| 324 | https://historysoa.com/items/show/324 | The Author, Vol. 09 Issue 08 (January 1899) | <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=%3Cem%3EThe+Author%3C%2Fem%3E%2C+Vol.+09+Issue+08+%28January+1899%29"><em>The Author</em>, Vol. 09 Issue 08 (January 1899)</a> | | | <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101063829988" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101063829988</a> | | | | | | | | <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Publication">Publication</a> | 1899-01-02-The-Author-9-8 | | | | | 173–196 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=89&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=9">9</a> | | | | | | | | | | | <a href="/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=76&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=1899-01-02">1899-01-02</a> | | | | | | | 8 | | | 18990102 | XT b e Hutbor,<br />
(The Organ of the Incorporated Society of Authors. Monthly.)<br />
CONDUCTED BY WALTER BESANT.<br />
Vol. IX.—No. 8.] JANUARY 2, 1899. [Price Sixpence.<br />
For the Opinions expressed in papers that are<br />
signed or initialled the Authors alone are<br />
responsible. None of the papers or para-<br />
graphs must be taken as expressing the<br />
collective opinions of the Committee unless<br />
they are officially signed by G. Herbert<br />
Thring, Sec.<br />
THE Secretary of the Society begs to give notice that all<br />
remittances are acknowledged by return of post, and<br />
requests that all members not receiving an answer to<br />
important communications within two days will write to him<br />
without delay. All remittances should be crossed Union<br />
Bank of London, Chancery-lane, or be sent by registered<br />
letter only.<br />
Communications and letters are invited by the Editor on<br />
all subjects connected with literature, but on no other sub-<br />
jects whatever. Articles which cannot be accepted are<br />
returned if stamps for the purpose accompany the MSS.<br />
GENERAL MEMORANDA.<br />
FOE some years it has been the practice to insert, in<br />
every number of The Author, certain " General Con-<br />
siderations," Warnings, Notices, &c, for the guidance<br />
of the reader. It has been objected as regards these<br />
warnings that the tricks or frauds against which they are<br />
directed cannot all be guarded against, for obvious reasons.<br />
It is, however, well that they should be borne in mind, and<br />
if any publisher refuses a clause of precaution he simply<br />
reveals his true character, and should be left to carry on<br />
his business in his own way.<br />
Let us, however, draw up a few of the rules to be<br />
observed in an agreement. There are three methods of<br />
dealing with literary property:—<br />
I. That of selling it outright.<br />
This is in some respects the most satisfactory, if a proper<br />
price can be obtained. But the transaction should be<br />
managed by a competent agent.<br />
II. A profit-sharing agreement.<br />
In this case the following rules should be attended to:<br />
(1.) Not to sign any agreement in which the cost of pro-<br />
duction forms a part.<br />
(2.) Not to give the publisher the power of putting the<br />
profits into his own pocket by charging for advertisements<br />
VOL. IX.<br />
in his own organs: or by charging exchange advertise-<br />
ments.<br />
(3.) Not to allow a special charge for " office expenses,"<br />
unless the same allowance is made to the author.<br />
(4.) Not to give up American, Colonial, or Continental<br />
rights.<br />
(5.) Not to give up serial or translation rights.<br />
(6.) Not to bind yourself for future work to any publisher.<br />
As well bind yourself for the future to any one solicitor or<br />
doctor!<br />
(7.) To stamp the agreement.<br />
III. The royalty system.<br />
In this system, which has opened the door to a most<br />
amazing amount of overreaching and trading on the<br />
author's ignorance, it is above all things necessary to know<br />
what the proposed royalty means to both sides. It is now<br />
possible for an author to ascertain approximately and very<br />
nearly the truth. From time to time the very important<br />
figures connected with royalties are published in The Author.<br />
Readers can also work ont the figures themselves from the<br />
"Cost of Production." Let no one, not even the youngest<br />
writer, sign a royalty agreement without finding out what<br />
it gives the publisher as well as himself.<br />
It has been objected that these precautions presuppose a<br />
great success for the book, and that very few books indeed<br />
attain to this great success. That is quite true: but there is<br />
always this uncertainty of literary property that, although<br />
the works of a great many authors carry with them no risk<br />
at all, and although of a great many it is known within a few<br />
copies what will be their minimum circulation, it is not<br />
known what will be their maximum. Therefore every<br />
author, for every book, should arrange on the chance of a<br />
success which will not, probably, come at all; but which<br />
may come.<br />
The four points which the Society has always demanded<br />
from the outset are:—<br />
(1.) That both sides shall know what an agreement<br />
means.<br />
(2.) The inspection of those account books which belong<br />
to the author. We are advised that this is a right, in the<br />
nature of a common law right, which cannot be denied or<br />
withheld.<br />
(3.) That there shall be no secret profits.<br />
(4.) That nothing shall be charged which has not been<br />
actually paid—for instance, that there shall be no charge for<br />
advertisements in the publisher's own organs and none for<br />
exchanged advertisements, and that all disoounts shall be<br />
duly entered.<br />
If these points are carefully looked after, the author may<br />
rest pretty well assured that he is in right hands. At the<br />
same time he will do well to send his agreement to the<br />
secretary before he signs it.<br />
T 2<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 174 (#186) ############################################<br />
<br />
i74 THE AUTHOR.<br />
HOW TO USE THE SOCIETY.<br />
I. in VERY member has a right to ask for and to receive<br />
ITi advice upon his agreements, his choice of a pub-<br />
lisher, or any dispute arising in the conduct of his<br />
business or the administration of his property. If the advioe<br />
sought is such as can be given best by a solicitor, the member<br />
has a right to an opinion from the Society's solicitors. If the<br />
case is such that Counsel's opinion is desirable, the Com-<br />
mittee will obtain for him Counsel's opinion. All this<br />
without any cost to the member.<br />
2. Remember that questions connected with copyright<br />
and publisher's agreements do not generally fall within the<br />
experience of ordinary solicitors. Therefore, do not scruple<br />
to use the Society first—our solicitors are continually<br />
engaged upon such questions for us.<br />
3. Send to the office copies of past agreements and past<br />
accounts with the loan of the books represented. This is in<br />
order to ascertain what has been the nature of your agree-<br />
ments, and the results to author and publisher respectively<br />
so far. The Secretary will always be glad to have any<br />
agreements, new or old, for inspection and note. The infor-<br />
mation thus obtained may prove invaluable.<br />
4. If the examination of your previous business trans-<br />
actions by the Secretary proves unfavourable, you should<br />
take advioe as to a change of publishers.<br />
5. Before signing any agreement whatever, send the pro-<br />
posed document to the Society for examination.<br />
6. The Society is acquainted with the methods, and—in<br />
the case of fraudulent houses—the tricks of every publish-<br />
ing firm in the country.<br />
7. Remember always that in belonging to the Society you<br />
are fighting the battles of other writers, even if you are<br />
reaping no benefit to yourself, and that you are advancing<br />
the best interests of literature in promoting the indepen-<br />
dence of the writer.<br />
8. Send to the Editor of The Author notes of every-<br />
thing important to literature that you may hear or meet<br />
with.<br />
9. The Committee have now arranged for the reception of<br />
members' agreements and their preservation in a fireproof<br />
safe. The agreements will, of course, be regarded as con-<br />
fidential documents to be read only by the Secretary, who<br />
will keep the key of the safe. The Society now offers:—(1)<br />
To read and advise upon agreements and publishers. (2) To<br />
stamp agreements in readiness for a possible action upon<br />
them. (3) To keep agreements. (4) To enforce payments<br />
due according to agreements.<br />
Communications for The Author should reach the Editor<br />
not later than the 21st of each month.<br />
All persons engaged in literary work of any kind,<br />
whether members of the Society or not, are invited to-<br />
communicate to the Editor any points connected with their<br />
work which it would be advisable in the general interest to<br />
publish.<br />
Members and others who wish their MSS. read are<br />
requested not to send them to the Office without previously<br />
communicating with the Secretary. The utmost practicable<br />
despatch is aimed at, and MSS. are read in the order in<br />
which they are received. It must also be distinctly under-<br />
stood that the Society does not, under any circumstances,<br />
undertake the publication of MSS.<br />
The present location of the Authors' Club is at 3, White-<br />
hall-court, Charing Cross. Address the Secretary for<br />
information, rules of admission, Ac.<br />
Will members take the trouble to ascertain whether they<br />
have paid their subscriptions for the year? If they will do<br />
this, and remit the amount, if still unpaid, or a banker's<br />
order, it will greatly assist the Secretary, and save him the<br />
trouble of sending out a reminder<br />
Members are most earnestly entreated to attend to the<br />
following warning. It is a most foolish and may be a<br />
most disastrous thing to enter into an agreement binding<br />
for a term of years. Let them ask themselves if they<br />
would give a solicitor the collection of their rents for<br />
five years to oome, whatever his conduct, whether he<br />
was honest or dishonest? Of course they would not.<br />
Why then hesitate for a moment when they are asked to<br />
sign themselves into literary bondage for three or five<br />
years?<br />
"Those who possess the 'Cost of Production' are<br />
requested to note that the cost of binding has advanoed 15<br />
per cent." This clause was inserted three or four years ago.<br />
Estimates have, however, reoently been obtained which show<br />
that the figures in the book may be relied on as nearly<br />
oorreot: as near as is possible.<br />
Some remarks have been made upon the amount charged<br />
