />
Authors are strongly advised to exercise that right. In<br />
every form of business, this among others, the right of<br />
drawing the agreement rests with him who sells, leases, or<br />
has the control of the property.<br />
2. SERIAL RIGHTS.—In selling Serial Rights remember<br />
that you may be selling the Serial Right for all time; that<br />
is, the Right to continue the production in papers. If you<br />
object to this, insert a clause to that effect.<br />
3. STAMP. YoUR, AGREEMENTs. – Readers are most<br />
URGENTLY warned not to neglect stamping their agreements<br />
immediately after signature. If this precaution is neglected<br />
for two weeks, a fine of £1 o must be paid before the agree-<br />
ment can be used as a legal document. In almost every<br />
case brought to the secretary the agreement, or the letter<br />
which serves for one, is forwarded without the stamp. The<br />
author may be assured that the other party to the agree-<br />
ment seldom neglects this simple precaution. The Society,<br />
to save trouble, undertakes to get all the agreements of<br />
members stamped for them at no ea pense to themselves<br />
eacept the cost of the stamp. - -<br />
4. AscERTAIN WHAT A PROPOSED AGREEMENT GIVES TO<br />
BOTH SIDES BEFORE SIGNING IT.-Remember that an<br />
arrangement as to a joint venture in any other kind of busi-<br />
ness whatever would be instantly refused should either party<br />
WOL, WI.<br />
rights.<br />
refuse to show the books or to let it be known what share he<br />
reserved for himself.<br />
5. LITERARY AGENTS.—Be very careful. You cannot be<br />
too careful as to the person whom you appoint as your<br />
agent. Remember that you place your property almost un-<br />
reservedly in his hands. Your only safety is in consulting<br />
the Society, or some friend who has had personal experience<br />
of the agent. Do not trust advertisements alome.<br />
6. COST OF PRODUCTION.——Never sign any agreement of<br />
which the alleged cost of production forms an integral part,<br />
until you have proved the figures.<br />
7. CHOICE OF PUBLISHERS.—Never enter into any cor-<br />
respondence with publishers, especially with those who ad-<br />
vertise for MSS., who are not recommended by experienced<br />
friends or by this Society.<br />
8. FUTURE WORK.—Never, on any account whatever,<br />
bind yourself down for future work to anyone.<br />
9. PERSONAL RISK.—Never accept any pecuniary risk or<br />
responsibility whatever without advice.<br />
Io. REJECTED MSS.—Never, when a MS. has been re-<br />
fused by respectable houses, pay others, whatever promises<br />
they may put forward, for the production of the work.<br />
II. AMERICAN RIGHTS.—Never sign away American<br />
Reep them by special clause. Refuse to sign any<br />
agreement containing a clause which reserves them for the<br />
publisher, unless for a substantial consideration.<br />
12. CESSION OF COPYRIGHT.-Never sign any paper,<br />
either agreement or receipt, which gives away copyright,<br />
without advice.<br />
I3. ADVERTISEMENTS. — Keep some control over the<br />
advertisements, if they affect your returns, by a clause in<br />
the agreement.<br />
I4. NEVER forget that publishing is a business, like any<br />
other business, totally unconnected with philanthropy,<br />
charity, or pure love of literature. You have to do with<br />
business men. Be yourself a business man.<br />
Society’s Offices :—<br />
4, PORTUGAL STREET, LINCOLN's INN FIELDs.<br />
*—- - -*<br />
•- * ~<br />
HOW TO USE THE SOCIETY.<br />
I. VERY member has a right to ask for and to receive<br />
advice upon his agreements, his choice of a pub-<br />
lisher, or any dispute arising in the conduct of his<br />
business or the administration of his property. If the advice<br />
Sought is such as can be given best by a solicitor, the member<br />
has a right to an opinion from the Society’s solicitors. If the<br />
case is such that Counsel's opinion is desirable, the Com-<br />
mittee will obtain for him Counsel’s opinion. All this<br />
without any cost to the member.<br />
2. Remember that questions connected with copyright<br />
and publisher's agreements do not generally fall within the<br />
Q 2<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#504) ################################################<br />
<br />
I 50<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
experience of ordinary solicitors. Therefore, do not scruple<br />
to use the Society first—our solicitors are continually<br />
engaged upon such questions for us.<br />
3. Send to the office copies of past agreements and past<br />
accounts with the loan of the books represented. This is in<br />
order to ascertain what has been the nature of your agree-<br />
ments, and the results to author and publisher respectively<br />
so far. The Secretary will always be glad to have any<br />
agreements, new or old, for inspection and note. The infor-<br />
mation thus obtained may prove invaluable.<br />
4. If the examination of your previous business trans-<br />
actions by the Secretary proves unfavourable, you should<br />
take advice as to a change of publishers.<br />
5. Before signing any agreement whatever, send the pro-<br />
posed document to the Society for examination.<br />
6. The Society is acquainted with the methods, and—in<br />
the case of fraudulent houses—the tricks of every publish-<br />
ing firm in the country.<br />
7. Remember always that in belonging to the Society you<br />
are fighting the battles of other writers, even if you are<br />
reaping no benefit to yourself, and that you are advancing<br />
the best interests of literature in promoting the indepen-<br />
dence of the writer.<br />
8. Send to the Editor of the Awthor notes of everything<br />
important to literature that you may hear or meet with.<br />
9. The committee have now arranged for the reception of<br />
members' agreements and their preservation in a fireproof<br />
safe. The agreements will, of course, be regarded as con-<br />
ſidential documents to be read only by the Secretary, who<br />
will keep the key of the safe. The Society now offers:—(1)<br />
To read and advise upon agreements and publishers. (2) To<br />
stamp agreements in readiness for a possible action upon<br />
them. (3) To keep agreements. (4) To enforce payments<br />
due according to agreements.<br />
== * *-sº<br />
THE AUTHORS’ SYNDICATE,<br />
EMBERS are informed :<br />
I. That the Authors' Syndicate takes charge of<br />
the business of members of the Society. That it<br />
submits MSS. to publishers and editors, concludes agree-<br />
ments, examines, passes, and collects accounts, and, gene-<br />
rally, relieves members of the trouble of managing business<br />
details.<br />
2. That the terms upon which its services can be secured<br />
will be forwarded upon detailed application.<br />
3. That the Authors' Syndicate works only for those<br />
members of the Society whose work possesses a market<br />
value.<br />
4. That the Syndicate can only undertake any negotiations<br />
whatever on the distinct understanding that those negotia-<br />
tions are placed ea clusively in its hands, and that all<br />
communications relating thereto are referred to it.<br />
5. That clients can only be seen by the Director by<br />
appointment, and that, when possible, at least two days'<br />
notice should be given.<br />
6. That overy attempt is made to deal with all communi-<br />
cations promptly. That stamps should, in all cases, be sent<br />
to defray postage.<br />
7. That the Authors' Syndicate does not invite MSS.<br />
without previous correspondence; does not hold itself<br />
responsible for MSS. forwarded without notice; and that<br />
in all cases MSS. must be accompanied by stamps to defray<br />
postage.<br />
8. That the Syndicate undertakes arrangements for<br />
lectures by some of the leading members of the Society;<br />
that it has a “Transfer Department' for the sale and<br />
purchase of journals and periodicals; and that a “Register<br />
of Wants and Wanted '' is open. Members are invited to<br />
communicate their requirements to the Manager.<br />
There is an Honorary Advisory Committee, whose services<br />
will be called upon in any case of dispute or difficulty. It<br />
is perhaps necessary to state that the members of the<br />
Advisory Committee have no pecuniary interest whatever in<br />
the Syndicate.<br />
sº- a 2-4°<br />
r-- - --a<br />
NOTICES.<br />
HE Editor of the Awthor begs to remind members of the<br />
Society that, although the paper is sent to them free<br />
of charge, the cost of producing it would be a very<br />
heavy charge on the resources of the Society if a great<br />
many members did not forward to the Secretary the modest<br />
6s. 6d. subscription for the year.<br />
The Editor is always glad to receive short papers and<br />
communications on all subjects connected with literature<br />
from members and others. Nothing can do more good to<br />
the Society than to make the Awthor complete, attractive,<br />
and interesting. Will those who are willing to aid in this<br />
work send their names and the special subjects on which<br />
they are willing to write P<br />
Communications for the Author should reach the Editor<br />
not later than the 21st of each month.<br />
All persons engaged in literary work of any kind, whether<br />
members of the Society or not, are invited to communicate<br />
to the Editor any points connected with their work which<br />
it would be advisable in the general interest to publish.<br />
Members and others who wish their MSS. read are<br />
requested not to send them to the Office without previously<br />
communicating with the Secretary. The utmost practicable<br />
despatch is aimed at, and MSS. are read in the order in<br />
which they are received. It must also be distinctly under-<br />
stood that the Society does not, under any circumstances,<br />
undertake the publication of MSS.<br />
The Authors’ Club is now open in its new premises, at<br />
3, Whitehall-court, Charing Cross. Address the Secretary<br />
for information, rules of admission, &c.<br />
Will members take the trouble to ascertain whether they<br />
have paid their subscriptions for the year P If they will do<br />
this, and remit the amount, if still unpaid, or a banker's<br />
order, it will greatly assist the Secretary, and save him the<br />
trouble of sending out a reminder.<br />
Members are most earnestly entreated to attend to the<br />
warning numbered (8). It is a most foolish and may be a<br />
most disastrous thing to enter into an agreement binding<br />
for a term of years. Let them ask themselves if they<br />
would give a solicitor the collection of their rents for five<br />
years to come, whatever his conduct, whether he was honest<br />
or dishonest? Of course they would not. Why then<br />
hesitate for a moment when they are asked to sign them-<br />
selves into literary bondage for three or five years P<br />
Those who possess the “Cost of Production * are<br />
requested to note that the cost of binding has advanced 15<br />
per cent. This means, for those who do not like the trouble<br />
of “doing sums,” the addition of three shillings in the<br />
pound on this head. In other words, if the cost of binding<br />
is set down in our book at eight pounds, to this must now be<br />
added twenty-four shillings more, so that it now stands<br />
at £948. The figures in our book are as near the exact<br />
truth as can be procured; but a printer's, or a binder’s,<br />
bill is so elastic a thing that nothing more exact can be<br />
arrived at.<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#505) ################################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
I5 I<br />
Some remarks have been made upon the amount charged<br />
in the “Cost of Production” for advertising. Of course, we<br />
have not included any sums which may be charged for<br />
inserting advertisements in the publisher's own magazines,<br />
or in other magazines by exchange. As agreements too<br />
often go, there is nothing to prevent the publisher from<br />
sweeping the whole profits of a book into his own pocket,<br />
by inserting any number of advertisements in his own<br />
magazines, and by exchanging with others. Some there are<br />
who call this a form of fraud; it is not known what those<br />
who practise this method of swelling their own profits call it.<br />
><br />
c;<br />
FROM THE COMMITTEE,<br />
HE Secretary has in hand the preparation of clauses to<br />
meet the various points necessary for an agreement in<br />
any of the ordinary methods of publishing. He will be<br />
obliged for any suggestions on the subject from members of<br />
the Society.<br />
Dr. Jurisconsult Ernst Lange, of Zurich, has prepared and<br />
presented to the Committee a paper on the “Contracts of<br />
Publishing ” in Germany, Austria, Hungary, and Switzer-<br />
land. It has been resolved to print this pamphlet uniform<br />
with the “Cost of Production.” The best thanks of the<br />
Committee have been passed to Dr. Lange for this gift.<br />
A somewhat interesting case has been before the Com-<br />
mittee. It would have been more interesting had it been<br />
settled in a court of law by a friendly action. The case is<br />
one in which an author’s MS. was accidentally burned<br />
while in charge of a publishing firm. Of course this<br />
accident entails upon the author a great deal of labour.<br />
How far are the publishers liable in such a case ? Did they<br />
take reasonable precautions in the matter P The case has<br />
been settled, one hopes to the satisfaction of both parties.<br />
Dut still the question of what constitutes reasonable precau-<br />
tions remains open.<br />
G. H. THRING, Secretary.<br />
=> 0 erº<br />
LITERARY PROPERTY.<br />
T.—CANADIAN COPYRIGHT.<br />
Ottawa, Nov. 25.<br />
HE long-pending controversy on the copy-<br />
T right question was brought a long way on<br />
the road to a conclusion to-day by the<br />
adoption of a basis of agreement which was<br />
accepted by Mr. Hall Caine and Mr. Daldy for<br />
the British authors and publishers, by the<br />
Canadian Copyright Association, and by the<br />
Dominion Government. This satisfactory result<br />
is due almost entirely to the efforts of Mr. Hall<br />
Caine, who, in the face of the strongest opposition<br />
on this side, has largely succeeded, since he<br />
arrived in the Dominion, in removing the objec-<br />
tions of the Canadian publishers to any inter-<br />
ference with the Act of 1889, and has more or<br />
less secured their assent to an amended Bill.<br />
Mr. Hall Caine and Mr. Daldy, together with<br />
the representatives of the Canadian publishing<br />
houses, the Copyright Association, and the Press<br />
Association, held a conference to-day with Sir<br />
C. H. Tupper, Mr. Ouimet, and the sub-com-<br />
mittee of the Privy Council appointed to meet<br />
them. Mr. Hall Caine recited the negotiations<br />
which have taken place during the past few weeks<br />
and submitted a draft Bill for the consideration<br />
of the Government. It was, he said, in the<br />
nature of a compromise, and, like most com-<br />
promises, did not covereverything that both parties<br />
might desire, but it was the best that could be<br />
arrived at in the circumstances, and he thought<br />
he could say that they would all be well satisfied<br />
to see its general principles carried into effect.<br />
Speaking for the body which he represented, he<br />
fully believed that an Act framed on the lines of<br />
this measure would be acceptable to British<br />
authors.<br />
Mr. Hall Caine continued:<br />
“By this Bill the time within which a copyright<br />
holder can publish in Canada and so secure an<br />
absolute and untrammelled copyright is extended<br />
from thirty to sixty days, with a possible exten-<br />
sion of thirty days more at the discretion of the<br />
authorities. Also, by this agreement, the licence<br />
to be granted for the production of a book that<br />
has not fulfilled the conditions of Canadian<br />
copyright law is limited to one licence, and this<br />
single licence is only to be issued with the copy-<br />
right holder’s knowledge or sanction. Further,<br />
the copyright holder who has an independent<br />
chance of securing copyright for himself within a<br />
period of sixty days is to be allowed a second<br />
chance of securing it after it has been challenged<br />
and before it can be disposed of by licence ;<br />
and, finally, the royalties of the author are to be<br />
secured to him by a regulation of the revenue to<br />
stamp an edition of a book on the issue of a<br />
licence.<br />
“This is the ground of the draft Bill which the<br />
Canadian Copyright Association has joined with<br />
Mr. Daldy and myself in recommending to your<br />
Ministers, and on its general principle I have to<br />
say, first, about Canadian authors, that a Bill<br />
framed on these lines will not put them into a<br />
position of isolation among the authors of the<br />
world, and next, about the authors of Englan 1<br />
and America and of all the countries having a<br />
copyright treaty with England, that it will secure<br />
to authors the control of their property, and put<br />
them all alike on an equal footing, and therefore<br />
it will not, I think, disturb the operation of the<br />
Berne Convention, so far as Canada is concerned,<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#506) ################################################<br />
<br />
I 52<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
authors.<br />
or the understanding between Great Britain and<br />
the United States. The Bill is recommended to<br />
the Government with all modesty of intention,<br />
and with the certainty that they will use so much<br />
of it as they consider wise and good.”<br />
In conclusion, Mr. Hall Caine bore testimony<br />
to the spirit of conciliation and fair dealing with<br />
which Mr. Daldy and himself had been received<br />
in Canada, both by the Government and by the<br />
classes interested in the law of copyright.<br />
Mr. Ross Robertson, president of the Copy-<br />
right Association, followed. He said he believed<br />
that the conclusions reached dealt fairly and<br />
honourably with all parties interested, whether<br />
British, Canadian, or foreign, whether author or<br />
publisher. There had been concessions on both<br />
sides. He did not claim that the Canadian Copy-<br />
right Association had got all that they wanted,<br />
or that they were entitled to. The body which<br />
he represented could not be accused of being<br />
unreasonable, and in saying that he did not pre-<br />
tend that Mr. Hall Caine had not shown every<br />
inclination to meet their views so far as he could<br />
without endangering the interests of British<br />
The draft Bill would not be satisfac-<br />
tory to the extremists on both sides, but that<br />
might be regarded as a proof of its fairness.<br />
Mr. L. W. Shannon, president of the Canadian<br />
Press Association, spoke in support of the<br />
Illea,SUll’é.<br />
Mr. Daldy expressed himself satisfied with the<br />
general principles of the proposed measures.<br />
Considerable discussion followed regarding the<br />
details of the amended Bill, and the question of<br />
the importation of colonial editions of British<br />
copyright works was raised and was discussed at<br />
length by a number of the booksellers present.<br />
The conference lasted two hours, and at its close<br />
the Ministers announced that they would lay the<br />
representations of the delegates before the Govern-<br />
ment, and that a decision would be reached at an<br />
early date. * .<br />
Mr. Daldy, in the course of conversation with<br />
me to-night, said that the principal objection<br />
which he sees in the copyright measure as at<br />
present arranged is the proposal to prevent the<br />
importation into Canada of copyright books law-<br />
fully printed in British dominions. He thinks,<br />
however, that this can be arranged. — Times,<br />
Nov. 26. -<br />
II.-ADDREss BY MIR. HALL CAINE.<br />
The following verbatim report of Mr. Hall<br />
Caine's speech at the dinner given to him by the<br />
publishers and booksellers of Toronto has been<br />
forwarded to us by a Canadian friend :<br />
“The thing that has struck me most since I<br />
came to this continent is the loyalty of Canada.<br />
Your loyalty may not be deeper, but it is more<br />
vocal than ours in England. If I had to find a<br />
reason for your devotion to the Crown, I think I<br />
should ask myself if it did not come largely of<br />
your independent position as a self-governing<br />
Dominion. Some light is thrown on this matter<br />
for me by my knowledge of my own little island<br />
home, the Isle of Man. We are a passionately<br />
loyal people there, and we are a little self-<br />
governing nation. If we were to be merged into<br />
a county of England, I should not like to answer<br />
for the life of our loyalty. So, perhaps, with<br />
Canada. The best way to preserve her loyalty is<br />
to preserve her independent rights. Long may<br />
her independence last ! Long may it be before<br />
there can be any serious talk of another con-<br />
dition<br />
I. But though you are independent of the old<br />
country, you have your ties and obligations to<br />
her. You are in the position of the son of a<br />
father who has many sons. There was no room<br />
for them and for their children under the parent<br />
roof. There was neither chance of life nor like-<br />
lihood of peace. So the son goes out and marries<br />
himself, perhaps, to the strange woman. But<br />
because he lives under another roof he does not<br />
cease to be his father's son. He bears his father's<br />
name. He carries his father's blood. If he does<br />
wrong, the shame will be his father's no less than<br />
his. If right, the glory will be his father's too.<br />
He cannot dissociate himself from his father.<br />
And though he is fully able to look after his own<br />
affairs, there are things in which he looks to his<br />
father. He allows his father to give pledges for<br />
him, always reserving the power of withdrawing<br />
from them where they seem to him unwise. He<br />
does not withdraw from them if he can avoid<br />
doing so, even when they are not altogether to<br />
his taste. So Canada. She has her relations<br />
with England, and through England with the<br />
rest of the world. England enters into treaties<br />
or arrangements in her name and on her behalf.<br />
She will keep these treaties if she can. They are<br />
intended for the benefit of the whole family, and<br />
if they press a little hard here or there, she will<br />
still try to observe them, because of the bond of<br />
blood and of name, and because of the deep call<br />
of patriotism.<br />
2. The bonds between Canada and England are<br />
many. There is the bond of the finest navy in<br />
the world, which you share with England; the<br />
finest army in the world, the finest diplomatic<br />
service in the world, the purest and justest<br />
jurisprudence in the world, building up the most<br />
free freedom in the world. But there is another<br />
bond between Canada and England, a less palp-<br />
able but no less less real bond—may, a bond<br />
more real, more constantly present at your<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#507) ################################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
I 53<br />
nearths and homes, the bond of intellectual<br />
brotherhood. Our literature is your literature.<br />
It does not come to you through a veil as the<br />
literature of France does, as the literature of<br />
Germany does. It comes to you in your mother<br />
tongue, in the words you learned from your cradle.<br />
And the great masters of our literature are your<br />
brethren. You are bound to remember that<br />
Shakespeare was an Englishman, tha', Milton<br />
was an Englishman, and that the lesset masters<br />
of later days, who come even closer than these,<br />
Dickens, Thackeray, George Eliot, Charles Reade<br />
—that these were your kith and kin. This is<br />
your inheritance—a great inheritance. You are not<br />
going tobarter it away for any advantage of pounds,<br />
shillings, and pence. And just as you are proud<br />
of the literary giants of the past, so you want to<br />
be proud of the good men of the present. You<br />
want to hold on to them, to help them, to<br />
encourage them to increase in numbers and in<br />
strength, and to build up the conditions of life<br />
that will foster their growth and prosperity.<br />
3. Now, gentlemen, the first condition of growth<br />
and prosperity to the man of letters is security in<br />
the exercise of his calling, and in the right he<br />
holds to the results of his labours. He must sit<br />
in his own house at ease ; he must be in no fear<br />
of bombardment; he must know that for his own<br />
good and the good of all who set store by his<br />
skill, he can work at his own anvil, with the<br />
assurance that the laws of his country will keep<br />
the peace around him. The man of letters has<br />
not always been able to do this. The history of<br />
legislation on copyright is a miserable story of<br />
the struggle of the man who writes a book, to<br />
hold and protect it after it has been written. It<br />
is not so very long ago that the laws of modern<br />
nations (whatever may have been the case with<br />
ancient nations) recognised no rights of the<br />
author in the book he had produced. And when<br />
those rights were at length recognised, the period<br />
in which the writer of a book could control it<br />
was no more than seven years. It has taken<br />
nearly two hundred years to increase that term in<br />
England, from seven to forty-two, and only one<br />
country in the world (so far as I know) has yet<br />
made the author's right perpetual. It is only<br />
within recent times that literature has come to be<br />
regarded from the pecuniary view. For many<br />
ages the author was the one labourer in the world<br />
who was not considered worthy of his hire. And,<br />
meanwhile, the progress of legislation from the<br />
first nebulous condition has been clogged at every<br />
step—clogged in Parliaments, clogged even in the<br />
courts of law—by many interests that have had<br />
nothing to do with literature, or were at best, but<br />
accidental to its existence.<br />
- 4. Gentlemen, it is not for me to say too<br />
precisely what those interests have been. Still<br />
less may I in this hospitable presence condemn<br />
them as wholly selfish and of retrogade tendency.<br />
I am willing to believe that they have sometimes<br />
been forced upon the classes who have been<br />
parties to them by a sense of duty to their own,<br />
in relation to other classes, and to their own<br />
nation in relation to other nations. But all the<br />
same they have impeded the rights of authors.<br />
You will allow me to tell you, gentlemen, that<br />
those rights are natural rights, that they are not<br />
primarily created by the State, that however<br />
necessary it may be to call in the help of the law<br />
for the protection of the rights of literary<br />
property, the author's right in the book he<br />
produces is a right of creation, and that by its<br />
nature it should never cease, and should never be<br />
divided with another. That it is so divided,<br />
divided with the reader, divided with the pub-<br />
lisher, is a concession which the author makes in<br />
order that a greater force than his personal force<br />
shall protect what he has made. I am not<br />
pretending that this is the bearing of copyright<br />
from the point of history or of the law of nations.<br />
But it is the principle of copyright put down on<br />
the bed rock of natural law. Dr. Johnson put it<br />
down on this bed rock, and no man has ever been<br />
Imore sound on the rights of literary property.<br />
5. Gentlemen, the progress of legislation in<br />
England, and throughout the civilised world, has<br />
been towards the recognition of this natural<br />
right. It has been a hard and long battle.<br />
Many a good man has fought for it. Since<br />
Johnson there have been Scott, Carlyle, Thack-<br />
eray, Dickens, Charles Reade, Lytton, and<br />
Wilkie Collins. And among living men, who<br />
are doing their best to establish the principle<br />
that the author has a right to control his<br />
writings, there are Mr. Lecky, Mr. Herbert<br />
Spencer, Sir Walter Besant, and your renowned<br />
fellow-townsman, whom all Canadians agree to<br />
honour, Mr. Goldwin Smith. The crowning<br />
glory of that struggle has been the international<br />
agreement which we call the Berne Convention.<br />
This agreement recognises that the book is the<br />
absolute property of the author, and that this<br />
property is to be respected in every country that<br />
is party to the union. Briefly expressed, Copy-<br />
right under the Berne Convention is like marriage<br />
in all civilised states, and just as the marriage<br />
that is good in the country where it is contracted<br />
is good in the rest of the world, so the copyright<br />
that is secured in the country of origin is secured<br />
over all the countries of the Convention. We<br />
consider this agreement a great triumph for.<br />
literature, and many of the nations of Europe<br />
have entered in it. We should deplore anything<br />
that would imperil it or limit its operation. Now,<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#508) ################################################<br />
<br />
I 54<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
I will venture to say that no Canadian desires to<br />
endanger the Berne Convention if he can see his<br />
way to preserve it without injury to the<br />
industries of his country.<br />
6. And here, gentlemen, we come to the ques-<br />
tion at issue between us. There is one great<br />
country which has not yet entered into the<br />
Berne Convention, and that country is your neigh-<br />
bour, the United States. In the United States<br />
the recognition of the rights of literary property<br />
was for a long time limited to the recognition of<br />
their own rights. The universal rights of lite-<br />
rary property were unrecognised in the States<br />
down to four years ago. The result was the<br />
practice of a form of piracy which demoralised<br />
trade, degraded literature, and nearly extermi-<br />
nated the profession of letters. When the good<br />
and true men in the United States at length<br />
prevailed over the dishonest traders the legis-<br />
lation they made had to be of the nature of a<br />
compromise. They desired to go down to the<br />
bed rock of natural right, but class interests were<br />
too strong for them. They were not fools, and<br />
did not attempt to run their heads against stone<br />
walls. They wisely remembered that half a loaf<br />
was better than no bread, and they accepted a<br />
limited copyright which allowed the United<br />
States printer to deny copyright to anybody who<br />
did not print on American soil. This limited<br />
legislation was only to be granted to foreign<br />
countries in exchange for reciprocal rights.<br />
England was asked for herself and her colonies<br />
could she grant those reciprocal rights. She<br />
answered that she could. On that understanding<br />
the President issued a proclamation asserting<br />
the rights of British subjects to copyright in the<br />
United States subject to the conditions of the<br />
laws of the States.<br />
7. Gentlemen, here lay the crux of your own<br />
difficulty. This great country is by the accident<br />
of its geographical position, the rival, the peace-<br />
ful but dangerous rival of Canada. It was a<br />
large and powerful rival. It had sixty-five<br />
millions of readers against your five millions.<br />
It could afford to outbid you in the market for<br />
books. Your territory was soon flooded with<br />
literature which was no longer pirated as before,<br />
but authorised. Also it was still flooded with other<br />
books, which, not being copyright in the States,<br />
continued to be stolen. You could not compete<br />
and you could not steal—let us say you would<br />
not if you could. So you demanded the right to<br />
legislate for yourselves, and you based your<br />
claim to do so on a clause in the British North<br />
America Act of 1867. By this Act you wished<br />
to control every book that came into your<br />
dominion, just as you control every piece of<br />
merchandise that comes here. And your legis-<br />
lation was intended to say that before a book<br />
should have copyright in Canada it should be<br />
manufactured here. The manufacturing should<br />
be for a short period under the author's control,<br />
but after that period it should be under the<br />
control of the officers of the Dominion Parlia-<br />
ment. Obviously this was legislation that did<br />
not agree with the spirit of the Berne Conven-<br />
tion. Your own statesman, Sir John Thompson,<br />
found the Berne Convention opposed to the legis-<br />
lation you desired, and so he asked for an order in<br />
council giving Canada relief from the Union.<br />
Canada had a right to ask for such relief after an<br />
interval of twelve months.<br />
8. Now, I am not here, sir, to discuss the con-<br />
stitutional aspects of the question. We have<br />
been doing that with more or less temper since<br />
1889, and we might go on to the end of the<br />
century and “get no forrader.” Whether the<br />
Act of 1867 gives you the right to legislate for<br />
yourselves on One aspect of international copy-<br />
right, and whether the British Government are<br />
bound to grant you, at your request, exemption<br />
from the advantages and obligations of the Berne<br />
convention, can very well be left to the decision<br />
of the law officers in London and in Ottawa. My<br />
presence here in Toronto as your guest, tacitly<br />
implies that we recognise that, rightly or wrongly,<br />
Canada has certain powers in this matter, and is<br />
likely to be allowed to exercise them. Don’t let<br />
us drift away from copyright into a question of<br />
constitutional right. Don’t let us obscure our<br />
true problem in the clouds of party politics.<br />
Don't let us encourage any able, vigorous, and<br />
patriotic young Minister to say that Canada has<br />
a right to misgovern herself if she likes. Let us<br />
keep this dispute down to the question of whether<br />
an author has a right to control his books abso-<br />
lutely, and if he has not, what measure of his<br />
control must he hand over to the State.<br />
9. Gentlemen, the attitude of authors towards<br />
your Act of 1889 is very easily stated—we object<br />
to your claim to manufacture our books, whether<br />
We will or not, because the right of the author<br />
which ought to be shared with the reader only<br />
would be divided with the printer also, who ought<br />
to be no party to the copyright contract. On<br />
grounds of natural law there is only one party to<br />
copyright, the author. The laws of nations have<br />
agreed to allow a second party to come in, the<br />
reader, who is granted limited rights on stringent<br />
terms. You are now claiming, as the United<br />
States claimed, the admission of a third party,<br />
and if the first party does not like three to the<br />