in the " Cost of Production" for advertising. Of course, we<br />
have not included any sums which may be charged for<br />
inserting advertisements in the publisher's own magazines,<br />
or in other magazines by exchange. As agreements too<br />
often go, there is nothing to prevent the publisher from<br />
sweeping the whole profits of a book into his own pocket,<br />
by inserting any number of advertisements in his own<br />
magazines, and by exchanging with others. Some there are<br />
who oall this a form of fraud; it is not known what those<br />
who practise this method of swelling their own profits call it.<br />
NOTICES.<br />
THE Editor of The Author begs to remind members of the<br />
Society that, although the paper is sent to them free<br />
of charge, the cost of producing it would be a very<br />
heavy charge on the resources of the Society if a great<br />
many members did not forward to the Secretary the modest<br />
6s. 6d. subscription for the year.<br />
The Editor is always glad to receive short papers and<br />
communications on all subjects connected with literature<br />
from members and others. Nothing can do more good to<br />
the Society than to make The Author complete, attractive,<br />
and interesting. Will those who are willing to aid in this<br />
work send their names and the special subjects on which<br />
thoy are willing to write?<br />
LITERARY PROPERTY.<br />
1.—Canadian Copyright.<br />
ALONG article appears in the Pall Mall<br />
Gazette of Dec. 26 on Canadian Copy-<br />
right. It is therein stated that Mr.<br />
FitzPatrick, the Solicitor General, will bring in<br />
a Bill during the next Session. We have good<br />
reason to believe that this will not be the case.<br />
Canadian Copyright has been in the air for some<br />
time, and no doubt the Canadians will, sooner or<br />
later, make a fresh endeavour to obtain Copy-<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 175 (#187) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
i75<br />
right legislation. We have good reason to think<br />
that this endeavour will not be made next<br />
Session.<br />
II.—The Literary Agent and the Society.<br />
An old member of the Society writes to the<br />
Secretary to the effect that her business is now<br />
.conducted for her by a literary agent, and that<br />
she resigns membership. She supposes, in a<br />
word, that the literary agent can do for her what<br />
the Society undertakes to do: and she supposes<br />
that the Society exists for each member individu-<br />
ally. These two suppositions are both wrong and<br />
mischievous.<br />
(1.) The literary agent can place her books and<br />
get an agreement more or less satisfactory. His<br />
powers may be measured by the popularity of the<br />
author, which is as it should be. But in the<br />
case of a dispute with publisher or editor, where<br />
is the literary agent? He can only advise going<br />
to a solicitor. The Society supplies a solicitor.<br />
The literary agent, again, can only lay the agree-<br />
ment before an author: it is the Society who<br />
teaches him what the agreement means for both<br />
sides—an inestimable service to literary property.<br />
(2.) But the Society, though it is ready to work<br />
for each member individually, works for the<br />
whole profession of literature. The subscriptions<br />
of the more powerful members pay for the law<br />
expenses incurred in the defence of the weaker.<br />
In this way a feeling of brotherhood, the sense of<br />
a common profession with common aims, is for<br />
the first time growing up among those who create<br />
literary property. This most invaluable result of<br />
common action demands absolutely the adhesion<br />
of every man and every woman of letters to the<br />
Society. It may be that all the members do not<br />
agree with every act of the Committee. But they<br />
must agree in the main object—the maintenance<br />
and defence of literary property, not only for the<br />
individual but for the whole profession. There<br />
have been cases in which members have resigned<br />
simply because they did not approve of some small<br />
vote or resolution. They were unable to under-<br />
stand that behind that insignificant vote lay the<br />
grand object of the Society, namely, to repeat,<br />
"the maintenance and defence of literary property,<br />
not only for the individual but for the whole pro-<br />
fession."<br />
Again, suppose a case of disagreement between<br />
author and literary agent—I think nothing more<br />
likely when I look round and see the many new<br />
agents and the many duties which are laid upon<br />
them. In such a case the author is only protected<br />
by going to law at his own expense. If he were<br />
a member of the Society, the case would be con-<br />
ducted for him.<br />
I say nothing of the danger which is rapid ly<br />
rising before us, of committing to the agent the<br />
whole of the literary business unchecked. It is<br />
the old confidence game once played between<br />
author and publisher. We must never forget the<br />
lessons of the past. It is as dangerous to intrust<br />
blind confidence to an agent as to a publisher.<br />
W. B.<br />
III.—Translation and Reteanslation.<br />
Messrs. George Bell and Sons have raised a<br />
curious, and, as far as we know, a quite novel<br />
question of copyright in the Times. They pub-<br />
lish, it appears, four copyright works in English<br />
in England on the British Navy. A Captain<br />
Von Stenzel, who has been bringing: out in<br />
German and in Germany a treatise in many<br />
volumes dealing with the armies and navies of<br />
the European powers generally, has, in a volume<br />
dealing with the British navy, translated amongst<br />
other things portions of Messrs. Bell's copyright<br />
works. So far as this officer is concerned, Messrs.<br />
Bell have no complaint to make, having, we<br />
presume, sold or in some other legal manner<br />
parted with their translation rights. What they<br />
complain of is that an English translation, called<br />
the "British Navy," of the volume of Captain<br />
Von Stenzel's work which deals with the British<br />
navy has been recently made by Mr. A. Son-<br />
nenschein and published in London. The result-<br />
ing competition with Messrs. Bell's original<br />
works (it is not stated by what authors) is<br />
obvious. "The origin of the work is not revealed<br />
in the English edition, but, on the contrary,<br />
the translator in his preface seems rather to<br />
imply that the book was designed to supply a<br />
want existing in this country," but there is an<br />
acknowledgment of the use which has been made<br />
of the English books in a list given after the<br />
preface, where they are stated to have been con-<br />
sulted by author and translator.<br />
Two questions arise upon this statement: (1)<br />
Is what has been done in accordance with usual<br />
literary practice and ordinary literary courtesy;<br />
and (2) has there been an infringement of copy-<br />
right in the legal sense't To the first question<br />
we must answer, yes. Acknowledgment, of<br />
course, is no excuse for infringement of copy-<br />
right, as it is by far too often thought to be,<br />
but acknowledgment should clearly be made<br />
in a case like this. The answer to the second<br />
question is a little more difficult. The fact of the<br />
alleged infringement being the result of a retrans-<br />
lation, however, cannot affect it. The only question<br />
is whether the matter published by Mr. Sonnen.<br />
schein is materially and substantially the same as<br />
that published by Messrs. Bell. Absolutely the<br />
same the two productions cannot be. The mere<br />
rolling of many books into one would prevent that<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 176 (#188) ############################################<br />
<br />
176<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
IV.—A Copyright Case in India.<br />
An interesting case coming under the 18th<br />
section of the Copyright Act has just been<br />
tried in the High Courts in India, but<br />
unfortunately the main difficulty of that<br />
section was not in dispute, as it was<br />
acknowledged between the defendant and the<br />
plaintiff that the plaintiff had been employed<br />
under that section. The case was shortly as<br />
follows:<br />
The editor of the Madras Standard (the<br />
defendant) employed the plaintiff to write certain<br />
articles on the lives of representative men of<br />
Southern India for his paper. Such lives were<br />
written and produced in the paper, subject to<br />
certain editorial alterations, and it was acknow-<br />
ledged by both the plaintiff and defendant<br />
that this employment came under the 18th<br />
section of the Act, and that the copyright lay<br />
with the defendant, subject to the terms of that<br />
section. The matter thus used in the paper was<br />
then reproduced in book form, together with<br />
other lives written by the defendant in a book<br />
called "The Representative Men of Southern<br />
India," and subsequently in another book of<br />
Representative Indians ' published in England.<br />
The plaintiff's action was brought because the<br />
defendant had infringed the plaintiff's rights<br />
under the proviso in the section referred to,<br />
which runs as follows:<br />
Provided always that during the term of twenty-eight<br />
years the said proprietor, projector, publisher, or condaotor<br />
shall not publish any such essay, article, or portion<br />
separately or singly without the consent previously<br />
obtained of the author thereof or his assigns.<br />
The point the judge had to decide was whether<br />
such consent had been given directly or impliedly.<br />
There was scanty evidence on this point, and it<br />
appeared a difficult question for decision. Finally,<br />
however, the judge, after a very careful summing-<br />
up of the whole facts of the case, gave a verdict<br />
for the plaintiff. The final words of his summing-<br />
up were as follows:<br />
No doubt his (the plaintiff's) feelings may have been hurt,<br />
particularly by the announcement that the defendant is the<br />
author of all the lives therein published, but in pocket it<br />
cannot be said that he suffered substantially by the publica-<br />
tion of that book.<br />
The plaintiff was awarded 200 rupees. The<br />
judge's decision seems to be a thoroughly fair<br />
one, as the plaintiff was unable in any case to<br />
utilise his own work for twenty-eight years, and<br />
thus could not have been damaged pecuniarily to<br />
any extent.<br />
This is a short epitome of the case. It is an<br />
interesting case, but iinfortunately does not bear<br />
directly on the great difficulty of the section<br />
under which the judgment is given.<br />
V.—"A Curious Question."<br />
I think Sir Walter Besant's solution is nearer<br />
the point than that of Mr. Thring, but neither is<br />
to my mind correct. In such contracts as I have<br />