contract, you are asking that there shall be only<br />
two, with the discontented party, the first party,<br />
the party of the author, left out. That is our<br />
objection to your Act of 1889 on abstract prin-<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#509) ################################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
I 55<br />
ciples. On grounds of material fact we object to<br />
it because (I) it multiplies the places of manu-<br />
facture, and so prevents the production of all<br />
but very popular books, and that will be a<br />
grievous injury to works of scholarship and<br />
research; (2) it puts a book into the position of<br />
merchandise coming to your shores, whereas no<br />
book will ever come here and ask you to manu-<br />
facture it unless you first go deliberately over the<br />
water and fetch it across; (3) it allows of a period<br />
when a book is no longer under its author's<br />
control, and that strikes a blow at the absolute<br />
spirit of copyright and demands a freer name,<br />
and finally (4) it requires that you should with-<br />
draw from the Berne Convention, which is the<br />
sheet-anchor of the hope of all who have fought<br />
for the security and dignity of literature.<br />
Io. Gentlemen, I have tried to state the case<br />
fairly, and without questioning your right to legis-<br />
late for yourselves, I want to ask you a single ques-<br />
tion—What's the good? What's the good of the<br />
Act of 1889 to any party among the people for<br />
whom you legislate? What's the good to your<br />
author P What's the good to your reader?<br />
What's the good to your printer? What's the<br />
good to your publisher and bookseller P I say<br />
the Act of 1889, as it stands, is no good to any of<br />
these. It is no good to your author because it<br />
deprives him of copyright in all the countries of<br />
the copyright union, and reduces him to the<br />
isolation of his right of copyright in Canada. It is<br />
no good to your reader, because he gets his popular<br />
books at fifty cents, seventy-five cents and a<br />
dollar at present, and if he expects them any<br />
cheaper he expects what our readers in England<br />
never get and what he has no right to ask if he<br />
has any desire to leave bread and butter to the<br />
men who make his literature. It is no good to<br />
your printer (by that, I mean not the owner of<br />
your steam machines but your compositor) because<br />
your Act does not require that you should find<br />
labour for your poor operatives in composing<br />
your books (a claim that would have had our<br />
sympathy) but only that your publishers should<br />
import the plates that have been made by the<br />
labour of English operatives, and this, which has<br />
been claimed as a concession to England is really<br />
an injury to English authors because it will help<br />
you to produce books at less than the natural<br />
price, and that is an unsound commercial basis.<br />
And finally it is no good, and much less than no<br />
good, to your publishers and booksellers, because<br />
the unlimited licenses which it allows will cut the<br />
throat of the book trade, by reducing the prices<br />
of popular books from fifty cents to twenty-five<br />
and to fifteen and ten, until at length from the<br />
plates of a newspaper serial a novel will as<br />
formerly in the United States be produced by the<br />
WOL. VI.<br />
soap merchant to wrap round bars of kitchen<br />
soap, and bookselling as a separate industry will<br />
in ten years' time be gone from the face of<br />
Canada altogether. In short, sir, to use the<br />
idiomatic language of one of your own rude but<br />
wise and far-seeing legislators of the past,<br />
“There ain't nothing to it no-how.”<br />
II. But, gentlemen, do not suppose that I am<br />
blind to the difficulties of your position. While<br />
I have been in Canada. I have learned a good deal.<br />
I have met some of your publishers in person; I<br />
no longer believe that their first and only purpose<br />
is any form of shameful confiscation, any invasion<br />
of the market of the United States, and however<br />
much I may think they are pursuing a mistaken<br />
and dangerous policy, I am entirely willing to<br />
believe that they wish to remain upright, honest,<br />
and high - principled men. Since I came to<br />
Canada. I have seen some things which, while they<br />
do not excuse your Act of 1889 to an author, go<br />
far to explain its existence. On your bookstalls,<br />
for instance, I have found three different copy-<br />
right editions of “Trilby,” the English copyright<br />
edition, the Colonial copyright edition, and the<br />
Canadian copyright edition. The anomaly and<br />
absurdity of the position of this book needs no<br />
comment, and neither does that of my own copy-<br />
right book, the “Manxman,” which comes to<br />
Canada from England on payment of its six cents<br />
duty and from the United States subject (until<br />
lately), to the author's royalty of I2; per cent.<br />
thus paying me (nominally if not really) twice for<br />
the piece of work. Since I came to Canada. I<br />
have seen the necessity for the reform or the<br />
rescinding of Acts (like the Foreign Reprints<br />
Acts) made to meet a condition that is gone—<br />
the condition of general piracy in the United<br />
States down to 1891. And though I do not<br />
think tho anomalies of your present copyright<br />
arrangements call for legislation of so radical a<br />
nature as you propose, I recognise the fact that<br />
your geographical position in relation to the<br />
United States, the absence there of an agreement<br />
with the Berne Convention, and the presence<br />
there of a manufacturing clause in favour of<br />
American printers, gives you a certain justifica-<br />
tion which no other English colony (such as<br />
Australia), could possibly have for a measure of<br />
self-control and for a limited right to make the<br />
books intended for your own market. I say this<br />
guardedly and after reflection, and always with<br />
the reservation that all your manufacturing<br />
clauses are objectionable to authors and a limita-<br />
tion of the principle of copyright, only to be<br />
allowed under peculiar and trying conditions.<br />
But as long as the United States keeps out of the<br />
Berne Convention, and as long as they insist on<br />
manufacturing their own books, just so long,<br />
R.<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#510) ################################################<br />
<br />
156<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
but not one hour longer, I would (speaking<br />
for myself alone), be willing to grant to<br />
Canada (divided as it is from the States<br />
only by an imaginary border which is easily<br />
passed), the right to make her own books<br />
under some measure of authors’ control. Given<br />
this authors’ control, I do not think your Cana-<br />
dian copyright should be any cause of offence to<br />
America or disturb the understanding on which<br />
the President made his proclamation. And I do<br />
not think it ought to be in opposition to the<br />
spirit of the Berne Convention, whose second<br />
article seems to provide for just such cases as<br />
your own. But everything depends on the<br />
measure of control which you leave to the author,<br />
and I must tell you at once that unlimited licens-<br />
ing under the direction of your Government<br />
would be entirely inconsistent with the idea of<br />
authors’ rights entertained by the signatories to<br />
the Berne Convention. Some form of licensing I<br />
should personally advocate for Canada under the<br />
peculiar difficulties of her present relation to the<br />
United States with its right to manufacture, but<br />
it must be single licensing, and it must take<br />
cognizance of authors’ control, and that will not<br />
only be best for us, but also best for you—best<br />
for you as authors, best for you as readers, and<br />
as printers and as publishers. It is not for me<br />
now to say more precisely what system of licens-<br />
ing under the author's control I should urge my<br />
brother authors to accept. I have formulated a<br />
scheme which, as you know, I am submitting to<br />
your Government, and shall propose to my fellow<br />
authors without prejudice. I believe they will<br />
consider it fully and fairly, and I have every con-<br />
fidence that your Government will use as much<br />
of it as seems sound and wise.<br />
12. Gentlemen, only one word more. What-<br />
ever law you make in Canada. I personally mean<br />
to obey it, and the best of the authors in Eng-<br />
land, as far as they are able, will obey it also.<br />
Though it bear heavily on us we will submit.<br />
But I beg of you not to put us to too hard a test.<br />
Do not let us feel that foreign countries—France<br />
and Germany—can be more fair to us than our<br />
own colony. We are very proud of Canada. It is<br />
the youngest of the nations, and we think there<br />
is room enough for two great nations on this<br />
great continent. Canada has all the future<br />
before her. It would have been a joy and a source<br />
of pride if she could have led the way in this<br />
matter. We want to see her lead the way. We<br />
realise that in the time to come the greater Eng-<br />
land must be here beyond the sea—here among<br />
your great forests, your mighty waters, your now<br />
trackless wastes, that are waiting to spring up<br />
into yellow harvests. And we want to remember<br />
always that the men who are building up this<br />
newer England are our own kith and kin, our<br />
brothers who are far from home, our fathers’<br />
sons.”<br />
* ---,<br />
NEW YORK LETTER,<br />
- New York, Nov. 15.<br />
EVERAL months ago the editor of the<br />
S Author took occasion to praise the brisk<br />
and lively literary weekly called the<br />
Critic; and this paragraph suggested to me<br />
that some account of the various literary journals<br />
of America might be of interest to the readers of<br />
the Author.<br />
The best and the best known weekly review in<br />
America is the Nation, which was founded some<br />
thirty years ago by Mr. E. L. Godkin, under whose<br />
control it still continues. The Nation is not a<br />
literary paper pure and simple; it was modelled<br />
probably upon the Spectator, and its first interest<br />
is, and has always been, in politics. But its book-<br />
reviewing has always been extraordinarily well<br />
done, better done on the whole than in any other<br />
journal in the English language, I think. From<br />
the beginning the literary portion of the Nation<br />
has been in charge of Mr. W. P. Garrison, a son<br />
of the anti-slavery leader. Mr. Garrison and Mr.<br />
Godkin were able to enlist as occasional reviewers<br />
the leading American authorities in science and<br />
in art, and in literature. Very little of the<br />
reviewing is done in the office, as nearly every<br />
book is sent at once to the special expert who is<br />
in the habit of reviewing every volume on the<br />
same topic. Twenty or thirty of the leading<br />
professors at Harvard, at Columbia, at Johns<br />
Hopkins, and at Yale, are on the list of the<br />
Nation’s contributors, and can be called upon<br />
each for his special knowledge. This gives great<br />
weight to the Nation's opinion on all subjects<br />
where knowledge is of primeimportance; in history,<br />
for example, and in every department of science.<br />
In its criticism of pure literature, of fiction, and<br />
of poetry in particular, the Nation is neces-<br />
sarily less authoritative ; and, despite its best<br />
endeavour, it has not always been able to find<br />
reviewers able to do justice to contemporary<br />
fiction. But the AVation is not alone in this, for<br />
in no department of literature are their fewer<br />
open-minded experts than in fiction; and the<br />
average review of a modern novel in the Nation<br />
is likely to be as intelligent and careful as in any<br />
other journal,<br />
From the beginning the Nation was fortunate<br />
in its friends. Lowell was for years an abundant<br />
contributor; and so was Mr. Henry James. Mr.<br />
Howells has recently told us in Harper’s<br />
Magazine how he served on its staff, until he<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#511) ################################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
I57<br />
was tempted away to the Atlantic Monthly.<br />
Among Mr. Howells' successors were Mr. W. C.<br />
Brownell and Professor George E. Woodberry.<br />
For a long while Mr. James Bryce was the London<br />
correspondent of the Nation, and its Paris<br />
correspondent is still M. Auguste Laugel. Some<br />
ten or fifteen years ago the owners of the Nation<br />
bought the chief afternoon paper of New York, the<br />
Evening Post, edited for half a century by the<br />
poet Bryant ; and since then the most of the<br />
literary notes and of the book reviews of the<br />
Nation appear also in the Evening Post. Some-<br />
times the Nation contains a scientific or a<br />
philosophical review so solid that it is felt to be<br />
Out of place in the evening paper; and sometimes,<br />
especially in the holiday season, the pressure of<br />
the advertisements in the columns of the Evening<br />
Post is so great that room cannot be found for<br />
all the Nation’s book notices.<br />
The Critic is now about fifteen years old, half<br />
the age of the Nation. As the nearest British<br />
analogue to the Nation is the Spectator, so the<br />
nearest British analogue to the Critic is the<br />
Academy, although the Critic has always given<br />
far more space to news than the Academy ever<br />
did. The Critic was founded by Miss J. L.<br />
Gilder, who had long been the New York corre-<br />
spondent of the Academy. She was aided by a<br />
younger brother, Mr. J. B. Gilder. The Critic<br />
has always paid special attention to the topics of<br />
the time, to the book of the hour, to the author<br />
of the day. It celebrated the centenary of<br />
Washington Irving's birth with a special number<br />
containing contributions from many of the leaders<br />
of American literature. Its London correspondent<br />
was for a while Mr. W. E. Henley, who could not<br />
keep his political prejudices out of his letters, and<br />
who was succeeded by Mrs. L. B. Walford. The<br />
London correspondent is now Mr. Arthur Waugh,<br />
who has been very happy in taking the tone of<br />
the paper and in supplying it with the latest news<br />
of literary London. Although the literary centre<br />
of the United States is now in New York, it was<br />
once in Boston, and it may be some day in<br />
Chicago; so the Critic has correspondents in<br />
both cities, thus retaining a hold on the past and<br />
keeping in touch with the future. Mr. Charles<br />
Wingate writes the weekly letter from Boston,<br />
and Miss Lucy Monroe supplies that from<br />
Chicago, not finding it easy sometimes to make<br />
bricks without straw. The Critic has always<br />
opened its columns freely to discussion of music<br />
and drama and the fine arts. I believe that Mr.<br />
Charlesde Kay was once the writer on the fine arts;<br />
and that Mr. W. J. Henderson is now responsible<br />
for the musical criticism. Mr. Paul M. Potter,<br />
the dramatiser of “Trilby,” was the first dramatic<br />
critic of Miss Gilder's paper, Of late this<br />
important department has been in less expert<br />
and in less intelligent hands.<br />
It is pleasant to be able to record the fact that<br />
the columns of the Critic and of the Nation are<br />
absolutely free from the sickening self-puffery of<br />
their own contributors which disgraces certain<br />
of the Tondon reviews. The Nation never<br />
criticises the books written by members of its office<br />
staff, and it is noted for the freedom with which<br />
it handles the writings of its occasional con-<br />
tributors. An American man of letters told me<br />
the other day that for twenty years he had written<br />
almost every review in the Nation on a certain<br />
important topic, besides contributing occasional<br />
articles on other subjects, and that he had seen<br />
more than once, in parallel columns to a con-<br />
tribution of his own, an adverse criticism of some<br />
book of his or of one of his magazine articles.<br />
No review has ever appeared in the Critic of any<br />
books of Mr. Richard Watson Gilder—solely<br />
because he is the brother of the editors of the<br />
Critic.<br />
The Critic was at first a fortnightly, although<br />
it became a weekly more than ten years ago. A<br />
fortnightly still is the Literary World of Boston,<br />
a journal modelled on its namesake in London.<br />
Until recently it was edited by the Rev. N. P.<br />
Gilman, who was an authority on profit-sharing,<br />
and who was more interested in ethics than in<br />
aesthetics. Its New York correspondent was Mr.<br />
John D. Barry, for a while assistant editor of<br />
the Forum. The London correspondent of the<br />
Literary World is now Mrs. Hinkson (Katherine<br />
Tynan).<br />
The Dial of Chicago is not a fortnightly; it is<br />
a semi-monthly, appearing on the Ist and 15th of .<br />
every month. It is now a little more than ten<br />
years old, and it is still conducted by its founder,<br />
Mr. Francis F. Browne, who is assisted by Mr.<br />
William Morton Payne. Its New York correspon-<br />
dent is Mr. Arthur Stedman, the son of Mr.<br />
E. C. Stedman. The Dial is a serious and<br />
a dignified review; it is representative of all that<br />
is best in the intellectual life of Chicago, and its<br />
existence is evidence that there is an increasing<br />