signed I have granted a licence "to print, bind,<br />
advertise, and sell." This is what most contracts<br />
mean but very few specify. No contract is in-<br />
tended to mean that a publisher has a right to<br />
traffic in an author's works. The publisher has<br />
no right to buy or re-acquire or re-sell an author's<br />
works, and I contend that licence to sell means to<br />
sell once and once only and to only one. If this<br />
were not so, there would be nothing to prevent a<br />
publisher re-acquiring copies of a book which he<br />
had "remaindered" at a few pence, a fraction only<br />
of which he paid to the author, and then re-selling<br />
it for several shillings and paying the author no<br />
royalty.<br />
If my view is held to be correct, "A Curious<br />
Question" is as badly put as the answers. A<br />
publisher agrees to pay an author 10, 15, 20, or<br />
25 per cent. on the nominal selling price of every<br />
copy, and it matters not a jot whether the copies<br />
sold come direct to him from the printers and<br />
binders or have passed back into his hands<br />
through a bookseller. The author is entitled to<br />
receive his full royalty, less the amount paid on<br />
the copies when treated as remainder—assum-<br />
ing, of course, that the author has not given the<br />
publisher power to re-acquire.<br />
Martin J. Pritchard.<br />
VI.—The Charge for Corrections.<br />
The question of corrections has been from time<br />
to time referred to in The Author, but it seems<br />
necessary to refer to it again, as the matter is<br />
one of great importance to all authors, and is one<br />
of those items which are exceedingly difficult to<br />
check in a publisher's accounts. The author<br />
should be careful in correcting his proofs to note<br />
what are printers' errors and what are his own<br />
corrections, and he should, when possible, keep<br />
duplicate proofs with all his corrections, so as to<br />
be able at a subsequent date to refute any charge<br />
which might appear extortionate. In making his<br />
own corrections the author should be careful<br />
where he deletes one word or phrase to put in a<br />
word or phrase corresponding in length, as to run<br />
over from page to page is often a very heavy and<br />
expensive matter.<br />
The reason for these hints is the fact that in<br />
agreements a clause somewhat on the following<br />
lines is generally inserted:<br />
The cost of correction of other than the printers' errors<br />
in the proofs of the said work exceeding shillings<br />
per sheet of sixteen pages is to be borne by the said<br />
author.<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 177 (#189) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
'77<br />
It is quite fair that the publishers should be<br />
protected from expensive and troublesome authors'<br />
corrections, as cases have been known in which<br />
authors have altered proofs and made corrections<br />
to such an extent as absolutely to prevent any<br />
profit accruing from the sale of the work, but this<br />
is an exception. The practical working-out of<br />
this clause is difficult. The amount generally<br />
allowed to the author per sheet of sixteen pages<br />
is ten shillings. Under no circumstances should<br />
an author allow .the amount to be reduced as low<br />
as five shillings, unless he feels quite certain that<br />
his MS. needs no correction and is typewritten.<br />
After the book is produced an account is some-<br />
times forwarded to the author charging, say, .£10<br />
for corrections. If the book is twenty sheets,<br />
that would mean that the whole cost of cor-<br />
rections, supposing the author was allowed<br />
ten shillings, would be £20. Corrections are<br />
generally reckoned by the time of the man<br />
employed, at the rate of one shilling per<br />
hour. As a matter of fact the printers<br />
do not pay is. per hour to their employes, so that<br />
there is always a margin of profit; but, supposing<br />
is. per hour is the actual payment, then it would<br />
mean that the corrections in the book amounted<br />
to the work of one man for 400 hours, or the work<br />
of one man for forty days at the rate of ten hours<br />
per day. That would be merely reckoning authors'<br />
corrections, as you will see the clause (which is<br />
the usual one) does not charge for printers'<br />
errors. If the authors' corrections amount to this<br />
heavy item, it is possible that the printers' errors<br />
also amount to a fair sum, in which case you<br />
would have to add so many more days' work on<br />
to your compositors' labour. It is very important<br />
to keep in mind that daily papers have to be<br />
corrected with great rapidity, in order to get<br />
them before the public in time. Compare, then,<br />
the time expended in the corrections of a book,<br />
as shown above, with the time which must be<br />
necessarily expended in the correction of a daily<br />
paper. It is almost impossible to place any con-<br />
nection between the size of an alteration and the<br />
time it takes, as sometimes the insertion of a<br />
word will throw out the type for some pages. To<br />
be able to put a firm check on the corrections the<br />
author should certainly note the difference<br />
between printers' errors and his own corrections,<br />
and ought to try to make his full corrections<br />
when the type is what is technically called in<br />
"slip form," before it is made up into pages.<br />
G. H. T.<br />
VII.—An American Literary Agency.<br />
The agency undertakes (1) to read MSS. and<br />
to advise on their defects, (2) to give them<br />
"grammatical and rhetorical" revision, (3) to<br />
advise as to their disposal, and (4) to make type-<br />
written copies.<br />
The charge for these services are:—(1) For read-<br />
ing MSS., 50 cents for the first 2000 words and<br />
25 cents for every additional thousand words. (2)<br />
For a letter of general advice, 50 cents, or 2.1., in<br />
addition to the fee for reading. (3) For cor-<br />
rection and revision, a dollar an hour, in addition<br />
to the reading fee. (4) For typewriting, 60<br />
cents a thousand words; if two copies are taken<br />
80 cents a thousand words, i.e., 3*. 3rf. a thousand<br />
words, which is more than double the usual type-<br />
writing charge with us. (5) For reading a MS. of<br />
more than 40,000 words, and less than 100,000, and<br />
for giving a list of publishers and a general letter<br />
of advice, the fee is 10 dollars, or £2.<br />
If the Bureau sells a MS. for an author it<br />
takes a commission of 25 per cent. instead of<br />
the 10 per cent. which contents our agents. On<br />
the whole, it seems as if the Bureau expected<br />
to deal with short papers, and with candidates<br />
whose work was hopeless. There is an enormous<br />
number of such unfortunates in America as well<br />
as here.<br />
VIII.—By the Agreement.<br />
Especial attention is desired to the following<br />
case. The author does not wish her name to<br />
be mentioned, so that one must also suppress<br />
the name of the worthy publisher.<br />
A lady was anxious to produce a book—the one<br />
book she would ever write. She took her MS. to<br />
A. B., who, without giving her a formal agree-<br />
ment, offered by letter to publish the book for<br />
her on commission. The following are alleged<br />
to have been the terms:<br />
(1) The author was not to pay more than .£30.<br />
(2) The publisher was to print and bind an<br />
edition of 500 copies.<br />
(3) He was to advertise to the extent of .£15,<br />
but no more.<br />
(4) The book was to be sold at 6s.<br />
(5) He was to account to the author for sales<br />
at 3*. each.<br />
(6) He was next to take 10 per cent. on the<br />
sales.<br />
[Observe that a small edition of 500 only, even<br />
if all the available copies, 450, are sold at<br />
an average of 3*. 6d. each, only produces<br />
the sum of .£78 15s., out of which would<br />
come the publisher's commission, so that<br />
a large sum for advertising is out of the<br />
question. That of .£15 represents over<br />
jd. a copy.]<br />
The lady was perfectly ignorant about publish-<br />
ing. Nor did she seek advice. What the man<br />
proposed to do was to sell the book at 3*. 6d. or<br />
3s. jd. and call it 3*. That gave him 14 ?- per cent.<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 178 (#190) ############################################<br />
<br />
178<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
on the sales to begin with. He was then to take<br />
10 per cent. on the sum thus curtailed. This<br />
meant 8-*- per cent. on the actual sales, in all, 22f<br />
per cent. And this he called a commission busi-<br />
ness at 10 per cent.!<br />
This, however, was not all. When the account<br />
came in it was found that he had printed 750<br />
copies instead of 500, and that he had spent,<br />
according to his own showing, £45 in advertising.<br />
Now this was against the agreement in the first<br />
place, and for a publisher 10 expend so large a<br />
sum on so small a book argued cither ignorance of<br />
his trade, or else—whatever you please. For .£45<br />
on the book meant actually is. ggd. on every<br />
single copy, landing the book in certain loss.<br />
His bill ran as follows:<br />
500 copies:<br />
Cost of composition, printing,<br />
^640<br />
7<br />
O<br />
5<br />
3<br />
0<br />
«5<br />
0<br />
0<br />
To tbis he added 10 per cent.,<br />
60<br />
10<br />
O<br />
I know not by what right ..<br />
6<br />
1<br />
8<br />
To 250 copies:<br />
66<br />
11<br />
8<br />
4<br />
13<br />
4<br />
Sales, 376<br />
30<br />
9<br />
8<br />
Free, 77<br />
453<br />
56<br />
8<br />
0<br />
5<br />
2<br />
y<br />
£101 14 8<br />
Having, therefore, added 10 per cent. to the<br />
cost of production, and taken the same from the<br />
sales, and having broken the agreement by<br />
printing other 250 copies and charging £45 for<br />
advertising, he thus brought in a lots of .£50<br />
odd.<br />
At this juncture the lady took advice, and there<br />
was a correspondence in which it became manifest-<br />
that the advertising had been in great part the<br />
filling up of columns secured in advance. But<br />
of course he had no right to charge a farthing<br />
more than the £'15 agreed upon.<br />
However, he sent in a second account. The<br />
item of advertising now appears as .£42 144-. 3^/.,<br />
instead of .£15, and the cost of machining<br />
and paper for the extra 250 copies is still<br />
entered.<br />
But on the other side he cancels ..£23 S.1. gd.,<br />
which still leaves .£4 odd more than he is<br />
entitled to. And instead of 10 per cent, added<br />
to the cost of production he puts in £8 16*. 5<7.<br />
for " indirect expenses," which mean, I suppose,<br />
taking a 'bus home in the evening.<br />
A man may argue that he must make money<br />
out of a book in order to live. The answer to<br />
that is, to make it above board: not by persuad-<br />