appreciation of literature in that city of strenuous<br />
endeavour. All its more important reviews are<br />
warranted by the signatures of the writers.<br />
Many years ago the importing house of<br />
Scribner and Welford (now merged in Charles<br />
Scribners Sons) started a little trade monthly<br />
modelled on the Quarterly Notes of Longmans,<br />
Greene, and Co. It was called the Book-Buyer,<br />
and at first it served simply to announce the books<br />
of the house which published it. In time it added<br />
illustrations, and invited articles from writers of<br />
repute. It printed, for example, Mr. Laurence<br />
Hutton's interesting series of articles on American<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#512) ################################################<br />
<br />
I58<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
book-plates. Its Christmas number always con-<br />
tains half a dozen signed and illustrated reviews<br />
of the chief holiday books of the year. Its editor<br />
is now Mr. Moody. Its London correspondent<br />
was Mr. Ashby Sterry, and he was succeeded by<br />
Dr. Robertson Nicoll.<br />
It may be fanciful, but it has always seemed to<br />
me probable, that it was the Book- Buyer which<br />
suggested to Dr. Nicoll the starting of the Book-<br />
man—just as his Woman at Home was obviously<br />
modelled on the American Ladies Home Journal.<br />
Still this did not prevent Dodd, Mead, and Co.<br />
from arranging to publish an American edition of<br />
Dr. Nicoll's literary monthly. They engaged as<br />
editor Professor Harry Thurston Peck, of Columbia<br />
Cellege, who very soon found that if the American<br />
Bookman was to be a success, it could borrow but<br />
little from its British namesake, since the literary<br />
interests of New York at d London are often<br />
widely different. So it is that Professor Peck’s<br />
Bookman contains a scant portion of the matter<br />
that appears in Dr. Nicoll’s Bookman—little<br />
more than the letter from Paris and a review or<br />
two every month. Dr. Nicoll sends a monthly<br />
letter from London to the New York journal.<br />
Professor Peck has succeeded in making the<br />
American Bookman a brisk and lively review,<br />
abounding in gossip and trenchant in criticism,<br />
and he has altogether too much sense of proportion<br />
and too wide a knowledge of books to give up to<br />
the infusoria of contemporary literature the space<br />
they are allowed to fill in the Bookman’s London<br />
namesake.<br />
Space fails to consider here at length the<br />
Literary News, which issues monthly from the<br />
office of the Publisher's Weekly or Book News,<br />
which is published by Wanaker, the universal<br />
provider of Philadelphia. Nor can I do more than<br />
note the clever and unconventional little semi-<br />
monthly Chap-Book, issued by the young firm of<br />
Stone and Kimball in Chicago. H. R.<br />
*- a 2-º<br />
r- - -,<br />
NOTES FROM PARIS,<br />
HAVE been consulted on more than one<br />
Occasion, recently, by authors who wish to<br />
produce their works, or rather transla-<br />
tions of their works, in Paris. I may as well<br />
resume here what I have invariably answered<br />
when questioned on these points. The work must<br />
be produced at the author's entire risk. The cost<br />
of translation may be calculated at about IOS. a<br />
thousand words. This is very fair pay, consider-<br />
ing the prices paid for literary work in Paris. (A<br />
Parisian publisher once offered me 312 for<br />
translating a 150,000 - word story by Paul<br />
Marguerite. But no member of our society would,<br />
I hope, care to sweat a brother-littérateur.) The<br />
cost of production of Say IOOO copies of the<br />
ordinary 3 francs 50 cent. volume would be about<br />
340. At least that is what a good publisher<br />
would demand. The cost of advertising the book<br />
would be enormous. There is little or no review-<br />
ing done in the French papers, so that the Eng-<br />
lish author would have to make up his mind to<br />
do without this gratuitous publicity. The net<br />
receipt from each copy sold would be about two<br />
francs. (I am supposing the book to be issued at<br />
3 francs 50 cents.) The sale of the book would<br />
probably be a very small one. I always dissuade<br />
authors from engaging in any speculation of this<br />
kind. The preceding remarks will explain why I<br />
do so.<br />
The Parisian Society of Authors, who publish<br />
their own works, which I described in an article<br />
which was reproduced in last month's Author, has<br />
sent methe first book issued by theassociation. This<br />
is a collection of short stories, republished from<br />
various periodicals, entitled “La Grande Nuit.”<br />
I cannot speak very enthusiastically about this<br />
first production. I do not refer to the literary or the<br />
commercial value of the tales, but to the book as<br />
a book. Its “get-up " is amateurish, the cover is<br />
a singularly unattractive one, a pale grey in colour,<br />
and the printing is not up to the mark. The<br />
importance of “get-up,” cover-paper, printing,<br />
and general symmetry, never impressed them-<br />
selves more vividly on me than in examining this<br />
book. In these matters experience, such as is<br />
possessed by publishers who know their business,<br />
appears indispensable. Isuppose that the managers<br />
of the Societé Libre will acquire it in time. In<br />
the meanwhile the lack of it seems likely to<br />
jeopardise the success of the undertaking.<br />
What I wrote in recent numbers of the Author<br />
anent certain black sheep in our midst has<br />
brought me a quantity of abuse — all anony-<br />
mous, of course—and what I wrote has been<br />
entirely misrepresented. One editor, who com-<br />
mended me to the attention of the mad doctors,<br />
represented me as having described as blacklegs<br />
“reviewers and people who read for publishers.”<br />
Reference was made to some of the most revered<br />
names in English letters, and I was described as<br />
having levelled my attack against gentlemen for<br />
whom I have as much reverence and loyalty as I<br />
have contempt and loathing for the persons<br />
whom I had in mind. I never attacked the re-<br />
viewers. It would be as basely ungrateful as it<br />
would be foolishly unjust for me to do so. My<br />
remarks were addressed to the prosperous writer<br />
of books who does not scruple to attack anony-<br />
mously, for hire, the books of brother authors.<br />
I know persons of this description, and, as I<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#513) ################################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
I 59<br />
wrote, they would be tolerated in no other country<br />
but England. My remarks were also addressed<br />
to the prosperous writers who retail literary<br />
advice at a guinea, the dollop to publishers,<br />
anonymously. The prosperity and the anony-<br />
mity of the person constitute his claim to the title<br />
of literary blackleg.<br />
It is a painful subject, and one that I am most<br />
loth to pursue, for the further one penetrates into<br />
the bas-fonds of literary society in England the<br />
sadder at heart he must be at the degradation of a<br />
noble profession. Here one finds false brothers of<br />
every variety, and a mass of malice, injustice,<br />
extortion, and oppression, which would surprise<br />
one amongst King Prempeh's merry men at<br />
Rumassi. The number of literary impostors at<br />
present before the public in England is no in-<br />
considerable one, and a banquet of literary ghosts<br />
holden in London would bring together a large<br />
and unhappy attendance. There is So-and-so—I<br />
am speaking of an actual person—who has not<br />
written a single line of any of the books published<br />
under his name. And there are many like him.<br />
In fact anyone who takes the trouble to investi-<br />
gate the matter will find more people in the lite-<br />
rary profession who are flourishing on absolutely<br />
false pretences than in any other profession in<br />
England. In France these Tartuffes are pointed<br />
out and at ; in England they pass high in the<br />
public esteem.<br />
A writer in The Critic of New York qualified<br />
as “colossal nonsense” a remark of mine in a<br />
recent number of the Author, in which I expressed<br />
disapproval of the conduct of a successful literary<br />
man, who, on behalf of a firm of publishers, was<br />
offering to well-known albeit unprosperous<br />
brother-writers terms very far below what in<br />
literary circles are considered fair rates. Another<br />
instance of the same kind has quite recently been<br />
brought to my notice. In this case a well-known<br />
novelist, whose work is acknowledged to be of the<br />
highest literary value, was asked to write an<br />
essay on a subject, involving great special know-<br />
ledge, at the rate of twelve shillings the page of<br />
six hundred words. This offer was made in the<br />
name of a well-known literary man. I must be<br />
guilty of still more colossal nonsense, and repeat<br />
that I do not think it befits a man of letters to<br />
act as taskmaster in the interests of a commercial<br />
house to the prejudice of his fellow-authors,<br />
It is not often that a novel written on a play<br />
achieves any very great success, and it is therefore<br />
worthy of notice that M. Edmond Lepelletier's<br />
version of Sardou’s “Madame Sans-Gêne” is now<br />
in its eighty-seventh thousand. The great popu-<br />
larity of the play no doubt largely helped the sale<br />
of M. Lepelletier's novel.<br />
Paul Deroulède's patriotic, Anglophobic drama,<br />
WOL. VI. -<br />
“Messire du Guesclin,” which is being performed<br />
at the Porte-Saint-Martin Theatre, is a very great<br />
success. It tickles the French Chauvin in the<br />
right spot. One result of this success has been<br />
to create a demand for M. Deroulède's volume of<br />
poems, and a collection of his most patriotic<br />
pieces has just been issued under the title “Poesies<br />
Militaires,” illustrated by Jeanniot. It is selling<br />
extremely well. Though one does not altogether<br />
approve of M. Deroulède's extreme patriotism,<br />
bordering as it does on aggressiveness, one is<br />
very glad that success—and success of a financial<br />
nature—has at last come to him. His is a very<br />
noble character. He sacrificed everything in his<br />
loyal devotion to Boulanger, and was brought by<br />
his fidelity into sore straits. “Messire du Guesclin”<br />
is, I fancy, his first play; though as a nephew of<br />
Emile Augier he had from youth up every<br />
encouragement to try his hand at dramatic<br />
writing.<br />
It is symptomatic of the popularity of the short<br />
story or nouvelle in France that a Society of Short-<br />
Story Writers, formed for convivial purposes, has<br />
drawn together a large number of members. The<br />
society held its first monthly dinner last week at<br />
a fashionable restaurant on the boulevard.<br />
Mr. A. P. Watt was telling me the other day<br />
of an experiment he had tried on behalf of one<br />
of his clients. He sold a right of serializing a<br />
very successful novel to a provincial paper some<br />
months after the book had appeared as a volume.<br />
At the beginning both the author and Mr. Watt<br />
were rather anxious lest this serialization might<br />
Inot diminish the sale of the book as a volume.<br />
FIowever the experiment was quite successful.<br />
That the serialization did not interfere with the<br />
sale of the volume was shown by the fact that<br />
subsequently a new edition of IO,OOO copies was<br />
called for. In France, books are serialized over<br />
and over again, and in no case has this been<br />
found to affect the sale of the book as a book<br />
otherwise than favourably. At the time of writ-<br />
ing, the “Count of Monte Cristo’’ is running as<br />
a serial in more than a dozen papers in France,<br />
and the book still sells as well as ever. It has<br />
been serialized hundreds of times. The same<br />
might be said of scores of other popular French<br />
books.<br />
A translation of a book by a member of the<br />
Authors’ Club, “An Original Wager, by a<br />
Vagabond,” is about to appear in serial form in<br />
'L' Echo du Nord. It is sure to be very popular.<br />
The book describes how, for a wager, the author<br />
supported himself in France for six weeks entirely<br />
by utilising his sporting capacities. He boated,<br />
he swam, he bicycled, he taught billiards and<br />
tennis, he ran, rode, and walked, and won his<br />
bet in the end. The story is most entertainingly<br />
S<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#514) ################################################<br />
<br />
16o<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
told and the book 1s fresh and novel. It is<br />
dedicated to the “sportsmen of France,” from<br />
whom it is sure to have a warm welcome.<br />
RoBERT H. SHERARD.<br />
** = --><br />
* * *<br />
POPE AND GRUB STREET.<br />
T was Pope, and Swift to aid him, who esta-<br />
blished among us the Grub-street tradition.<br />
He revels in base descriptions of poor men's<br />
wants; he gloats over poor Dennis's garret, and<br />
flannel nightcap, and red stockings; he gives<br />
instructions how to find Curl’s authors, the<br />
historian at the tallow chandler's under the blind<br />
arch in Petty France, the two translators in bed<br />
together, the poet in the cock-loft in Budge-row,<br />
whose landlady keeps the ladder. It was Pope, I<br />
fear, who contributed, more than any man who<br />
ever lived, to depreciate the literary calling. It<br />
was not an unprosperous one before that time, as<br />
we have seen; at least, there were great prizes in<br />
the profession which had made Addison a<br />
minister, Prior an ambassador, and Steele a<br />
commissioner; and, Swift almost a bishop. The<br />
profession of letters was ruined by that libel of<br />
“The Dunciad.” If authors were wretched and<br />
oor before, if some of them lived in haylofts of<br />
which their landladies kept the ladders, at least<br />
nobody came to disturb them in their straw; if<br />
three of them had but one coat between them,<br />
the two remained invisible in the garret, the third,<br />
at any rate, appeared decently at the coffee-house,<br />
and paid his two-pence like a gentleman. It was<br />
Pope who dragged into light all this poverty and<br />
meanness, and held up those wretched shifts and<br />
rags to ridicule. It was Pope that has made<br />
generations of the reading world (delighted with<br />
the mischief, as who would not be who reads it P)<br />
believe that author and wretch, author and rags,<br />
author and dirt, author and drink, gin, cow-heel,<br />
tripe, poverty, duns, bailiffs, squalling children<br />
and clamorous landladies, were always associated<br />
together. The condition of authorship began to<br />
fall from the days of “The Dunciad;” and I believe<br />
in my heart that much of that obloquy which has<br />
since pursued our calling was occasioned by<br />
Pope's libels and wicked wit. THACKERAY.<br />
**<br />
,-- - -,<br />
WHY NOT GIVE THE NAMES:<br />
T is sometimes asked why the Society does<br />
I not publish the names in the cases detailed<br />
in these columns. It is sometimes even<br />
suggested that the cases are invented. Very early<br />
easy to understand it.<br />
in the existence of the Society the method of<br />
publishing cases without names was adopted,<br />
advisably, in the reports and papers of the<br />
Society. And in the very useful book issued by<br />
the Society, called “Methods of Publishing,” the<br />
agreements, &c., commented on were published.<br />
without names. What are the advantages and<br />
what are the reasons of this line P One has not<br />
the authority of the committee to explain or<br />
defend their action in this place; but it is very<br />
The case is brought to<br />
the secretary ; it is very often an agreement.<br />
carefully drawn up so as to impose upon the<br />
ignorance, not only of the author, but of the<br />
ordinary solicitor—see some of the agreements in.<br />
“Methods of Publishing; ” it is above all things<br />
necessary that the clauses should be explained<br />
to the author first, and to the public next,<br />
with full comment showing where there are<br />
traps laid and where the author is made to give<br />
away rights which he should have kept. But<br />
full comment is impossible when the names of<br />
both parties are given; one cannot call the author<br />
an ass for signing such a contract, nor the<br />
other side a sharp for asking him to do so. But,<br />
one can point out anonymously with fulness.<br />
the credulity of the one, and the sharp practice of<br />
the other; one can explain the meaning of things<br />
quite clearly and plainly without names. In<br />
the “Methods of Publishing,” a book which our<br />
younger members do not seem to study so much<br />
as they should, no one can complain that freedom.<br />
of exposition—and exposure—is wanted. Every<br />
one of the agreements given there is a real<br />
agreement, just as every one of the cases quoted<br />
in the Author is a real case.<br />
Now, the case having been set forth with the<br />
exact facts neither heightened nor suppressed,<br />
and with our comments, it remains for the person<br />
criticised or exposed to put the cap on his own<br />
head if he pleases. When Mr. Sprigge's book,<br />
the “Methods of Publishing,” appeared, one was<br />
in great hopes that somebody would come forward<br />
and put the cap on his own head. Nobody did.<br />