ing an ignorant woman that the trade price of a<br />
6*. book is 3*. : nor by adding "indirect expenses."<br />
Let him say flatly "I must have so much out<br />
of the book or I cannot undeilake it. If I<br />
am to sell it on commission, guarantee so much."<br />
Of cour.-e if the man says this candidly and<br />
openly, but then proceeds in the way indicated<br />
above, then we are no farther forward.<br />
My correspondent in sending me these accounts<br />
calls attention to them as coming from "a pub-<br />
lisher who is a gentleman." Yes, the wordnow-<br />
a-days may cover a very large proportion of male<br />
humanity. Indeed, there are indications that it<br />
covers the whole. Quite a " gentleman."<br />
IX.—A Pending Copyright Action.<br />
In the Chancer; Division yesterday Mr. Justice Stirling<br />
had before him the case of Boosey v. White, brought before<br />
the judge by Mr. Butcher, Q C. Mr. Butcher said that the<br />
point raised in the case was a novel and interesting one.<br />
The plaintiff had certain songs, the copyright of which was<br />
vested in bim. The defendant, it was alleged, had been<br />
using and copying the songs by means of perforated sheets<br />
of cardboard, which correctly reprodnoed the music, and all<br />
people had to do «as to turn the handle of the organ in<br />
which the sheets were placed. That process, he suggested,<br />
amounted to an infringement of the Copyright Laws. There<br />
was a good deal of evidence to prepare, and as Mr. Monlton,<br />
Q.C., who represented the defendant, was willing to treat<br />
the motion as the trial of the action he would consent to the<br />
motion standing over for the present. The motion accord-<br />
ingly stood over until a future day.<br />
The above cutting has been taken from the<br />
Daily Graphic of Dec. 17, 1898. Those who<br />
are interested in copyright will look forward to<br />
the settlement of the action when it comes before<br />
the courts.<br />
PARIS NOTES.<br />
HENCEFORWAED Normandy can boast<br />
a national litterateur! M. Jean Revel,<br />
whose name is well known in the<br />
Parisian world of letters, has just produced an<br />
exquisite little volume of Norman tales, entitled<br />
"Rustres," several of which are entirely written<br />
in the Bas-Normaiid patois. On perusing this<br />
work (published by Fasquelle, ed. Bibliotheque-<br />
Charpentier) one feels that the author himself is<br />
truly a son of the people he describes so faith-<br />
fully and tenderly, and the most trivial details of<br />
local traditions and characteristics it affords arc<br />
rendered interesting by the artistic talent of the<br />
writer.<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 179 (#191) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
'79<br />
M. Gustave Revel's proposal to establish a<br />
Chair of Dramatic Literature at the Sorbonne is<br />
by no means relished by the majority of his<br />
countrymen, who—while strenuously objecting to<br />
the 10,000 francs thus added to their annual<br />
taxes—maintain, with reason, that this depart-<br />
ment is already well represented in the literary<br />
curriculum of their great national institution.<br />
We subjoin the names of the professors especially<br />
qualified to lecture on dramatic literature and<br />
the subjects they will this year undertake, in<br />
order that our readers may judge for themselves.<br />
They are as follows:—<br />
M. Emile Deschanel, who will instruct his<br />
hearers on French dramatic literature, as illus-<br />
trated by Corneille, Racine, and Victor Hugo;<br />
M. Gaston Bossier, who undertakes the Latin<br />
dramatic literature, as exemplified by Plautus<br />
and Terence; M. Maurice Croiset, who will<br />
lecture weekly on "L'Histoire de la Tragedie<br />
Grecque"; M. Louis Leger, who is responsible<br />
for the Slavic tongues and literature; M. Barbier<br />
de Meynard, who is a proficient savant in all<br />
matters pertaining to the Arabic theatre; MM.<br />
Edouard Chavannes and Maurice Courant,<br />
than whom no better authorities on the Chinese<br />
theatre exist; M. Morel Fatio, who initiates<br />
his audience weekly into the mysteries of the<br />
"Theatre de Tirso de Molina "; M. Gazier, who<br />
analyses "Moliere" each Wednesday, while M.<br />
Beljaine pefonns the same friendly office for<br />
"Shakespeare" on the Thursday; M. Larroumet,<br />
who conscientiously expounds on Fridays " L'His-<br />
toire de la Tragedie Fran9aise dans le Theatre de<br />
Racine," and M. Gebhart, who undertakes the<br />
"Theatre Espagnol " every Monday. Apart from<br />
this, there are the lectures given at the Odeon,<br />
Bodiniere, and the Mathurius—where the play,<br />
or representation, follows the dissertation, like the<br />
jam after the pill. A Chair of Dramatic Litera-<br />
ture likewise exists at the Conservatoire; but yet<br />
—oh Heavens! M. Revel considers the rising<br />
French generation requires further dramatic<br />
instruction.<br />
The name of M. Alexandre Hepp heads the<br />
army of illustrious contributors to the newly-<br />
founded Revue des Rhumatisants. Among the<br />
list we remark the names of Francois Coppee,<br />
Jules Claretie, Marcel Prevot, Armand Silvestre,<br />
Aurclieu Scholl, Emile Bergerat, Leon Daudet,<br />
Le General du Barail, and a host of other witty,<br />
scientific, and political confreres, who all alike<br />
suffer from the same insidious complaint, and<br />
desire to ease their woes by confiding their suffer-<br />
ings and their pet remedies to a mirth-loving<br />
public.<br />
Another literary association—La Societe Pierre<br />
Dupout—has just been founded at Lyons, to pre-<br />
VOL. IX.<br />
serve and bring once more into vogue the works<br />
of the dead poet, Pierre Dupont. Despite his<br />
undoubted genius and popularity, this gifted<br />
singer of the people, this true child of Nature,<br />
lived and died a poor man. The pretty tale of<br />
his introduction to Victor Hugo is too well known<br />
to need repetition here; and the effort to replace<br />
the banal and often obscene ditties of the Parisian<br />
concert hall by the introduction of the melodious<br />
verse of Pierre Dupont is a step in the right<br />
direction.<br />
That indefatigable writer, M. Jules Verne, has<br />
now published his eightieth volume for the amuse-<br />
ment and instruction of youth. Some critics<br />
affirm that the " Superbe Orcnoque" is inferior to<br />
many of his preceding works; but, when an<br />
author has the linn intention to produce no fewer<br />
than a hundred volumes—when, above all, he has<br />
provided his generation for almost half a century<br />
with a healthy and pure literature in a country<br />
whore a healthy and pure literature is, unhappily,<br />
the exception rather than the rule—he can afford<br />
to snap his fingers at the critics, secure of the<br />
gratitude and support of a wide circle of readers.<br />
The popularity of M. Andre Laurie, who belongs<br />
to the same school in a modified degree, is also<br />
steadily increasing; and this is the more remark-<br />
able, since his tales d*-al chiefly with seminary life<br />
in foreign countries—a fact which should win him<br />
the good graces of the French Colonisation<br />
Society.<br />
M. Paul Bourget has quitted Paris to establish<br />
himself for the winter at Costebella, near Hyeres,<br />
the place where he last year wrote "La Duchesse<br />
Bleue," the great literary success of the season.<br />
His departure was delayed in order to enable him<br />
to take part in the recent Academic election, which<br />
bestowed on the spirituel Henri Lavedan the<br />
fauteuil vacated by the death of poor Henri<br />
Meilhac. M. Emile Zola figured, as usual, among<br />
the unsuccessful candidates. There is something<br />
impressive and heroic in his obstinate determina-<br />
tion to accept no defeat as final. He is the modern<br />
Prometheus eternally debarred from entering the<br />
erudite Olympus of his desires, which at the<br />
present moment boasts five novelists, five dramatic<br />
authors, seven historians, two critics, three poets,<br />
and two journalists among its list of illustrious<br />
members.<br />
The identity of one of the above-mentioned five<br />
novelists has become so completely merged in the<br />
personality of the hero of his popular romance,<br />
that his real name is absolutely forgotten by the<br />
general public. Thus, when M. Pierre Loti was<br />
this month elected to deliver the annual oration<br />
on the occasion of the presentation of the prix de<br />
vertu, his brother Academicians were rather at a<br />
loss how to announce the fact to the outside<br />
v<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 180 (#192) ############################################<br />
<br />
i8o<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
world. Should the real name of the orator be<br />
printed (according to time-honoured custom) they<br />
foresaw the invidious storm of criticism which<br />
would greet the supposed innovation before the<br />
matter could be satisfactorily explained; yet to<br />
deviate a hair's breadth from the ordinary-<br />
routine was beneath both the dignity and the<br />
altitude of the Immortals! The difficulty was<br />
finally solved by ingeniously addiug the latter<br />
half of the pseudonym to the original patronymic.<br />
Thus many of M. Pierre Loti's friends and<br />
admirers were greatly surprised to see him figure<br />
under the name of M. Loti-Viaud on the Academy<br />
bills; and still more so to find that the brilliant<br />
author's real name was Julien Viaud. Apropos<br />
of this subject, we may mention that M. Pierre<br />
Loti's latest work, "Judith Renaudin," which is<br />
now being performed at the Theatre Antoine, has<br />
not attained the high level of popular success that<br />
was anticipated. The dainty, idyllic muse of<br />
Pierre Loti is, perhaps, too ethereal for the glare<br />
of the footlights; the successful fin-de-sihcle<br />
dramatist must either possess transcendent<br />
dramatic verve and inspiration, or, at least, an<br />
inexhaustible fund of a certain genre of super-<br />
ficial wit, a ready repartee, and a dashing, devil-<br />
may-care style which carries away and electrifies<br />
an audience, which invariably prefers the thrill<br />
of a new sensation to the discovery of a new<br />
truth.<br />
M. Saint Marceaux has just finished his<br />
plaster cast of the monument to bc erected to<br />
Alphonse Daudet. It represents the great writer<br />
as sitting beneath an olive tree with clasped<br />
hands, in a reflective attitude. The site the<br />
sculptor desires for his work is the Garden of the<br />
Luxembourg, near the monuments of Sainte<br />
Bouve and de Watteau, within easy walking<br />
distance of the great national rest ing place raised<br />
uii.t grands hommes par Jti pat He reconnaissance 1<br />
Daruacotte Dene.<br />
FROM THE AMERICAN PAPERS.<br />
AN interesting observation on what he calls<br />