That was four years ago. The book has been<br />
widely circulated and warmly praised. Nobody<br />
has stepped forward to say, “This is my abomin-<br />
able agreement.” On the contrary, the book has<br />
checked a vast number of abuses, and prevented<br />
many cruel swindles. Surely to check an abuse is<br />
a far more useful thing than to attack one out<br />
of many guilty persons.<br />
But, in order to meet everybody’s views, the<br />
secretary makes through these columns the follow-<br />
ing proposal: Whenever a case is exposed in the<br />
Author, he is quite prepared to communicate to<br />
any member of the Society the name of the pub-<br />
lisher concerned. That member may make any<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#515) ################################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
I6 I<br />
use of his information that he pleases. It is, of<br />
course, understood that no case is published in<br />
this paper unless the secretary has in his hands<br />
all the documents—letters, agreements, accounts,<br />
&c.—connected with it.<br />
It should be explained, in common justice, that<br />
the number of cases is much smaller than it was ;<br />
in other words, those persons who thought they<br />
could go on “besting” the author with impunity<br />
find that it will not do. It should also be recog-<br />
mised that the persons who are still loud in<br />
their abuse of the Society are chiefly those who<br />
still practise the falsification of accounts, and the<br />
charging of advertisements for which they pay<br />
nothing.<br />
r- * ~s<br />
NOTES AND NEWS,<br />
HE telegram published in the Times of Nov.<br />
26, which is reproduced on p. 15I seems to<br />
show that the Canadian copyright question<br />
is solved by a compromise. It would not be<br />
reasonable to discuss the terms of the compromise<br />
until fuller information has been received. Let<br />
it, however, be noted here that whatever good has<br />
been attempted or achieved in this business is due<br />
solely to the action of Mr. Hall Caine; at great<br />
expense of time and trouble. Mr. Hall Caine has<br />
converted the Canadian people to a reasonable<br />
frame of mind; and he has saved, it is hoped, inter-<br />
national copyright, which was threatened by the<br />
Canadians. For these services he deserves, and<br />
will receive, the best thanks of all who are con-<br />
nected with literature; and he has accomplished<br />
a work which will bring lasting honour to his<br />
name. It remains for us, whom he has repre-<br />
sented, to arrange a becoming welcome for Mr.<br />
Hall Caine on his return.<br />
Another thing of great importance must be<br />
noted. For the first time in history, matters con-<br />
nected with literary property have been intrusted<br />
to a man who creates literary property. When,<br />
until this year, have English authors ever been con-<br />
sulted on questions of copyright, i.e., on questions<br />
connected with literary property P Now Mr. Hall<br />
Caine goes out to Canada, the representative of the<br />
Society of Authors, i.e., of fifteen hundred men and<br />
women of letters, the only English literary associa-<br />
tion of any importance. He is also recognised as<br />
the representative of the Society, and is received as<br />
such, by Mr. Chamberlain, the Secretary of State<br />
for the Colonies; and he is received and recognised<br />
as our representative by the authors of the United<br />
States and by the Copyright Association of<br />
Canada, and by the Government of Canada. Ten<br />
years ago whatever question of literary property<br />
might arise would have been handed over to some<br />
publisher; it would have been assumed that<br />
literary property belonged altogether to pub-<br />
lishers; that literary men were their employés,<br />
their clerks, as necessary for the conduct of<br />
their business as the boys who put up the<br />
parcels.<br />
As regards the conduct of this paper, I have<br />
to announce that “ H. R.,” who has acted as its<br />
New York correspondent for two years, is com-<br />
pelled to retire: a successor will be found. Mr.<br />
Sherard will continue as Paris correspondent: it is<br />
proposed to engage a Canadian and an Australian<br />
correspondent. Arrangements have been made<br />
for as complete an enumeration of new books<br />
and announcements as possible: there will be a<br />
monthly paper on the “literature" of the maga-<br />
zines; there will be an occasional feuilleton ;<br />
and we shall repeat from time to time, for fear<br />
it should be forgotten, the true meaning of<br />
royalties, deferred royalties, and half profits.<br />
It would greatly tend to the usefulness of the<br />
Author if members of the Society would lend it<br />
about, see that it is placed on club tables, and,<br />
should they not care to keep it, if they would give<br />
it to any person engaged in literary pursuits.<br />
Mr. John Morley is reported by Mr. Stead to have<br />
recently estimated the number of readers among the<br />
forty millions of inhabitants of the country at one<br />
million. I cannot understand this estimate. There<br />
are, in these islands, nearly 300 public free libraries:<br />
most of them are lending libraries: at many of<br />
them there are visitors every day by the thousand.<br />
If only IO,OOO readers frequent each library,<br />
there are 3,OOO,OOO readers at once: but in reality<br />
there are many more than 10,000. Probably<br />
2O,OOO would be nearer the average, which would<br />
give us 6,000,000 for the number of readers taken<br />
from the lower middle class or the upper working<br />
class alone, and not counting the very large class<br />
of wealthier people who use Smith and Mudie and<br />
other libraries, and buy books. I reckon these at<br />
2,OOO,OOO, or 400,000 families. And my total<br />
of readers is 8,000,ooo, or one-fifth of the whole.<br />
If we allow for children under twelve the propor-<br />
tion is very much higher. I cannot think that<br />
Mr. John Morley has been following the enormous<br />
advance of reading during the last few years: of<br />
reading, I mean, as an habitual recreation: nor<br />
can he have observed the significance of the facts<br />
connected with the development of the cheap<br />
magazine; the turning out every year of readers<br />
from the Board Schools by their hundreds of<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#516) ################################################<br />
<br />
I62<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
thousands; and the opening of new public<br />
libraries.<br />
Professor Saintsbury, on the other hand, is re-<br />
ported to lament that we read too much and too fast;<br />
that we no longer take notes; and that common-<br />
place books have gone out. There is published in a<br />
daily newspaper, he says, the matter of an ordinary<br />
8vo. volume. There is more ; in a certain number<br />
of the Times I reckoned there was the matter of<br />
three old-fashioned three-volume novels. The<br />
Professor assumes that the ordinary reader goes<br />
through the whole paper. There is his mistake;<br />
ino reader goes through the whole paper. It is<br />
impossible. Different things interest different<br />
readers; some things are to some readers im-<br />
possible. I am, myself, a person of very limited<br />
tastes. Political speeches I seldom read; nor<br />
debates in any of the many Parliaments. In<br />
their stead I read the leading articles upon them.<br />
Sporting news; financial news; the column from<br />
the London Gazette ; ecclesiastical news; meet-<br />
ings of companies; stock and share lists; all<br />
these I pass over. I also pass over all the<br />
advertisements. So that, really, my daily Times<br />
does me very little harm, as I read no more than<br />
a sixth part of it. As for notes and common-<br />
place books, no one except students ever did make<br />
notes or keep common-place books; and these do<br />
still. I have piles of notes on subjects concerning<br />
which I work most ; they are not kept in a com-<br />
mon-place book, but in brown paper envelopes on<br />
loose sheets of paper.<br />
In fact this kind of talk ignores the real truth.<br />
that for ninety-nine out of a hundred, reading is<br />
for recreation, not for study. It is a recreation<br />
that permits and encourages the reading of<br />
serious and grave books as well as works of<br />
imagination. But it is recreation and not study.<br />
How should it be otherwise? Most people are<br />
not ambitious: they do not seek to rise; they are<br />
contented with a humble lot : they ask of life<br />
nothing but work not too hard ; pay, not too<br />
low ; rest, not too short. And books help them<br />
to rest better than any form of recreation ever<br />
invented. Certainly they are not going to make<br />
notes or to keep common-place books any more<br />
than they are going to swallow the whole of their<br />
newspaper every day.<br />
Alexandre Dumas is dead. His last imarticu-<br />
late words, according to the doctor standing at<br />
his bedside, were “like the closing of a book.”<br />
What more fitting conclusion to his life?<br />
An incident of which all literary Paris has been talking<br />
lias again brought prominently to the front a question that<br />
has long been a sore point with French authors. The<br />
question is a quarrel of ancient date between writers and<br />
publishers, and the incident is the rupture that occurred a<br />
few weeks back between one of the most prominent Parisian<br />
publishers and a French author of world-wide renown, who<br />
is an Academician. The nature of the quarrel is the utter<br />
absence of any sort of control over the sale figures of their<br />
works, which the authors assert is the result of the pub-<br />
lishing conditions at present in vogue in Paris. If the<br />
authors’ tales are to be believed, there are publishers who<br />
print editions of which the profits never find their way into<br />
the writers' pockets, and of which the authors, indeed, are<br />
entirely ignorant of the printing. Another practice said to<br />
be common is the misrepresentation of the number of<br />
volumes comprised in an edition. The very celebrated<br />
author already alluded to fancied he had a grievance of<br />
this kind, and separated himself from his publisher. How-<br />
ever, after negotiations that have lasted several weeks, he<br />
has been convinced that he was mistaken, and his books<br />
will continue to appear with the old imprint.<br />
The above paragraph is reproduced from the<br />
Daily Chronicle. So far there has been no<br />
accusation—no suspiciou, even—of such frauds<br />
brought against English publishers. Is it worse,<br />
however, than overcharging the cost of produc-<br />
tion—or than charging for advertisements which<br />
have cost nothing P These practices are all allied:<br />
they are tricks: they degrade the trade. There<br />
is only one course possible for honest men : it is<br />
for one side to demand, and for the other to offer,<br />
an audit when the accounts are sent in : and that<br />
as a regular thing, confessedly adopted on account<br />
of the tricks and cheateries of the dishonest.<br />
An article appeared in last month’s Nineteenth<br />
Century abusing the Society and the Literary<br />
Agent. It was, in fact, over due. Such an article<br />
used to appear once a month : then once in three<br />
months: now once in six months.<br />
This article is written by a person who signs<br />
himself “One of the Trade ’’ at the head of the<br />
paper, and “T. Werner Laurie” at the end.<br />
There is no “T. Werner Laurie ’’ in the list of<br />
the trade. It has been ascertained, however, that<br />
a “T. Werner Laurie” is an employé of Mr.<br />
Fisher Unwin.<br />
Here are some of the things in this paper:<br />
I. “ Unlimited accusations * are now being<br />
hurled at publishers, presumably by the Society.<br />
What are these accusations? Publishers are<br />
going to “take up the matter seriously.” Very<br />
good. Nothing could be better.<br />
2. The Society, it appears, became a success<br />
because amateurs wanted to put letters after their<br />
name. No one has ever put any initials after his<br />
name that would connect him with the Society.<br />
3. The promoters formed a Council, some of<br />
whom have “actually had MSS. published.” The<br />
list of our Council is published with every number<br />
of the Author. Look at the names who have<br />
“actually had MSS. published.”<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#517) ################################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
I63<br />
4. The “Cost of Production” is a “pleasant<br />
romance.” We thought this kind of impudence<br />
was finished. We once offered to take over on our<br />
own figures all the printing of a certain publisher<br />
who ventured to attack them. Then he sat down.<br />
5. Publishers, it appears, who give royalties of<br />
20 or 25 per cent, lose on these books. Do they?<br />
A publisher who was interviewed on this subject<br />
in the New Budget complained and wept over the<br />
fact that with such a royalty he could only get 7d.<br />
for himself on each copy—this after deducting all<br />
the office and advertisingexpenses. That is loss, isit?<br />
6. Writers not so fortunate must suffer by the<br />
publishers' losses on the big royalties. Fudge |<br />
7. The author is to be especially pitied for this<br />
rise in royalties. Poor author | He will doubtless<br />
go back joyfully to the sweet old terus.<br />
8. The Society has destroyed the old friendship<br />
between author and publisher. Well: one looks<br />
round: one finds as many friendships between<br />
honourable publishers and their authors as ever.<br />
9. The Society has not succeeded in “forcing ”<br />
up royalties to this or that height. The Society<br />
does not try to force royalties. It shows what<br />
they mean: it throws light on the actual cost of<br />
producing and on the actual returns of a book.<br />
This, however, is enough to show the stuff of<br />
which the article is composed.<br />
The rest of the article chiefly consists of abuse<br />
of the Literary Agent. The one short answer to<br />
this is-We must either meet the publisher as<br />
One man of business with another, or we must<br />
appoint an attorney to meet him for us. All the<br />
railing with which this person fills his page about<br />
the literary agent's malpractices is rubbish and<br />
beside the mark. If it were true, it concerns the<br />
author, who has not yet, I believe, invited any<br />
publisher's clerk to protect him from his own<br />
man of business. Now it simply stands to reason<br />
that any publisher who refuses to treat with an<br />
author's man of business--agent—i.e., solicitor—<br />
can only do so because he declines to discuss<br />
business affairs with one who knows as much as<br />
he knows himself. And why? Why should he<br />
be unwilling to play an open game P The answer<br />
is quite obvious. One is always rejoiced to welcome<br />
such a production as this article. It gives ourselves<br />
the opportunity of stating once more our raison<br />
d'être and our performances. It shows the world<br />
the foolish misrepresentations by which the Society<br />
can alone be attacked: and it disposes of all the<br />
silly stuff which is invented for the purpose of<br />
attacking the Literary Agent.<br />
An answer to the article appears in the<br />
December number of the Nineteenth Century.<br />
That part of it which concerns the Society is by<br />
our chairman. That which concerns the agent is<br />
by myself. WALTER BESANT,<br />
THE THREE-WOLUME, NOWEL AGAIN.<br />
WHE question of the three-volume novel is not,<br />
it appears, closed. Miss Braddon has pro-<br />
duced her latest novel in the old form, and<br />
Mudie’s Library has refused to take it. Miss<br />
Braddon's views on the subject have been com-<br />
municated to the Westminster Gazette, and were<br />
published in that paper. She defends the old<br />
form with the following arguments—not always<br />
novel—but, from a novelist of Miss Braddon's<br />
standing, commanding respectful hearing:<br />
I. The old form was light to hold, of large and<br />
clear type; the one-volume novel is too often thick<br />
and heavy in the hand, with small and closely<br />
printed type, tiring to the eyes.<br />
2. She would like a plebiscite on the subject<br />
from English novel readers.<br />
3. Under the old system the new writer had a<br />
better chance.<br />
The last seems at first a strong argument in<br />
favour of the three-volume form. Certain firms<br />
could command a subscription of any novel they<br />
issued—a subscription large enough to cover the<br />
cost of production. This cannot be done with a six-<br />
shilling book. On the other hand, however, is it<br />
necessary that the new writer should find the way<br />
so very plain and smooth for him? Is it not better<br />
that there should be some difficulty in obtaining an<br />
entrance? It must be confessed that many persons<br />
are now unable to produce novels who were<br />
admitted as novelists under the old system. A<br />
new writer will now find greater difficulty about<br />
acceptance. So much the better for literature.<br />
And it is not possible that, with so many<br />
publishers all wanting good work, any new writer<br />
who is good should be passed over.<br />
4. The danger of encouraging slight and<br />
ephemeral stories. There is always that danger;<br />
but did it not exist before, when it was so easy to<br />
get a three-volume story published? And will<br />