"the new English attitude towards us" is<br />
made by Dr. Talcott Williams it propos a<br />
book on America entitled "Land of Contrasts,"<br />
written by Mr. James Fullarton Muirhead, which<br />
has just been brought out. Books on America<br />
by the travelling Englishman, says Dr. Williams<br />
(writing in Book News), " were once all unfavour-<br />
able, now they are all the other way, and English<br />
newspaper criticism is moving in the same direc-<br />
tion." (It might, by the way, be pointed out to<br />
Dr. Williams that American newspaper criticism<br />
is meeting this spirit half-way with correspond-<br />
ingly favourable consideration of England.) Mr.<br />
Muirhead has studied American life for twenty<br />
years, and his book is described as a close, keen,<br />
penetrating analysis of the current play of<br />
American forces. "It is hopeful. All the books<br />
by people who really understand this country are<br />
hopeful." "The truth is," says Dr. Talcott<br />
Williams, " we have pimples for the same reason<br />
as a growing boy or girl—because we have not<br />
digested our hasty meals of new population."<br />
The Boston Public Library (says the New<br />
York Critic) has accepted from Miss Lilian<br />
Whiting the gift of a large collection of the<br />
autograph letters written to the late Kate Field by<br />
the Brownings, Walter Savage Landor, George<br />
Eliot, Dickens, Thomas Adolphus and Anthony<br />
Trollope, E. C. Stedman, Helen Hunt, Mme.<br />
Ristori, Adelaide Phillips, Dr. Schliemann, and a<br />
great number of other notable people. These are<br />
called "The Kate Field Memorial Collection."<br />
Before Miss Whiting sailed for Europe last<br />
spring she had typewritten copies made of all<br />
these for reference in preparing the biography of<br />
Miss Field, giving the originals to the Public<br />
Library. With the collection there is to be<br />
placed a reproduction of the portrait of Kate<br />
Field by Vedder, signed by him, the original of<br />
which is in the Boston Museum of Fine Arts.<br />
The Critic is associating itself with Messrs.<br />
G. P. Putnam's Sons, the well-known publishers,<br />
beginning with the January number. Mr. and<br />
Miss Gilder of course retain the editorship, and<br />
they are to signalise the change by giving their<br />
influential journal a new dress and new tvpe.<br />
Mr. Charles Belmont Davis, lately the U.S.<br />
Consul at Florence, has allied himself with Mr.<br />
R. H. Russell, the publisher—the latter taking<br />
charge of the art and other books,and Mr.Davis, in<br />
another street, taking the plays. Mr. Davis is a<br />
brother of Mr. Richard Harding Davis, and<br />
published his first volume of short stories only<br />
the other day through Messrs. Stone.<br />
Mr. Cable has been engaged, since his return<br />
from England, on a story of the Civil War, in<br />
which we may expect to have some of his own<br />
experiences on the Southern side. Most of the<br />
scenes will be laid in New Orleans, and the title<br />
will probably be "The Cavalier." James Lane<br />
Allen also has another novel in hand, which will<br />
be longer than his very successful "The Choir<br />
Invisible." It may be looked for in the spring.<br />
Mr. Stanley Waterloo's reason for writing his<br />
latest book, "Armageddon," is interesting to<br />
know. "I believe," he says in Book News, " there<br />
will be some sort of union of the Teuton stock,<br />
including the English shaking, the German and<br />
the Norse, and I want it. I believe there will yet<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 181 (#193) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
181<br />
be devised some more or less practicable way of<br />
mounting above the earth and directing move-<br />
ments there. It occurred to me that the two<br />
ideas might be made to assist each other in a<br />
story. Of course the tale as told is not such an<br />
expression as I would make were I a statesman.<br />
It implies antagonisms which are exaggerated for<br />
the purpose of the novelist."<br />
Messrs. Appleton have published a " limited"<br />
edition (i 00,000 copies) of Mr. Hall Caine's " The<br />
Christian" at fifty cents. This cheap edition was<br />
resolved upon to meet a special demand. It was<br />
all taken up before it left the press.<br />
The Dial has been discussing the swing of the<br />
pendulum towards romanticism, and sums up by<br />
saying that" the romantic revival is at full tide,<br />
and contemporary literature bids fair to offer us<br />
once more the solace that it brought us of old. We<br />
have learned that it is extremely foolish to insist<br />
of a writer that he give us all the facts con-<br />
nected with his theme. We have learned the<br />
limitations of literary photography, we have<br />
learned that it is unwise to approach literature<br />
burdened with a sense of responsibility for the<br />
preservation of the literal truth and the obtrusion<br />
of the ethical meaning."<br />
The ^Vew York Tunes in a recent issue prints<br />
this touching little incident of American author-<br />
ship :—<br />
It is related of Mr. F. Marion Crawford, the novelist, that<br />
when he was making a tour of America, and was travelling<br />
through a rich agricultural region to fill an appointment at<br />
a large town, a brisk-looking young man, with his hat on<br />
the back of his head, came into a car in which the novelist<br />
was sitting, held ont his hand, and said, in a most affable<br />
and companionable way:<br />
"I presume this is the celebrated Mr. Crawford?"<br />
"My name is Crawford," replied the novelist.<br />
"The conductor told me you were aboard," rejoined the<br />
other. "Allow me to introduce myself. My name is<br />
Higgs. I am somewhat in the book-line myself, and I know<br />
how it goes."<br />
"Yon are an author?" said Mr. Crawford. "I am glad<br />
to meet yon."<br />
"Yes, I have published a book regularly every year since<br />
1890."<br />
"May I ask the name of yonr latest book," asked Mr.<br />
Crawford.<br />
"It's the Premium List of the Jones County Agricul-<br />
tural Fair," cordially responded Mr. Higgs, taking a small<br />
pamphlet from his pocket and handing it to him. "Allow<br />
me to present you a copy of it. I am the Secretary of the<br />
Jones County Agricultural Board. We are going to have<br />
the best fair this year we ever had. Balloon ascensions,<br />
Koman chariot races, baseball games, and trials of speed<br />
on track till you can't rest. Come and spend a day with us<br />
and it shan't cost you a cent. Well, this is where I get off.<br />
Good-bye, Mr. Crawford. Glad to have met you."<br />
NOTES AND NEWS.<br />
ACOR1IESPONPENT sends a letter on tln.<br />
conduct of a prize competition by a popu-<br />
lar magazine. Such a competition does<br />
not fall within the range of the Society's work<br />
and aims. It does not, that is to say, represent<br />
literary property in any sense. There is no doubt<br />
that these competitions interest vast multitudes of<br />
people, and that they should be conducted with the<br />
most jealous regard to openness and fairness. But<br />
complaints concerning the conduct of these things<br />
cannot be admitted in these columns.<br />
The editors of the New York Outlook invited<br />
their subscribers and readers on Oct. 1 to draw<br />
up lists of the ten best books published in the<br />
year ending Sept. 30, 1898. The following is the<br />
list now published in the December number.<br />
"Life of Tennyson."<br />
"Helbeck of Bannisdale.'' By Mrs. Humphry Ward.<br />
"Story of Gladstone's Life." By Justin McCarthy.<br />
"Caleb West." By F. Hopkinson Smith.<br />
"The Workers." By Walter A. Wyckoff.<br />
"Bismarck." By Dr. Moritz Busch.<br />
"Penelope's Progress." By Kate Douglas Wiggin.<br />
"Letters of Elizabeth Barrett Browning."<br />
"Rupert of Hontzau." By Anthony Hope.<br />
"Old Virginia and Her Neighbours." By Jchn Fiske.<br />
Here we find five English books, four American,<br />
and one German. Four of the books are of<br />
exceptional interest. It is not often that bio-<br />
graphies of such importance as those of Tennyson,<br />
Gladstone, Bismarck, and Elizabeth Barrett<br />
Browning appear in one year. Had it not been<br />
for these we should not, probably, have seen a<br />
preponderance of our own books. One would<br />
like to know something of the books to which<br />
must be accorded a " proxime accessit."<br />
The death of Mr. William Black removes a<br />
figure of importance in the world of letters. He<br />
had of late somewhat fallen behind his former<br />
popularity: but there was always a wide circle of<br />
readers for everything he produced. He began<br />
life by studying art: he then entered journalism,<br />
and was for a time a war correspondent: he<br />
began writing novels in 1869, since which time he<br />
has published the respectable number of thirty-<br />
three. His fir.-t success was in 1871 with " A<br />
Daughter of Heth." A story has been going round<br />
the papers to the effect that the novel was brought<br />
out anonymously in order to avoid the malignity<br />
of the Saturday Review, which " always " slated<br />
him. There had been no more than two novels to<br />
slate, not enough to justify this sweeping asser-<br />
tion. Everybody knows the leading character-<br />
istic of Black's style : he had very considerable<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 182 (#194) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
descriptive powers: he took his readers into the<br />
Highlands and the Hebrides. He brought his<br />
heroines into situations of strong contrasts: he<br />
was always gentle and well-bred. It would be<br />
interesting to know which of Black's novels the<br />
public will select for the limited immortality<br />
which awaits even the most popular novelist.<br />
He was a retiring man for the most part, who was<br />
yet fond of society of his own choosing and of his<br />
own friends. The cause of his death seems to<br />
have been some affection of the brain.<br />
The Pall Mall Gazette quotes the suggestion<br />
that booksellers should appoint their own reader.<br />
"It is obvious," the writer says, " the gentleman<br />
with the very moderate salary " — .£400 a year<br />
was named —" would, if his report was taken<br />
seriously, make or unmake almost any book. If<br />
the booksellers do not order a book what chance<br />
has it of winning recognition? Surely every<br />
publishers' reader makes it his business to con-<br />
sider whether a book is likely to sell, and I do<br />
not see why the booksellers' man should be any<br />
better judge." It also says that the appoint-<br />
ment of such a reader "would reduce the in-<br />
flueuceof newspaper critics to an amazing degree."<br />
Several points occur in this criticism. (1) Do<br />
newspaper critics write for the booksellers or for<br />
the public? I have always given them credit for<br />