the public buy the slight and flashy stories that<br />
Miss Braddon fears P -<br />
5. The danger of trying to attract attention by<br />
“ sailing near the wind.” But it has always<br />
existed—this danger. Besides, Mudie's Library<br />
professes to refuse admission to such books.<br />
6. The weakening of the power of the libraries<br />
That is, surely, a danger for the libraries them-<br />
selves, not for authors, to consider.<br />
7. A possible change to book borrowing from<br />
book buying. No. There cannot be any such<br />
change. Book buying depends upon income.<br />
It is entirely a matter of income. A great many<br />
people read at home at least a hundred books a year.<br />
That means, at 4s. 6d. each, 3822 IOS. a year. How<br />
many people are there who can afford to spend<br />
£22 Ios. a year on the purchase of books?<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#518) ################################################<br />
<br />
I64<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
8. The danger that the libraries will refuse to<br />
buy any expensive work. I do not think there is<br />
i. * danger to be apprehended under this<br />
€a,Ol.<br />
9. The absurdity of the old “Procrustean<br />
length º argument.<br />
Here Miss Braddon speaks common sense.<br />
There never has been any “Procrusteam ” length<br />
for the three-volume form of novel. Its length<br />
varied from IOO,Ooo to 300,000 words. The six-<br />
shilling novel has just about the same limitations<br />
as to length.<br />
On the whole, the one strong argument in<br />
favour of the three-volume form is that it is light<br />
to hold and easy to read. The loss of it may<br />
mean a great deal to invalids and old people.<br />
The strongest argument against it is, in my mind,<br />
the fact that it locked up the work and kept it out<br />
of the hands of the general public for nearly a year.<br />
Was it not a strange anomaly that we used to<br />
publish a book twice—once for those who sub-<br />
scribed to the libraries, and then for the general<br />
public P. For my own part, it has always seemed<br />
to me that the libraries resigned certain advan-<br />
tages in changing the system; but one is nºt<br />
obliged to inquire how the libraries conduct their<br />
business. Our concern is with our own business.<br />
W. B.<br />
*~ * *<br />
THE NEW ZEALAND AUTHOR,<br />
By EDITH SEARLE GROSSMAN.<br />
(From the Canterbury Times, N.Z., Aug. 29, 1895.)<br />
Y subject, I am afraid, is a negative;<br />
authors, indeed, we have in plenty, but<br />
none of them have “prospects,” or, at<br />
least their prospects are chateaux, like the Baron's<br />
“in Spain, or enjoy the most airy of situations.”<br />
The matter might not be worth pen and ink but<br />
for the extraordinary illusions prevalent. It is<br />
really surprising that no small proportion of<br />
people should still imagine literature an easy path<br />
to wealth and fame. Almost every girl or young<br />
man who takes a high place in English during<br />
her or his school or university years dreams of a<br />
splendid career in authorship. No doubt this is<br />
true of England as well as of her colonies; but<br />
our delusion is fostered much longer, and we find<br />
it much harder to face actual facts. In the first<br />
place, the English novels of the day reach us only<br />
when they have made a great “hit” at home, and<br />
the new novelists we hear of are those favoured<br />
few who have happened to catch the fancy of the<br />
hour. -<br />
When we read of the rapid success of some<br />
colonial writer, like Rolf Boldrewood, our vague<br />
aspirations are fanned to a flame, and we do not<br />
It is not with us as with English people.<br />
reflect on the hundreds who have tried in vain.<br />
We<br />
have no struggling or moderately-successful<br />
literary class; no “new Grub Street’’ in our<br />
sight to warn us. There is no such thing as<br />
a literary class in the colonies. We know little<br />
of the mediocre writers of the day. But university<br />
students have at their fingers' ends the literary<br />
history of the first half of this century. Now this<br />
period was marked by the rise of the novel. If<br />
there were many failures then they are forgotten<br />
now ; what impressed the young ambitious student<br />
was the brilliant success of a few.<br />
The fact is that nowadays nothing is commoner<br />
than literary talent ; nothing more uncommon<br />
than pecuniary success. Perhaps the proportion<br />
of talented people is greater in this colony than<br />
in England, because we have no really illiterate<br />
class; a few remnants there are of the old peasant<br />
immigrants; a few born colonials on whom<br />
education is thrown away ; but every New<br />
Zealander of this second generation has a chance<br />
of cultivating his abilities. We have all the best<br />
books here, even the best of each year as it comes<br />
out; it is only the bad books that stay “at<br />
home; ” most New Zealanders are educated<br />
“beyond their sphere *—as old-fashioned people<br />
would say—and the hard details of our business<br />
world, our restless struggle for our daily bread,<br />
or for pleasure or for show, fail to satisfy those<br />
reared among the abstract passions, the reverence,<br />
the enthusiasm of a university life. It is to<br />
escape from a meaner lot that we return with hope<br />
and courage to a literary career.<br />
What is the end of it all? A return, sooner or<br />
later, to the old struggle to satisfy material wants.<br />
Unless some change takes place, there is no hope<br />
of literary success for a colonial. The sooner this<br />
is stamped upon the minds of all, the better.<br />
Courage, intellect, time, health, and temper are<br />
wasted in struggling against overwhelming odds.<br />
Sooner or later we must return to that practical<br />
life which the colony demands from us. It is in<br />
the world of action, not of thought, that the<br />
prizes lie. Doctor, lawyer, teacher, tradesman, all<br />
and each have prospects of brilliant success, and a<br />
certainty of avoiding absolute failure. Titerature<br />
alone offers no field at all.<br />
I shall not waste time over the efforts of that<br />
rapidly increasing throng who, each year, pay<br />
heavy sums to local publishers and get back<br />
nothing at all. We maturally consider ourselves<br />
superior to the inglorious crowd.<br />
But untried writers do not understand what are<br />
the difficulties in their way. Every difficulty that<br />
an English author encounters is doubled for a<br />
colonial, because the great distance between us<br />
and London, and the impossibility of finding out<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#519) ################################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
165<br />
exactly how our own affairs stand, place us com-<br />
pletely at the mercy of a publisher. But I think<br />
we can only get some glimpse of our troubles by<br />
considering the ordinary circumstances of publica-<br />
tion. Suppose a novel ready after some months<br />
of work; we imagine all we have to do is to sell<br />
it for some price, large or small, to a publisher.<br />
Very likely the merest novice in London has got<br />
beyond this stage of ignorance; but certainly most<br />
colonials suppose, when they have given time,<br />
talent, and toil to a book, they have earned<br />
some return. Not at all; we find we are to pay<br />
a large sum down to the publisher, and may be<br />
very thankful if we ever get any of it back again.<br />
In short, we require an outlay of capital, and<br />
there is only the barest chance of any profit. In<br />
the first place there is the printer to pay, and then<br />
the publisher runs up sundries in a manner which<br />
would put any dressmaker to the blush. It is<br />
almost necessary to have manuscript type-written<br />
nowadays, and this is a preliminary trifle in the<br />
total expense. It will cost, say, between £5 and<br />
3IO. Then, if we want to do the thing cheaply,<br />
the manuscript is offered to a local publisher.<br />
This is how we nearly all begin. Now, this is<br />
sheer suicide to any chance of success. It may<br />
be of service to repeat here the advice given—of<br />
course, too late—by the head of one of our leading<br />
publishing' firms: “Do not try to publish any<br />
book in the colonies. If you cannot get it<br />
accepted by a well-known firm, do not publish it<br />
at all.” Booksellers pay more attention to the<br />
name of the publisher than to that of the author,<br />
especially when the latter is quite unknown. A<br />
novel published in New Zealand has no chance of<br />
circulation beyond New Zealand. The proportion<br />
of book buyers in each colony is so small that such<br />
a book is certain to be a failure. Book-buying is<br />
almost universally regarded as an extravagance.<br />
Suppose, then, that we have learnt this much<br />
wisdom from the first book; it has probably cost<br />
some £40 or £50 if the venture was a small one,<br />
and the agent tolerably honest.<br />
Next we apply to the best English houses, who,<br />
however, will seldom accept books by unknown<br />
people. After a year of wasted hopes and vain<br />
suspense, we hear of some new or less important<br />
firm, and get our manuscript at last accepted.<br />
|But these small houses compensate themselves for<br />
extra risks by taking extra profits. The author<br />
pays the entire cost of production. The Authors’<br />
Society's journal estimates this at a little over<br />
£100 for one thousand copies; a fair average sum<br />
paid by colonial writers for the printing would be<br />
360 for five hundred copies. A common selling<br />
price for the modern novel is 3s. 6d., so that if<br />
every copy sold the profit would be about £27.<br />
But, of course, the author could not expect to get<br />
this; the publisher, besides all manner of extra<br />
charges secures his own profits, say two-thirds, so<br />
that, if the whole edition sold, the author would<br />
not be able to get a single penny (profit) in<br />
return ; indeed, he might not be able to cover the<br />
Original outlay. A sale of five hundred copies<br />
represents, say, ten times the number of readers;<br />
and it is not one colonial author in a hundred who<br />
will get a larger circulation than this, indeed,<br />
very few will get as many as five thousand readers.<br />
Of course, it is a consolation to reflect that one's<br />
thoughts and ideas have become the property of<br />
so many people; still, from a business point of<br />
view, it is unprofitable. In the case considered,<br />
the author who has paid £60 is not at all likely<br />
to receive back more than £20, so that his book<br />
will be a dead loss of £40. I will take one case<br />
which did occur. The cost of printing a novel<br />
was £60; it was sold at 3s. 6d. a copy, and, when<br />
about three hundred copies were sold, the author's<br />
cheque amounted to £7 13s. ; the rest was taken<br />
up by mysterious trade discounts and charges for<br />
advertising. The account sent looked desperately<br />
accurate, though the author did not quite under-<br />
stand why trade discount figured twice. Still,<br />
there was clearly nothing to be done.<br />
One reason why so few copies are sold is that<br />
circulating libraries supply the reading public<br />
with all they want. The only book-buyers in the<br />
colonies are country people, a few students, and a<br />
very few personal friends of the author. Most of<br />
the friends are in the habit of asking the author<br />
for the loan of his book, a custom on whose<br />
astonishing meanness no one has yet reflected.<br />
All are free to read or buy as they please, or to<br />
borrow from the library, but to ask woman or man<br />
for their own book is just as much begging for<br />
charity as to ask a doctor, a lawyer, or a teacher<br />
for his services gratuitously. It is plain enough<br />
that literature, if persisted in, is more likely to<br />
lead to ruin than to prosperity. I wonder if the<br />
English authors, to whom we address our despair-<br />
ing appeals, feel anything more than astonishment<br />
at our ignorance of the world. Perhaps after all<br />
they would not pity us if they knew that we are<br />
in no danger of starving. There is some sort of<br />
active career open to all, at least to men, so we<br />
turn at last to manual labour, or to some uncon-<br />
genial profession; it is our minds that are starving<br />
and wasting away.<br />
There are some who will write for their own<br />
pleasure, regardless of others. These have the<br />
true gift; and they will have the best, the purest<br />
joy of creation, but their creation and their joy<br />
will perish with them. If there be among<br />
colonials those who have so deep a passion, and<br />
who have also the leisure to satisfy it, let them<br />
write; and if they really believe they have some-<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#520) ################################################<br />
<br />
I66<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
thing to their fellows, let them pay for a hearing.<br />
But let us cease dreaming of literature as a path<br />
to wealth and honour. It is worth our while to<br />
remember the witty story of a man who gave up<br />
his carriage in order to publish his poems.<br />
z- - -<br />
DINNER TO DR, BRANDES,<br />
WHE Authors’ Club gave a dinner on Monday,<br />
Nov. 18th, to Dr. Brandes. The chair<br />
was taken by Mr. Douglas Sladen. The<br />
following report of the speech made by the illus-<br />
trious guest appeared in the Daily Chronicle of<br />
the 19th.<br />
“Personally I am in debt to England for other<br />
more valuable impressions. I came as a young<br />
man to London. I got an impression of the<br />
strength of the English race. I saw in Hyde<br />
Park old men of seventy years ride on horseback<br />
with as jaunty an air as the youngest, with<br />
cheeks as red and fresh as the cheeks of a child.<br />
I began early in life to study English literature.<br />
I have written a big book in six volumes, on the<br />
European literature of the first fifty years of our<br />
century, and the kernel of this work is the poetry<br />
of England, the hinge on which it turns. Though,<br />
as you perceive, I speak English very badly, still<br />
I assure you I can read it very easily. I know<br />
thoroughly Wordsworth and Coleridge, Walter<br />
Scott and Moore, Keats, Landor, Shelley, and<br />
Byron. Of all the poets of the century nobody<br />
has impressed me more deeply than Shelley. I<br />
read the “Ode to the West Wind' with ecstasy<br />
and delight, I know the shorter poems line for<br />
line. There never was a lyrical poet greater than<br />
Shelley. I do not know his peer. In West-<br />
minster Abbey there is a bust of Southey, but I<br />
miss the images of Keats, of Shelley, of Byron.<br />
It has surprised me to find that this English<br />
people, which can certainly not be called an<br />
essentially military people, has honoured in its<br />
public places many of its generals, a few of its<br />
statesmen, but—except William Shakespeare in<br />
Leicester-square—very few of all those who have<br />
produced the great and glorious English litera-<br />
ture. Yet foreigners return again and again to<br />
the study of this literature, and above all others<br />
Shakespeare commands the attention of every<br />
civilised being. Everyone tries to understand<br />
him better and more fully than his predecessors.<br />
And I must plead guilty to a continuous six<br />
years' course of him. . In old times a critic<br />
was little esteemed of poets and authors.<br />
They believed him full of envy and malice,<br />
they believed he wore an abdominal belt of<br />
serpents. In our time people know that a critic<br />
is simply a man who can read and who<br />
teaches others to read—an art that is rarer<br />
than would be supposed. A critic is a man who<br />
is as pliant and supple when the question is<br />
to understand, as he is inflexible and firm when<br />
it is his task to speak out. He understands men<br />
and people who do not understand one another.<br />
He builds up bridges over the gulf that separates<br />
people from people, he is the true engineer of<br />
spiritual life. As he builds, so he clears away,<br />
and plants hedges and torches on the way. And<br />
as he builds up so he pulls down. 'Tis not faith<br />
that moves mountains, it is criticism that moves<br />
them—all the mountains of antiquated faith, of<br />
superstitions, and dead tradition. You do not know<br />
how fortunate you are to own a language that is<br />
understood all over the earth, so that you can<br />
appeal in your own words to your hearer. We,<br />
who have a language that is only understood by<br />
very few millions, are only known in translations.<br />
You are fortunate to have copyright in your work.<br />
Scandinavians have no literary agreement with<br />
other countries. Foreign publishers seldom send<br />
us anything for our copyrights, and often a copy<br />
of their piracies is even denied. And we are little<br />
translated. Of thirty volumes I have written,<br />
not a dozen are translated into German, and most<br />
of them in pirated editions made from texts that<br />
are twenty years old, and have in the meantime<br />
been entirely revised. These books bear my name,<br />
and have even been retranslated in many other<br />
languages, but I never have acknowledged them<br />
as mine. As I am on the threshold of an intro-<br />
duction to the English public, I am glad to be<br />
able to tell you that I have every reason to believe<br />