writing for the public, in other words, for con-<br />
sidering the literary and not the commercial side<br />
of literature. As I have pointed out over and<br />
over again, there is no necessary connection<br />
between the two. (2) The chief function of the<br />
reader would be to pick out and recommend<br />
from the books whose subjects or whose authors<br />
do not carry certain popularity with them. (3)<br />
He might undoubtedly make a book; book-<br />
sellers would be greatly helped by his reports;<br />
and authors as well. Observe, however, that if<br />
his recommendations fell into disrepute or into<br />
suspicion he would be most certainly sacked. (4)<br />
About the publishers' reader. Booksellers do<br />
not trust the publishers' reader. They point<br />
to their shelves full of failures, and they<br />
refuse to trust the publishers' reader. Why,<br />
everyone knows dozens of stories of publishers'<br />
readers and their mistakes. The best publishers'<br />
reader is, in many cases, the publisher himself.<br />
Now, in reading a MS., the best reader in the<br />
world is liable to make mistakes. But the book-<br />
sellers' reader may also make mistakes? He may:<br />
but he comes after the other reader, and he reads<br />
a printed page, which is better than writing or<br />
typewriting. Further, there are multitudes of<br />
books which the publishers' reader never sees,<br />
notably the books published by the author at his<br />
own expense. The writer of the paragraph in the<br />
Pall Mall Gazette does not consider, I am afraid,<br />
the very serious position of the bookselling trade<br />
at this moment: the precarious standing of book-<br />
sellers, and the absolute necessity for doing some-<br />
thing for them. In The Author for October we<br />
set forth a scale showing the respective shares in<br />
the profits of a book taken by author, publisher,<br />
and bookseller. On an average six-shilling<br />
book, if the author had fifteen per cent., the shares<br />
would be: author, i0±d.; publisher, is. 7\d.;<br />
bookseller, 8§rf. This hardly means a division<br />
according to the strictest principles of equity or<br />
the nicest sense of honour.<br />
At a meeting of a publishing company the<br />
other day, one of the shareholders said that the<br />
management had no right to gamble with the<br />
shareholders' money by publishing any book that<br />
was not absolutely certain to sell. He did not go<br />
on to inform the meeting how the management<br />
were to get enough books of that kind. There<br />
are, for instance, hundreds of writers whose books<br />
carry no risk of loss, though some of them bring<br />
very little profit. I suppose that it is impossible<br />
for a publisher to carry on his business without<br />
risk of some kind; under that head it has been<br />
often defined in these columns. It is the diffe-<br />
rence between the cost of production and the first<br />
subscription. The difference is not generally<br />
great: frequently it is nominal.<br />
Two publishing companies have recently held<br />
their annual meeting. One of them is about a<br />
quarter of a century old, the other is four or five<br />
years of age. The former declares no dividend:<br />
the latter pays a dividend of 22\ per cent. The<br />
chairman of the former laments that "the<br />
difficulties of the publishing trade are many<br />
and serious." The report of the other says<br />
nothing about difficulties, but speaks of success<br />
upon success. Now, in the case of the first<br />
there are special reasons which have for some<br />
years operated against the success of the com-<br />
pany, but still it is time that these difficulties<br />
should have been got over. In the case of the<br />
second company, it is directed by a man who<br />
possesses a remarkable power of understanding<br />
what people want. This is, in fact, the most<br />
important qualification in a managing director—<br />
to know what people want. One sees in every list<br />
of new books a certain number which people do<br />
not want. An intelligent publisher may be<br />
"spotted" by the absence of such books in his<br />
list; and a small dividend may assuredly be the<br />
direct result of publishing what the world does<br />
not want.<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 183 (#195) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
'83<br />
Mr. Daldy has been making another wail about<br />
American copyright. He wrote to the Times and<br />
suggested that this was a favourable moment to<br />
make another appeal to the Americans. Well,<br />
with a Copyright Commission still sitting, with a<br />
Copyright Bill still on the stocks, with no certainty<br />
whether the Lords mean to proceed with the Bill,<br />
>t seems as if a more inopportune moment could<br />
hardly be chosen. But it advertises Mr. Daldy,<br />
which is, of course, the main point. Mr. Daldy<br />
goes on .to state that the manufacturing clause<br />
debars four-fifths of the books published in this<br />
country. It is to be hoped that no American will<br />
read this statement, for if anything in the world<br />
could reconcile him to the present arrangement it<br />
is the reflection that if it were abolished the<br />
whole of the books published in this country—<br />
think of it—the whole !—would be poured into<br />
the States! As it is, it is not possible to agree<br />
with Mr. Daldy that one-fifth of all our books<br />
secure American copyright: more likely—one-<br />
tenth. Does Mr. Daldy imagine that there is no<br />
literature in America? Does he believe that the<br />
Americans crave for everything that we publish?<br />
If so, he must have arrived at a very remarkable<br />
depth of ignorance. Moreover, the present clause<br />
does not debar any book that the American wants.<br />
It is a simple condition that the book should be<br />
printed in America. The only hardship is the<br />
additional cost of setting up, which in a book on<br />
demand is not of much importance. But suppose<br />
the clause abolished, and in its place the same<br />
clause that we have here, of simultaneous publica-<br />
tion—what would happen? Books that the<br />
Americans want—and none other—would be sent<br />
over either in stereo plates or in sheets. Just as<br />
at present, it would be necessary to find a pub-<br />
lisher and to submit the work in advance. In<br />
fact, nothing would be saved except the cost<br />
of setting-up, and against that would be placed<br />
the stereo plates. And Mr. Daldy's "four-<br />
fifths" would remain, as at present, deprived of<br />
their valuable copyright by an unappreciative<br />
public. It is a pity that we have not reciprocity;<br />
but the clause, after all, is a very small thing, and<br />
only troublesome in the case of books about which<br />
there is doubt whether they shall be taken or not.<br />
Have my readers forgotten the proposed<br />
memorial to Felicia Hemans? It is only a<br />
small amount that is wanted: about .£135 is<br />
already promised, and I learn that the committee<br />
are anxious to close the fund. Those, therefore,<br />
who have promised but not yet paid are invited<br />
to do so without delay; and those who have not<br />
sent anything should do so at once to Mr. A.<br />
Theodore Brown, treasurer of the fund, Exehange-<br />
VOL. IX.<br />
court, Liverpool. It is suggested that the memo-<br />
rial shall take the form of au annual prize for a<br />
lyrical poem, the prize-winner to be a student in<br />
Liverpool College.<br />
For my own part I like not prize poems: no<br />
really fine poem was ever obtained in this way.<br />
I should have preferred an annual examination in<br />
English literature open to all comers under a<br />
certain age.<br />
Should librarians buy review books? The<br />
question was raised recently at a meeting of the<br />
Library Assistants' Association. The discussion<br />
was begun by Mr. Dyer, who attacked the practice<br />
of librarians in purchasing review copies of books,<br />
defaced with various stamps embossed or im-<br />
pressed, and also with pencil marks, &c., consider-<br />
ing that ratepayers might well ask him how money<br />
came to be expended on books marked " with the<br />
Publisher's compliments."' He considered it an<br />
injustice to the author that public money should<br />
be spent on books thit are given away, not sold,<br />
and that booksellers should not be allowed to sell<br />
these books any more than Baron Tauchnitz's<br />
publications. Mr. Wood strongly supported the<br />
purchase of review copies, as the stamps did not<br />
matter. Did not libraries themselves deface<br />
books? and did an extra defacement matter't<br />
What a librarian wanted was cheap books, and<br />
review copies were cheap, and new, and good;<br />
therefore these should be bought. Mr. Thome<br />
and Mr. Vellenoweth defended the exclusion of<br />
these cheap but defaced books, the latter asking<br />
how readers could be forbidden to make pencil<br />
marks, &c., in books already so marked, as review<br />
copies often were.<br />
The opinion of the meeting seemed to be in<br />
favour of buying review books because they are<br />
cheap, while the members present refused to listen<br />
to the principle involved. Now, there are 700 free<br />
libraries in this country, and the number of copies<br />
sent out for review is not more than fifty as a<br />
rule. If, out of the fifty, thirty are offered for<br />
sale, that leaves 670 libraries which must buy<br />
direct. It is not therefore a burning question or an<br />
intolerable burden. Yet one would like the<br />
matter settled. Ought libraries, as a matter of<br />
principle, to buy those review copies? Thev get<br />
them very cheap; they may be sometimes marked<br />
a little, and it cannot be said that the sale is<br />
underhand. Many reviewers have the book in<br />
addition to the cheque. When the latter is small<br />
the book is thrown in as some compensation, and<br />
it is understood that it will be sold.<br />
Walter Bbsant.<br />
x<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 184 (#196) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
THE PUBLISHER, THE BOOKSELLER, AND<br />
THE LIBRARIAN.<br />
THIS is the title of an unconventional article<br />
in the " Christmas Catalogue," published<br />
from the office of the Newsagent and Book-<br />
seller's Review. The writer in the first place<br />
discusses the cheapening of literature, and prophe-<br />
sies that "the 6*. novel will soon have to give<br />
place to 2*., and the author, who is now paid<br />
huge and disproportionate sums of money for his<br />
MS., will have to be content with a more modest-<br />
sum and a smaller royalty. The publisher, then,<br />
who can look ahead, and who is bold enough to<br />
enter the arena, will have no cause to regret it,<br />
for although the task may be heavy, he will most<br />
assuredly win fame and fortune." Then follows<br />
a lament that the libraries have not of late years<br />
teen helping the publisher to the extent that is<br />
naturally expected, for if the author's name<br />
happens to be a new one, he is passed by. The<br />
section of the article devoted to publishers con-<br />
cludes as follows:<br />
The publishing world should be considered more in the<br />
light of a charitable combination, for if the publisher did<br />
not risk his money to introduce new authors, a very pre-<br />
cious few would ever see themselves clothed in fresh ink,<br />
newspaper, and gorgeous binding.<br />
The article then passes to the bookseller, the<br />
writer admitting that the publisher cannot exist<br />
without him; remarking his ignorance as to the<br />
books he sells, compared with the bookseller of the<br />
"old times," and deploring the small pay of the<br />
bookseller's assistant. A "new departure" at<br />
the biggest circulating library in London is noted,<br />
and this, says the writer, is a matter in which<br />
the publisher should step in and put his foot<br />
down. This is it:—<br />
As soon as books can be withdrawn from circulation (and<br />
they are often withdrawn much too soon) they are re-bound,<br />
cleaned, and sold for half the published price! This, then,<br />
clearly is not helping the poor bookseller. There will be<br />
lots of people who will wait for these oopies, and thereby save<br />
a matter of is. 6d. on a book, to the loss of the bookseller.<br />
Again, as to the position of the new author,<br />
and giving him a better chance, it is suggested<br />
"that the two large Metropolitan libraries<br />
relegate a couple or more of competent literary<br />
critics to a room set apart for the examination of<br />
new books—advance copies being sent them by<br />
the publishers for that purpose—and upon the<br />
report of these critics, the new writer would be<br />
judged according to his merits."<br />
As for the librarian, to him is imputed want<br />
of enteqmse. "The London librarian is one of<br />
the most important men in English literary<br />
circles, but it is extremely doubtful if he has ever<br />
risen to, or taken advantage of, his opportunities.<br />
The libraries of London are dead," &c.<br />
"MERLIN AND THE GLEAM."<br />
IHAVE waited for the Life of Tennyson<br />
to throw some light on a small Tennyson<br />
puzzle—why the poet chose to represent<br />
Merlin, the bard and wizard of the Arthur<br />
legends, as following "The Gleam." Now the<br />
book has come, and upon this point I am as<br />
unsatisfied as ever.<br />
The preface gives a delightfully interesting<br />
study of the poem, and some explanation of Tenny-<br />
son's feeling for the wizard. "From his boy-<br />
hood he had felt the magic of Merlin—that<br />
spirit of poetry—which bade him know his power<br />
and follow throughout his work a pure and high<br />
ideal . . . which helped him through doubt<br />
and difficulties to 'endure as seeing Him who is<br />
invisible.'" Then the connection with "The<br />
Gleam" appears to be traced in Vol. II., p. 366,<br />
where we find the note :—<br />
"Of Merlin and the Gleam, written in August,<br />
1889, he [Tennyson] says, ' In the story of Merlin<br />
and Nimue I have read that Nimue means the<br />
Gleam—which in my poem typifies the higher<br />
poetic imagination."<br />
But Nimue had already been treated by Tenny-<br />
son in "Merlin and Vivien," and with no<br />
more respect than was shown in Malory's chapter<br />
upon "How Merlin was assorted, and doted on<br />
one of the ladies of the lake, and how he was<br />
shut in a rock under a stone, and there died."<br />
Take the ending of this poem :—<br />
For Merlin, overtalk'd and overworn,<br />
Had yielded, told her all the charm, and slept.<br />
Then, in one moment, she put forth the charm<br />
Of woven paces and of waving hands,<br />
And in the hollow oak he lay as dead,<br />
And lost to life and use and name and fame.<br />
Then crying, " I have made his glory mine,"<br />
And shrieking out " O fool!" the harlot leapt<br />
Adown the forest, and the thicket closed<br />
Behind her, and the forest echo'd "fool."<br />
Can this wicked little will-of-the-wisp represent<br />
the spirit of poetry? The close of " Merlin and<br />
the Gleam" quite forbids one to believe it.<br />
I can no longer,<br />
But die rejoicing,<br />
For through the magic<br />
Of Him the Mighty,<br />
Who taught me in childhood,<br />
There on the border<br />
Of boundless ocean,<br />
And all but in Heaven<br />
Hovers the Gleam.<br />
It is hard to think this lovely moral has grown<br />
from the Nimue of Malory's tale!<br />
I shall be bold enough, at any rate, to make<br />
another suggestion. Newman, when asked about<br />
the angel faces in " Lead kindly Light." frankly<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 185 (#197) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
confessed that he had forgotten what he meant<br />
by them. Tennyson himself for the moment may<br />
have mistaken the origin of his Gleam. We<br />
know he was a student of Dante. The "sorrow's<br />
crown of sorrows" passage is only one of many<br />
delicate enrichments from that source; and, in<br />
Canto XIII. of the "Purgatorio," we find this<br />
allusion: Sapia describes how, "waxing out of<br />
bounds " in gladness after a victory, she lifted up<br />
her brow,<br />
And, like the merlin cheated by a gleam,<br />
Cried, "It is over. Heav'n! I fear thee not."<br />
Cary's Translation.<br />
A note explains the reference:<br />
"Canto XIII., v. 114.—The story of the Merlin<br />
is that, having been induced by a gleam of fine<br />
weather to escape from his master, he was soon<br />
oppressed by the rigour of the season."<br />
My theory involves a little confusion between<br />
Merlin the bird and Merlin the man. A bird<br />
following light, a singer reaching after the highest<br />
poetic inspiration—the two ideas would be easily<br />
merged in one another. Bird or poet might fail<br />
of full achievement—strike out too soon for light<br />
and freedom, and find death instead of summer.<br />
But I shall contend, at least, that it was some<br />
transmutation of this bird story in Tennyson's<br />
mind which suggested the 1889 poem, and that<br />
the wicked little amateur sorceress, whatever her<br />
coincidence of name, had really nothing to do<br />
with it. Mary Colborne-Veel.<br />
New Zealand, 1898.<br />
NAXOS.<br />
When lonely on the once-delightful shore<br />
Stood Ariadne, and the stern wind blew<br />
Steadily seaward, till at last she knew<br />
Theseus could come no more:<br />
Behold! A God, a God rush'd to her side!<br />
—Think yon she cared? I know which way she tnrn'd<br />
Fair eyes, and longing heart, and lips that burn'd;<br />
I know which name she cried!<br />
For now the god-like lot draws near to me;<br />
Yea, Love-of-one denied, oomes Love-for-all.<br />
—But, where art thou? Canst thon not hear me call,<br />
O lost, lost Love! to thee?<br />
B. E. B.<br />
LONDON LIBRARY.<br />
THIS important institution opened on Dec. 5<br />
its new buildings which have been erected<br />
on the old site, St. James's-square. A<br />
distinguished company came to hear Mr. Leslie<br />
Stephen, the president, declare the new buildings<br />
open. Mr. Stephen in his address explained the<br />
history of the movement—the entire breakdown<br />
of the old buildings, the want of space, the diffi-<br />
culty in finding books, and the lack of a proper<br />
reading room. These difficulties have now been<br />
removed and these wants supplied in a simple<br />
well-lighted airy building. The expense has been<br />
met by .£2000 subscribed among the 2472<br />
members, and a loan of .£5000. Mr. Stephen<br />
described the increase of the library since 1841,<br />
saying that at last there was no way out of the<br />
difficulty but to build or to burst, and, of course,<br />
they had to set about building. The result was<br />
that they had a very great increase of accommo-<br />
dation, and their librarian in future would be in<br />
the position of a general presiding over an<br />
encampment where every regiment had its proper<br />
place, and where he knew where to call on every-<br />
one of his troops. Mr. Stephen said that when he<br />
looked at the great clubs which surrounded them,<br />
and in which he was afraid the kitchen was a<br />
much more important part of the apparatus than<br />
the library, some of his complacency in the new<br />
building departed, and remembering that it was<br />
the only institution of the kind in London which<br />
undertook to give an essential means for the enjoy-<br />
ment of good literature in their own houses, he<br />
thought after all that it was a mere cottage com-<br />
pared with what it ought to be.<br />
CORRESPONDENCE.<br />
I —Book-Buyers and Booksellers.<br />
THE note in the December Author referring to<br />
the possible buyers of books is interesting.<br />
I have often wondered who are the book-<br />
buyers, besides the managers of circulating libraries<br />
and literary men. People with incomes of .£500<br />
a year, and more than that, tell me that they<br />
cannot afford to buy books. In thousands of<br />
big, well-furnished houses one little case, holding<br />
fifty or sixty books, at the outside estimate, is<br />
considered a fair library. Books are the last<br />
things that many wealthy persous dream of buying.<br />
Sometimes they have a two-guinea library ticket.<br />
Very often they beg or borrow books from impe-<br />
cunious friends. It is necessary for a man with<br />
.£1000 a year to economise. These people will<br />
even ask a half-starved author to lend theiu<br />
a copy of his last book, published at 3*. 6d., and<br />
to be bought at 3*?. in the 1 i. discount.<br />
An enormous number of those who neither<br />
toil nor spin can "never find time to read," and<br />
another multitude "hate reading," and despise<br />
the writers of books as useless, idle fellows, who<br />
ought to be trying to make money on the Stock<br />
Exchange instead of amusing themselves with<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 186 (#198) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
pen and paper. I have been asked sometimes<br />
by pursy people to recommend a book. They<br />
inquire if I know anyone who will lend it to them.<br />
So far as my experience goes, I am convinced<br />
that the keenest readers and the most liberal<br />
book-buyers are authors. A philosophical writer<br />
known to me, whose income is less than M200 a<br />
year, has thousands of books, many of them costly.<br />
Another scholarly author, who never earned more<br />
than £2 per week, has contrived to fill a study<br />
with volumes. Half of his earnings are spent<br />
upon books.<br />
The other day a well-to-do lady promised to<br />
buy a book in which I was interested. It was in<br />
the press, and the publishers had proposed to issue<br />
it at i*. Subsequently, they changed their minds,<br />
and priced the book at 2*. 6d. The well-to-do<br />