that it will be in a translation which for once I can<br />
be proud of. But it is not of my good fortune that<br />
I wish to talk. I want to repeat what I have<br />
said of yours. You are, indeed, fortunate in the<br />
possession of a literature such as yours is. I saw<br />
last Saturday in the Natural History Museum an<br />
enormous disk of a giant tree, many hundred<br />
years old. The tree was so old that its centre was<br />
marked as contemporary with the battle of<br />
Agincourt, and the different rings as contemporary<br />
with Shakespeare's birth, Newton’s death, the acces-<br />
sion of Queen Victoria, and so on. In spite of its age<br />
the stem had remained fresh and living until it<br />
was felled by human hand. Such a venerable<br />
tree is English literature, and it lives and flourishes<br />
to-day as of old. May never its woodman pass,<br />
and may it live and thrive and bear fruits ſ”<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#521) ################################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
167<br />
MR, STANLEY J. W.EYMAN AS DRAMATIC<br />
AUTHOR,<br />
LIFTON has had the honour of producing<br />
Mr. Stanley Weyman’s first dramatic<br />
piece, which was copyrighted on Nov. the<br />
22nd by a company of amateurs playing under<br />
Mr. Forster Alleyne. The piece is “ For the<br />
Cause,” played very nearly as it appeared in<br />
Chapman’s Magazine in May, but on the stage<br />
the quick terse conversation and epigrammatic<br />
dialogue have their full weight ; and the<br />
intensely dramatic situations prove Mr. Wey-<br />
man's power as a dramatic author. The piece is<br />
but of one act, but in the short time, about an<br />
hour, required to play it, the audience is moved<br />
by pathos, dread, and horror, and swayed to<br />
laughter. Legitimate situations excite a tension<br />
of feeling for the principal, in fact only, woman<br />
in the little play, Marie, the daughter of an<br />
old Huguenot who loves a Leaguer, who would<br />
have the Pope the only sovereign of Paris. The<br />
Huguenot is hiding the king in his stables, and<br />
Henri Quatre finds his way into the house as the<br />
stables are cold; and nearly surprises the young<br />
lovers. Marie has hidden Phillip, and to her<br />
anguish she learns this intruder is the King; and<br />
his friends join him, and in the room where the<br />
Leaguer who would hang them all is hidden, they<br />
unfold their plans to take Paris. Here the<br />
strength of the play gives grand scope to the<br />
actors, especially to Marie : she would die for her<br />
King Henri of Navarre; but she would save her<br />
lover: but he, if he escapes, will slay the King,<br />
her own father, and even destroy all hope for her<br />
faith. The King's plan is bared; a dumb stable<br />
boy comes in and points to where he saw Phillip<br />
hide, but is not understood; all are leaving;<br />
Marie in agony will give her heart for the King;<br />
he returns to say a word to her he has trusted,<br />
and she blurts out her secret, but immediately to<br />
passionately deny her words; but her lover is<br />
dragged from his hiding place. The King was<br />
played forcibly by Mr. Alleyne, and Miss Bryant<br />
did well as Marie, and Mr. K. Bryant also played<br />
with force and feeling as Phillip; especially when<br />
confronted with the sounds of the King's friend.<br />
The King rushes between them, and demands<br />
their sparing him almost in vain, until in passion<br />
he cries, “He does not die. France speaks.”<br />
For the girl who sacrificed her lover, and her life<br />
for the King, as she now lies senseless at their<br />
feet, he shall be spared. In a short, powerful<br />
speech he tells Phillip to go. “The girl you love<br />
has ransomed you; go to leave a name that shall<br />
live for centuries and stand for infamy.” The play<br />
should end where Phillip lifts up his Marie's body<br />
and bears her off; or he might be kneeling beside<br />
her as she half revives, as the curtain descends.<br />
What follows is de trop, and spoils the “Curtain”;<br />
but it is certain “For the Cause” will not be<br />
played for the last time at Clifton, and it may be<br />
the first, but can hardly be the last, acting piece<br />
by Mr. Stanley Weyman.<br />
JAMES BAKER.<br />
* * *-*.<br />
BOOK TALK,<br />
HIS very day are published the “Family<br />
Letters of Dante Gabriel Rossetti,” edited,<br />
with a memoir, by Mr. William Michael<br />
Rossetti, brother of the poet. Mr. Rossetti was<br />
assisted in the work by suggestions from his<br />
sister, the late Christina Rossetti. Messrs Ellis<br />
and Elvey are the publishers.<br />
Mr. Julian Sturgis has written a story entitled<br />
“The Master of Fortune,” for Messrs. Hutchin-<br />
son and Co.'s Zeit-Geist series. -<br />
Mr. Rider Haggard has written an African tale<br />
for the New Year number of the African Review.<br />
A volume of short stories, by Mrs. Kate<br />
Douglas Wiggin, entitled “The Village Watch-<br />
Tower,” will be issued soon by Messrs. Gay and<br />
Bird.<br />
Miss Edith Sichel is the author of “The Story<br />
of Two Salons,” which is concerned with French<br />
social life in the last century, and will be published<br />
by Mr. Arnold.<br />
A new story from the pen of Mr. W. E. Norris,<br />
called “Clarissa Furiosa,” will begin in the<br />
January number of the Cornhill Magazine.<br />
Sir Edwin Arnold has signed one thousand<br />
portraits for the frontispiece of the autograph<br />
edition of “The Book of Good Counsels,” which<br />
Messrs. W. H. Allen and Co. will publish soon,<br />
with drawings by Mr. Gordon Browne.<br />
Mr. Locker-Lampson's Memoirs, which Mr.<br />
Augustine Birrell is editing, will be entitled “My<br />
Confidences,” and the work is expected to be<br />
ready at Messrs. Smith, Elder, and Co.'s early in<br />
the coming year.<br />
NIr, R. Barry O’Brien, who wrote the notice of<br />
Mr. Parnell in the “Dictionary of National<br />
Biography,” is now preparing a life of the late<br />
Irish leader, and asks those who can to send<br />
recollections or documents pertaining to his<br />
Caréel".<br />
A world tour recently made by the Rev. H. R.<br />
Haweis is to result in a two-volume book of<br />
“Talk and Travel,” which Messrs. Chatto and<br />
Windus will publish. Previously, also, the writer<br />
journeyed twice in America, and his impressions<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#522) ################################################<br />
<br />
168 -<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
and experiences then will of course be included<br />
in the record.<br />
Mr. Oswald Crawfurd has a volume in the<br />
press for Chapman's Story Series entitled “The<br />
White Feather.” An adventure tale by Mr.<br />
Clark Russell will also appear in this series.<br />
Mr. Crawfurd has edited a collection of “Lyrical<br />
Verse from Elizabeth to Victoria,” a volume of<br />
400 pages, which, like the others, will be pub-<br />
lished by Messrs. Chapman and Hall.<br />
Dr. Riccardo Stephens, of Edinburgh, has<br />
written a novel called “The Cruciform Mark,”<br />
which Messrs. Chatto and Windus will publish<br />
SOOI] .<br />
The Carlyle Centenary, on the 4th inst., will be<br />
marked by the opening, for about a month, of an<br />
exhibition of pictures, MSS., portraits, &c., at<br />
the house, Cheyne-row. Mr. John Morley (whose<br />
leisure for literature will be curtailed should his<br />
candidature for Montrose be successful) is to<br />
preside at a meeting in Chelsea Town Hall on<br />
the same day, when the title-deeds of the Carlyle<br />
House will be handed over to the fund.<br />
A full bibliography of Tennyson was prepared<br />
by the late Mr. Richard Herne Shepherd. It is<br />
now shortly to be issued to subscribers by Mr.<br />
Frank Hollings, 7, Great Turnstile, Holborn,<br />
W.C.<br />
It is likely that another work of travel by Mr.<br />
Henry Norman will be published soon. This will<br />
consist of a reprint, with additions, of the long<br />
series of letters written to the Daily Chronicle<br />
by Mr. Norman during a tour of over two months<br />
through the countries (so deeply interesting at<br />
the moment) of the Balkan Peninsula. The<br />
letters were entitled “Round the Near East,” and<br />
discussed alike the rulers and rule of Turkey,<br />
Bulgaria, Montenegro, and the rest, and the<br />
social characteristics of their peoples and cities.<br />
Mr. Sidney Colvin writes to the Athenaeum<br />
explaining that “The Great North Road,” the<br />
story by Stevenson which appears in the Christ-<br />
mas number of the Illustrated London News, was<br />
not one of the last undertakings of its author,<br />
but belongs rightly to the year 1884. The tale<br />
“Weir of Hermiston,” upon which Stevenson was<br />
engaged at the time of his death, will appear in<br />
the new political review Cosmopolis.<br />
An important collection of letters has been<br />
brought to light, according to the Glasgow<br />
Evening News, in an old Caithness castle. They<br />
number several hundreds, including letters by<br />
Burns, Scott, Byron, Moore, and Dickens, all<br />
addressed to Mr. George Thomson, the distin-<br />
guished musical amateur, in connection with his<br />
“Miscellany of Scottish Song,” which he was<br />
engaged upon at the end of last century. Some<br />
of those more closely relating to Burns will be<br />
published in the Centenary edition of his Life<br />
and Letters, which Mr. Henley and Mr. Henderson<br />
are preparing. The publication of the letters as<br />
a whole has been allowed exclusively to the<br />
Glasgow Evening News.<br />
Mr. Elbert Hubbard’s book on “Little<br />
Journeys,” to the homes of famous people, will<br />
be issued very soon by Messrs. Putnam. The<br />
author disclaims giving biographies of the<br />
characters or guides to the places, and merely<br />
calls the articles outline sketches and impres-<br />
sions. Victor Hugo, Shakespeare, Dickens,<br />
Carlyle, Dean Swift, Mr. Ruskin, and Mr. Glad-<br />
stone are among the subjects of the volume.<br />
For the Jowett Memorial at St. Paul’s School<br />
over £800 has been subscribed, and a committee<br />
is taking tenders for erecting an organ in the<br />
Great Hall.<br />
“Excursions in Libraria : Retrospective Reviews<br />
and Bibliographical Notes,” is the title of a volume<br />
by G. H. Powell, which Messrs. Lawrence and<br />
Bullen will shortly issue. Some of the chapter<br />
headings are: “The Philosophy of Rarity,” “A<br />
Shelf of Old Story Books,” “With Rabelais in<br />
Rome,” and “The Wit of History.”<br />
Mrs. Oliphant's new work, “The Makers of<br />
Modern Rome,” will be published by Messrs.<br />
Macmillan as a sister volume to her “Makers of<br />
Florence.” It is divided into four books—<br />
“Honourable Women not a Few,” “The Popes<br />
who made the Papacy,” “Lo Popolo and the<br />
Tribune of the People,” and “The Popes who<br />
made the City.” There will be illustrations by<br />
Mr. Joseph Pennell and others.<br />
Mr. F. G. Kenyon, of the Department of<br />
MSS. at the British Museum, has written a<br />
popular textual history of the Bible down to its<br />
latest translation in English, with illustrations<br />
showing in facsimile the characteristics of the<br />
MSS. and the errors of the scribes. Messrs.<br />
Eyre and Spottiswoode are the publishers.<br />
In his book on “The Dover Road,” to be pub-<br />
lished immediately by Messrs. Chapman and Hall,<br />
Mr. Charles Harper says that this stretch of<br />
seventy-six miles is the most ancient and historic<br />
highway in England. This is one of a series of<br />
similar volumes by Mr. Harper.<br />
Several interesting developments in periodicals<br />
fall to be recorded. The Savoy, the new art and<br />
literary quarterly, with Mr. Arthur Symons and<br />
Mr. Aubrey Beardsley as editors, will appear this<br />
month ; and in disclaiming any school its pro-<br />
spectus says: “For us all art is good which is<br />
good art.” M. F. Ortmans is to be editor of the<br />
new monthly international review Cosmopolis.<br />
The Arena reduces its price from five to three<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#523) ################################################<br />
<br />
THE<br />
169<br />
A UTHOI8.<br />
dollars per annum; and the New Budget becomes<br />
a monthly instead of a weekly. A new political<br />
review, the Progressive, is announced for early in<br />
1896, whose editor will be Mr. William Clarke,<br />
M.A. Secondary and higher education will be<br />
the field of Cap and Gown, a new weekly journal.<br />
Mr. A. D. McCormick, whose spirited drawings<br />
were a feature of Sir W. M. Conway's book on<br />
his expedition to the Karakorum Himalayas, has<br />
himself written and illustrated a narrative of the<br />
journey, striking, of course, more a personal than<br />
a geographical note. Mr. Unwin will issue the<br />
book, which is to be called “An Artist in the<br />
Himalayas.”<br />
Many old book - plates, including that of<br />
Henrietta Louisa Jefferys, Countess of Pomfret,<br />
are to be reproduced in “Ladies' Book-Plates,”<br />
by Miss Norna Labouchere, the forthcoming<br />
volume in the Ex-Libris Series of Messrs. Bell<br />
and Sons. Two other works in this series will be<br />
“The Decorative Illustration of Books,” by<br />
Walter Crane, and “Decorative Heraldry,” by<br />
G. W. Eve.<br />
Among art volumes announced is one of draw-<br />
ings by the well-known American artist, Mr.<br />
Charles Dana Gibson, which Mr. Lane will<br />
publish. Mr. Paton will follow the subject of<br />
Mr. Wedmore's recent book, “Etching in<br />
England,” with a volume to be published by the<br />
De Montfort Press.<br />
Overshadowing all else in the rush of new books<br />
during November were the volumes of Matthew<br />
Arnold’s “Letters, 1848-1888 ° (Macmillan), and<br />
that of Stevenson’s “Wailima Letters” (Methuen).<br />
Much of the domestic kindliness of Arnold’s<br />
character is brought out ; apart, we glean his<br />
opinion of Thackeray as “not a great writer; ” of<br />
Carlyle, that Johnson stood “a great deal better;”<br />
and of Tennyson, that he was “deficient in intel-<br />
lectual power.” Stevenson's letters to his friend,<br />
Mr. Sidney Colvin, are charming and very self-<br />
revealing. Much of his life may perhaps be<br />
interpreted through these two of his sentences:<br />
“The world must return some day to the word<br />
duty, and be done with the word reward. There<br />
are no rewards, and plenty of duties.”<br />
A series of open-air books is a new departure<br />
which Mr. John Lane is making. It is called the<br />
Arcady Library, and the first volume, “Round<br />
About a Brighton Coach Office,” by Maude<br />
Egerton King, with title-page by Lucy K. Welch,<br />
is already due. “Life in Arcady,” by Mr. J. S.<br />
Fletcher, will be the second ; then “Scholar<br />
Gypsies,” by John Buchan.<br />
A German translation of Mrs. Edmonds'<br />
“History of a Church Mouse” has been pub-<br />
lished in Berlin. The translator is Fräulein<br />
Helene Lobedan.<br />
“The Romance of Rahere, and other Poems,”<br />
by E. Hardingham, and “Drifting through<br />
Dreamland,” by T. E. Ruston, are among the<br />
new volumes of Verse to be published by Mr.<br />
Eliot Stock.<br />
Miss Cholmondeley, whose health has never<br />
recovered from the severe strain put upon it in<br />
writing “Diana Tempest,” will shortly leave<br />
England for Madeira, where she is advised to pass<br />
the winter, and where it is confidently expected<br />
that she will regain complete health.<br />
“Diana Tempest” has reached its fifth edition<br />
in England and its tenth thousand in America.<br />
“A Cluster of Quiet Thoughts,” being a re-<br />
issue of the three series of aphoristic poems,<br />
cont ibuted by the Rev. Frederick Langbridge to<br />
the Sunday at Home, will be published shortly<br />
by the Religious Tract Society.<br />
Three new volumes of stories are announced<br />
for publication by Mr. Elliot Stock. “The Story<br />
of the Old Oak Tree, told by himself,” by Thorpe<br />
Fancourt ; “The Commandment with Promise,”<br />
by Hon. Gertrude Boscawen; and “Tales Told<br />
by the Fireside,” by a well-known living poet.<br />
“Joseph the Dreamer,” by Robert Bird, author<br />
of “Jesus the Carpenter of Nazareth,” has just<br />
been published by Messrs. Longmans, Green, and<br />
Co. It is a plain Bible story of the life of Joseph<br />
paraphrased in such a way that it will appeal<br />
without doubt to the children for whom it is<br />
intended.<br />
“England's Greatest Problem,” by the author<br />
of “A Colony of Mercy,” will be published by<br />
|Messrs. Bentley and Co., at the price of 58., in<br />
the course of next month.<br />
Mrs. Katharine S. Macquoid's new novel, “His<br />
Last Card,” will be published in a six-shilling<br />
volume, by Messrs. Ward and Downey, at the<br />
end of this month.<br />
•- = -s.<br />
LITERATURE IN THE PERIODICALS.<br />
AUTHOR, AGENT, AND PUBLISHER. T. Werner Laurie.<br />
Nineteenth Century for November. (See p. 162.)<br />
GUSTAVE FLAUBERT. Ernest Newman. Fortnightly<br />
Review for December.<br />
“EOTHEN '’ AND THE ATHENAEUM CLUB.<br />
Blackwood’s Magazine for December.<br />
OXFORD IN FACT AND FICTION.<br />
zine for December.<br />
OxFORD IN THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY. Macmillan's<br />
Magazine for December.<br />
THE HOMES OF THOMAS CARLYLE. II.<br />
Young Man for December.<br />
TOLSTOI : THE MAN AND HIS MESSAGE.<br />
Young Man for December.<br />
THOMAS CARLYLE. II. Mrs. J. Fyvie Mayo. Leisu, re<br />
Howr for December. -<br />
Lady Gregory.<br />
Blackwood's Maga-<br />
Marion Leslie.<br />
W. J. Dawson.<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#524) ################################################<br />
<br />
I 7o<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
LIVING CRITICS. II. : THEODORE WATTS. Frances<br />
Hindes Groome. Bookman for November.<br />
A BIT OF GEORGE ELIOT’s Country. John Foster<br />
Fraser. Bookman for November.<br />
HALL CAINE. R. H. Sherard. Windsor Magazine for<br />
November.<br />
|FAMOUs POETS. VII. : PERCY BYSSHE SHELLEY.<br />
Charlotte A. Price.<br />
CHARLES READE.<br />
December.<br />
NEW FIGURES IN LITERATURE AND ART. III. : HAMLIN<br />
GARLAND. Atlantic Monthty for December.<br />
THE PRACTICAL USEs OF POETRY. R. F. Horton, D.D.<br />
Swnday Magazine for December.<br />
PORTRAITS OF KEATS FROM THE LIFE.<br />
Nov. I6.<br />
THE CIVIL LIST PENSIONs. Saturday Review for Nov. 9.<br />
Belgravia for December.<br />
Elsie Rhodes. London Society for<br />
Athenaewm for<br />
A WORD ON THREE VOLUMEs. Miss Braddon. West-<br />
minster Gazette for Nov. 6.<br />
Do PUBLIC LIBRARIES SPREAD IDISEASE. Scrutator.<br />
Westminster Gazette for Nov. 27.<br />
HALL CAINE’s PLEA : THE CASE FOR THE BRITISH<br />
AUTHORs. Report of Banquet to Mr. Hall Caine by<br />
Toronto Publishers. Toronto Daily Mail and Empire for<br />
Oct. 26. (See p. 152.)<br />
MEMORIES OF STEVENSON : A Talk with Mr. Charles<br />
Baxter. Daily Chronicle for Nov. 20.<br />
“HILL-Top Now ELs” AND THE MORALITY OF ART.<br />
Spectator for Nov. 23.<br />
NOTABLE REVIEWS.<br />
Of Stevenson’s “Wailima. Letters.”<br />
for Nov. 2.<br />
Of Matthew Arnold's Letters, 1848-1888.<br />
Nov. 19.<br />
Of Mr. William Watson’s “The Father of the Forest<br />
and other Poems.” Spectator for Nov. 16.<br />
Of Mr. Meredith’s “The Amazing Marriage.”<br />
Courtney. Daily Telegraph for Nov. 22.<br />
Of Mr. Hardy’s “Jude the Obscure.”<br />
Nov. 23.<br />
A.T.Q.C. Speaker<br />
Times for<br />
W. L.<br />
Athenoew’m for<br />
$ $3. $ #<br />
The Spectator article adopts Mr. Grant Allen's<br />
term “Hill-Top” as a name for a class of fiction,<br />
and is surprised that nobody has had the presence<br />
of mind to point out that these books, with their<br />
perverse didacticism, are quite as great sinners<br />
against the non-moral standard of literature as<br />
the old-fashioned goody tale. It sees, however,<br />
that the new school, though it will not admit<br />
itself wrong, is putting itself in the wrong. The<br />
writer discusses pointedly Mr. Hardy and Mr.<br />
Allen. But the really interesting question, he<br />
says, is whether a novel can be a work of art and<br />
not have a sound moral at the heart of it. As to<br />
which our contemporary proceeds:<br />
Because the moral tale done to order has often succeeded<br />
in being dismally inartistic, the idea got abroad—even<br />
among religious people—that there is some deep-seated<br />
and ineradical hostility between the beauty and truth of<br />
art and the beauty and truth of morality; and that to hold<br />
and confess the opposite opinion is to announce oneself a<br />
fubsy Philistine. Whereas the truth of the matter really<br />
is that these inartistic moral tales are inartistic only<br />
because the writers of them lack some or all of the gifts<br />
that make an artist. It is possible to be very zealous for<br />
morality and yet have no imagination, no insight, and no<br />
style. This is a truth that no one is ashamed to utter.<br />
Why, then, should we be ashamed to say also that it is<br />
quite impossible to write a great poem or a great novel<br />
without a clear and true perception of the moral and<br />
spiritual laws of God, as manifested in the life of the world<br />
he has created P<br />
If the article on Tolstoi, by Mr. Dawson in the<br />
Young Man, were also to cross the reader's eye,<br />
he might wonder vaguely if the Russian novelist<br />
is pleasing in the sight of the Spectator critic. Mr.<br />
Dawson's definition of the true realist is “an<br />
artist who sees life steadily, and sees it whole,”<br />
whereas most of our so-called realists, he says, do<br />
pick and choose:—<br />
They choose the vile and abominable, and are as men<br />
whose one passion is to pick over a tray of diamonds in<br />
order to discover the one flawed stone. They have<br />
lost the sense of proportion, and see life out of perspective.<br />
But with Tolstoi this rarely or never happens. Being an<br />
absolutely sincere man, bent upon depicting life as it really<br />
is, he sees life in its true proportion. He does not hesitate<br />
to paint evil if it comes in his way, and he paints it with<br />
tragic force; but he is always sensible of the widespread<br />
goodness, sweetness, and sanity of general life.<br />
The Saturday Review on “Civil Pensions” is<br />
a protest against the lack of principle in the<br />
distribution of the fund. In her article on<br />
“Eothen * in Blackwood’s, Lady Gregory recalls<br />
the Athenaeum Club of “the days—or nights—of<br />
the round table, of which Hayward, Kinglake,<br />
Chenery, were the ruling spirits.”<br />
*-<br />
e- - -<br />
CORRESPONDENCE,<br />
I.—HISTORICAL FICTION.<br />
HERE are probably not many authors in<br />
this country who see the Quarterly<br />
Bulletin of the Boston Public Library,<br />
and it is on this account that I venture to<br />
draw the attention of your readers to the<br />
interesting chronological index to historical<br />
fiction which is being published in the columns<br />
of this journal. This index, which includes<br />
prose fiction, plays, and poems, catalogues in<br />
chronological order all fiction relating to different<br />
countries. So far we have been given indexes to<br />
the historical fiction of America, England, Scot-<br />
land, Ireland, France, Germany, Austria, Hungary,<br />
Bohemia, Switzerland, Netherlands, Scandinavia,<br />
Denmark, Iceland, Norway and Sweden.<br />
This index would doubtless prove valuable to<br />
British novelists, and those portions of it which<br />
relate to the British Isles might, if the editor per-<br />
mitted, be printed as a supplement to the Author.<br />
The publication of this index has suggested to<br />
me another which might be of general interest, viz.,<br />
an “Index of Geographical Fiction.” The com-<br />
piler of such a catalogue would take each country<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#525) ################################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR. I7 I<br />
separately, and would classify, under, appropriate<br />
divisions, those works of fiction which centre<br />
round some particular district, or which deal with<br />
life in certain countries. I should be glad to hear<br />
opinions as to the worth of such an index.<br />
While upon this subject, perhaps you will allow<br />
me to refer to another bibliographical subject—the<br />
need for some “Encyclopædia of Bibliography ’’<br />
which would give the most important books on all<br />
subjects, including perhaps a few of the longest<br />
magazine articles. I am aware that there have<br />
been published compilations dealing with “the<br />
best books,” &c., but these are but tentative<br />
attempts to deal with a vast subject. In<br />
Chambers’s “Encyclopædia " an attempt has been<br />
made in some cases to give a guide to the litera-<br />
ture of the subject, but this is very far from<br />
supplying the needs of the author, the librarian,<br />
the journalist, the professional man, and that<br />
mythical person—the general reader. With co-<br />
operation an “Encyclopædia of Bibliography ’’<br />
might be compiled, and a publisher found willing to<br />
undertake its publication. HERBERT C. FYFE.<br />
Albemarle-street, W., Nov. 9.<br />
II.-MY INITIALs.<br />
Is it allowable to use the Author as a medium<br />
for growling P. If so, I ask to be allowed to state<br />
my grievance.<br />
It was only a few days ago that I found out I<br />
had any grievance. My eyes were opened by<br />
reading an article in the Nineteenth Century by<br />
Mr. T. Werner Laurie, in which it is stated with<br />
regard to the foundation of the Society of<br />
Authors, that : “The idea of being able for a<br />
Small sum per annum to put a few initials after<br />
their names, and obtain a sort of license to call<br />
themselves authors, tickled many hundreds of<br />
amateurs.”<br />
I ask then, Where are my initials? Of<br />
course everybody likes to have initials and to use<br />
them. Mr. Yawkins, the banker in “Little<br />
Pedlington,” who could write after his name<br />
P.U.K.S., P.Z., and A.L.S.F.O., has always<br />
seemed to me much to be envied. Now Mr.<br />
Laurie would never have made the above state-<br />
ment unless he had certainly known of cases<br />
where letters signifying membership of the<br />
Society of Authors were used. This consideration<br />
makes it but too probable that there is some inner<br />
clique, connected with the management of the<br />
Society, who revel in secret in alphabetical<br />
ornaments.<br />
This ought not to be. What is fair for some is<br />
fair for all. Let obscure members have their<br />
privileges. What are they to put after their<br />
names P Should it be the English full-length<br />
M.I.S.O.A., or more briefly, the initials of the<br />
Latin title, Auctorum Societatis Socius.<br />
Anxiously awaiting a reply.<br />
ILLITERATUS.<br />
III.—AUTHORS AND EDITORs.<br />
An author is in the habit of receiving from<br />
various editors a payment at the rate of, let us<br />
say, 30s. a thousand words. From a second-rate<br />
paper he receives a request to write an article at<br />
a very much lower rate, say about half. Is he<br />
acting fairly by the editors who pay him the<br />
higher scale if he does work for another editor at<br />
a very much lower rate P Is it not very much<br />
like a man who sells brooms, offering one broom<br />
to Jones for 6d. and another broom of the same<br />
character to Brown for 3; d.?<br />
Or may we say that the custom of being paid<br />
various rates so largely prevails in journalism<br />
that the author would be justified in charging<br />
the different fees for his work to different editors?<br />
I should very much like to have your editorial<br />
opinion upon this point, and perhaps some of<br />
the readers of the Author would also favour us<br />
with their views on the subject. X. X. X.<br />
IV.-Co-operaTION.<br />
Might it not be advisable to invite propositions<br />
from your readers with a view to co-operation<br />
and mutual protection. Someone must commence<br />
this, and, however impracticable they may be, I<br />
beg to offer some of my own ideas upon the<br />
subject, leaving you to publish them or not as<br />
you see fit :<br />
I. That a central depôt or storehouse should<br />
be created for the purpose of keeping and dis-<br />
tributing literary work entrusted to it, its<br />
methods and appliances being similar to those<br />
common to all publishers. The manner of<br />
raising the capital necessary is detailed later on.<br />
2. That the manager of the same should be<br />
appointed by the directors for the time being,<br />
who would exercise a general control, and would<br />
pass the periodical balance-sheets, subject to<br />
proper audit.<br />
3. That a certain proportion of the directors<br />
should be elected by the subscribers of capital in<br />
the first instance, and, subsequently—that is to<br />
say, after repayment of the capital—that the<br />
whole body should be chosen by the literary<br />
clients of the said depôt.<br />
4. That the profits of the said depôt should<br />
arise from (a) the sale of publications to the<br />
trade, (b) the rent of space occupied by the<br />
clients storing publications; less (a) expenses of<br />
management, &c., (b) the price paid to authors<br />
for publications sold, (c) the expense of issuing a<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. (#526) ################################################<br />
<br />
172<br />
THE<br />
A UTHOR.<br />
proper trade circular, (d) interest on capital until<br />
paid off. g<br />
5. That the profits on publications sold should<br />
consist of the difference between a fixed propor-<br />
tion of the price of publication payable to the<br />
author, and a higher fixed proportion to be<br />
claimed from the bookseller, the said fixed pro-<br />
portions being common to all the publications<br />
placed in the hands of the depôt.<br />
6. That as books are sometimes sold singly at<br />
somewhat higher rates than when a quantity are<br />
aken, and as the depôt, when applied to directly,<br />
would be compelled to demand the full price<br />
from private customers, such a profit be called<br />
ea traneous, and after payment of interest on<br />
capital and management expenses, be divided pro<br />
ratd amongst those whose books had been sold<br />
during the period in question. Authors would<br />
thus receive their proper share of an amount<br />
which no publisher now accounts for. In the<br />
first instance this extraneous profit might be<br />
used to pay off the capital.<br />
7. That if, after repayment of the capital and<br />
division of extraneous profits, as above, a<br />
system of book-keeping be adopted whereby a<br />
further profit is apparent, that this profit be<br />
used for repayment of rent for space occupied.<br />
If the necessary system of book-keeping were<br />
found to be too complicated this rule need not be<br />
insisted on.<br />
8. That if, after repayment of rents, there is<br />
still a remainder, that this shall be distributed<br />
pro ratá to the authors whose books have been<br />
sold during the term in question, or shall be<br />
carried forward or otherwise used at the discre-<br />
tion of the directors. This would account for<br />
the whole of the proceeds, all of which would go<br />
to the benefit of the authors, but would be sub-<br />
ject to the same proviso as paragraph 7.<br />
9. That every author be debited for the cost<br />
of advertisements inserted at his request, but not<br />
for notices in circulars issued by the depôt. That<br />
he also be charged for the actual expenses<br />
incurred in the distribution of gratis copies to<br />
the Press, &c., and for shipping expenses to<br />
foreign countries.<br />
Io. That the capital should be raised by<br />
subscription amongst those willing to use the<br />
depôt, and should in no case bear more than 5<br />
per cent. interest.<br />
11. That the capital should be repaid to the<br />
subscribers as soon as possible. The security<br />
offered to the finders of capital would lie in the<br />
list of names promising work to the company.<br />
12. That after repayment of the capital, the<br />
whole profit should be divided amongst the<br />
clients.<br />
13. That if more capital were afterwards<br />
required to work the business, such capital should<br />
be raised by fresh subscriptions, also repayable at<br />
the earliest opportunity. Such capital could<br />
easily be found, as it would constitute a first<br />
charge on a going concern.<br />
14. That as the business would, if wound up<br />
after the repayment of its capital, still possess the<br />
amount of its original capital intact, the said<br />
amount should, after liquidation, be invested as a<br />
fund for the benefit of destitute authors, or should<br />
be otherwise disposed of as the directors or clients<br />
thought fit, or as might be beforehand determined<br />
upon.<br />
I5. That some of our most successful and best<br />
known authors be urged to encourage the formation<br />
of such a co-operative company by entrusting it<br />
with distribution of some of their work, and,<br />
when possible, by providing a portion of the<br />
capital.<br />
I6. That an experienced manager be secured at<br />
a fair and proper remuneration, who would be<br />
liable to instant dismissal were he shown to<br />
have appropriated printers' discounts to his own<br />
use, or to have acted in any other way than as a<br />
bona fide agent.<br />
By the above scheme it appears to me that all<br />
fhe profits must go to the authors, who are<br />
themselves able to regulate the price to be paid<br />
to them for copies, and the price at which copies<br />
are to be sold to the trade. It would not prevent<br />
private agreements with publishers, but would<br />
give every author a free hand in dictating the<br />
terms of such agreements.<br />
The expenses of the depôt can be approximately<br />
determined beforehand, also the amount of capital<br />
required. Except rent and expenses of manage-<br />
ment no risks are run by the depôt, which would<br />
act merely as an agent. The subscribers of<br />
capital would be prevented from subsequently<br />
turning the company into a mere money-making<br />
machine. If advisable, the depôt might act as<br />
the intermediary between the author and printer,<br />
charging a fixed percentage for its services. If<br />
not thought advisable, the depôt might supply<br />
authors with a printed form giving details as to<br />
cost of production. Information on this subject<br />
might be gleaned from the pages of the Author.<br />
Where authors wished for independent opinion<br />
before undertaking the risk of publication, the<br />
depôt or the Society of Authors might recom-<br />
mend a reader to them for this purpose.<br />
The Society of Authors provides the required<br />
nucleus for some such scheme as the above, and,<br />
should its readers formulate something practical,<br />
could easily constitute a competent committee to<br />
thresh out the preliminary details.<br />
In the event of this being done, I beg to sign<br />
myself A FUTURE SUBSCRIBER. | https://historysoa.com/files/original/5/284/1895-12-02-The-Author-6-7.pdf | publications, The Author |