lady also changed her mind about buying the<br />
book. She could not afford more than is. I<br />
believe it would pay publishers to print cheap<br />
books.<br />
Lately, one of the new publishers refused the<br />
manuscript of a novel because it was too short for<br />
the ordinary Volume form of fiction. If the book<br />
would not sell at 2*. 6rf., might it not sell at<br />
is. 6d., and perhaps sell much better at the lower<br />
price?<br />
A word upon booksellers. "The trade" is in<br />
a bad way, and this is partly due to the fact that<br />
so many persons are niggardly in their expendi-<br />
ture upon books. But some booksellers aie<br />
not " pushing"; they cannot expert to succeed.<br />
When the reprint of "The Dolly Dialogues " was<br />
selling in thousands, and lying upon every railway<br />
bookstall, I went into a big book shop at Ply-<br />
mouth and asked for the book. The shopkeeper<br />
said, "I don't keep dialogues." I explained<br />
that it was not a theatrical book. "Well, I<br />
haven't got it, and I've never heard of it,"<br />
returned the bookseller, without offering to order<br />
it. On another occasion I tried to buy J. A.<br />
Symonds' "Study of Walt Whitman," at four<br />
large central shops in London. "No, we haven't<br />
it," said the assistants. There was no suggestion<br />
of obtaining a copy. I should have imagined<br />
that a js. 6d. book was worth selling.<br />
I sympathise with booksellers in their struggle<br />
to pay rents and make a living. Many of them<br />
can scarcely live, in spite of energy and enter-<br />
prise; but others come to grief through listless-<br />
ness and neglecting to display and recommend<br />
new books. I was much gratified some time<br />
ago by the kindness of two leading members of<br />
the trade, who both offered to stock my books<br />
when I, as a complete stranger, asked them if<br />
they would do so.<br />
I think that booksellers would welcome cheaper<br />
books, especially works of fiction. Constantly<br />
people tell me that they would buy a new novel<br />
if it only cost 2*. 6d. They refrain from buying<br />
a novel at 4*. 6d., and wait until they can find<br />
someone to lend it to them or until the book is<br />
in the local free library. I believe that authors,<br />
publishers, and booksellers lose in the long run<br />
through fixing the price of a novel too high.<br />
The book is bought by the few, and it may be<br />
read by many; but the majority of readers will<br />
be borrowers, and some of them unabashed and<br />
unblushing wealthy borrowers.<br />
Bryn Aber, Geoffrey Mortimer<br />
Llangollen, North Wales.<br />
II.—Editor and Contributor.<br />
1.<br />
When an editor keeps a MS. months and<br />
months, wearing out the writer's patience, and<br />
causing him, in many instances, real distress<br />
of mind, does it not point to a defective sense of<br />
honour in that editor? The author is in his<br />
power, has no redress if his copy becomes lost or<br />
dog-eared, is obliged to bear meekly neglect or<br />
insult, so that, it seems to me, the abuse of his<br />
confidence is very like the non-payment of a debt<br />
of honour. There is obviously no action we who<br />
write can take, but simply sit still and wait for<br />
a reformation of charactor in such doers unto<br />
others as they would not others should do unto<br />
them! Not long ago I wrote to an editor asking<br />
when my story, accepted last May, would be<br />
likely to appear. He did not reply to a letter<br />
and two post-cards, so I wrote for the fourth<br />
time with some irritation. This was the imperti-<br />
nent answer: "I think it a kindness to tell you<br />
that peremptory letters to editors can have but<br />
one result." Another story accepted last May<br />
was returned in August, and it was only through<br />
the services of Mr. Thring that it is accepted<br />
again now. When it will appear, Heaven knows!<br />
If one dares to beard editorial majesty there can<br />
be but one of two results—malicious delay or<br />
return of the MS. Truly we may pray for<br />
reform of manners.<br />
With regard to the ill-bred person who<br />
scribbles his presumptuous and often illiterate<br />
"corrections" all over another man's literary pro-<br />
perty (I have experienced this, and shar* Mr.<br />
Wallace's disgust—see last month's Author),<br />
he is, of course, so hopelessly void of inborn<br />
courtesy or good taste that nothing could touch<br />
him but being obliged to pay for re-typing.<br />
Surely we can legally claim this if we take the<br />
the trouble; or am I mistaken? M. L. P.<br />
11.<br />
Most authors, whether of prose or verse, have,<br />
I presume, their little " differences " with editors.<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 187 (#199) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
187<br />
1 have, moreover, occasionally to put up with no<br />
little injustice. My own experiences in this line<br />
have been so numerous that I am tempted to give<br />
a few of them in The Author. I must premise<br />
by saying that I am one of the most courteous<br />
of men myself, and never willingly give offence<br />
to any one. More than that, I am ever ready to<br />
forgive an affront when sorrow is expressed by<br />
the giver of it, and not seldom making the first<br />
overtures even here; and yet in spite of all this<br />
I have at the present moment the following—what<br />
shall we call them ?—say "misunderstandings,"<br />
to put it mildly.<br />
Imprimis.— One of our best known critics<br />
and authors once wrote me in reply to a present<br />
of a volume of my verse a most kind and appre-<br />
ciative letter and highly praised my poetry, rank-<br />
ing me among the sweetest of Devon singers<br />
now alive. Since then, though I wrote him a<br />
most warm and grateful note in reply, I have<br />
never had a line from him, and moreover he has<br />
just curtly declined for his magazine one of the<br />
best poems (in my opinion) I ever wrote! I<br />
have written him more than once without any<br />
response. Why?<br />
Another well-known literary man and poet in<br />
the north, who also highly admired, so he said,<br />
my poetry, suddenly ceased to write to me or to<br />
answer my letters, without any conceivable reason.<br />
Nothing could have been more courteous than my<br />
letter to him. Why?<br />
No. 3 is a west country editor with whom I<br />
had a difference, and though I amply apologised<br />
to him for a hasty letter, up to this day he has<br />
never accepted my apology!<br />
No. 4 is a literary friend now living in London,<br />
who introduced himself to me years ago, has<br />
stayed with me, and now never answers my<br />
letters, without any reason. If they are busy, so<br />
am I, only I am old-fashioned and foolish enough<br />
to forget and forgive and to reply to letters.<br />
Dec. 13. F. B. D.<br />
nr.<br />
Tn your last issue you devote some paragraphs<br />
to the recent decision of Judge Emden at the<br />
Lambeth County Court, and you say that this<br />
case "bears to some extent on the position of an<br />
editor to whom MSS. are sent."<br />
I should like to point out that this decision is<br />
favourable to authors, and ought to be supported<br />
in every way. Judge Emden laid down that<br />
here the " bailment " was gratuitous; that is, the<br />
"bailee," or pers m to whom the MS. was<br />
entrusted, had no interest in the matter, and<br />
therefore could not be made responsible unless<br />
shown to have been guilty of gross negligence.<br />
From this argument it logically follows that,<br />
had the "bailee" had an interest in the " bail-<br />
ment" of the MS., he would have been liable, and<br />
the onus would have been shifted on to him to<br />
prove that he had exercised reasonable care in<br />
preserving it.<br />
It appears to me that, in most cases where<br />
MSS. are sent to an editor or a publisher, the<br />
"bailment" is not gratuitous, for the latter has<br />
an interest in the "bailment," as it is thereby<br />
he is enabled to make selections on which his<br />
business largely dermls. If I am a manu-<br />
facturer, and send goods to a dealer on approval,<br />
he cannot lose them and say he is only a<br />
"gratuitous bailee," and that you must prove<br />
he has been grossly negligent before you can<br />
claim recompense for the loss of your property.<br />
Why, then, should an editor or publisher claim<br />
this position?<br />
It is true editors sometimes in their advertise-<br />
ments repudiate liability for lost MSS., but it is<br />
by no means certain they can thus evade a<br />
"common law" liability.<br />
Howard v. Harris is somewhat against (his con-<br />
tention. That was a case similar to the one<br />
decided by Judge Emden, but there the play-<br />
wright had sent the MS. straight tu the manager<br />
of the theatre. The decision of the County Court<br />
judge, however, seems to me to have been given<br />
on more intelligible grounds than that of the<br />
higher court.<br />
As the matter is of great importance to authors<br />
where a wanton loss of MSS. has occurred, I<br />
think it might be advisable to test the matter<br />
further.<br />
Major Greenwood, LL.B.,<br />
Barrister-at-Law.<br />
III.—The Society as Publishers.<br />
I notice in the November number that a writer<br />
signing himself "A Member of the Society"<br />
raises a question or suggestion upon the impor-<br />
tant matter of publishing; and there is also a<br />
note on the same by our esteemed " W. B." The<br />
first-named wishes the Society to undertake the<br />
very much talked-of publishing of books, which<br />
the latter thinks would not be done, suggesting,<br />
as a medium course, that we might, so to speak,<br />
grow a publisher of our own for the purpose.<br />
So far as I can say—and I know a good deal<br />
about authorship, printing, publishing, &c.—I<br />
would think that sin. e both writers (not to speak<br />
of thousands of others) are agreed upon the<br />
desirability of the project, "W. B." himself<br />
might venture to place the matter before the<br />
Society at an early meeting; and since he is of<br />
opinion that the man procured to publish for<br />
authors at 10 per cent. profit should not be allowed<br />
to undertake other business, what better way is<br />
there than for the Society to procure such a<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 188 (#200) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
man and publish themselves, getting another<br />
manager when death or the 101 things would<br />
cause a single individual to throw up the sponge?<br />
Thus the good work, like the river, even though<br />
men men might come and go, would go on for<br />
ever. W. B. Lappin.<br />
IV.—Fourteen Months' Delay.<br />
May I be allowed to corroborate Mr. Wallace's<br />
evidence concerning the methods adopted by the<br />
Strand Magazine?<br />
I submitted a short story for the editor's con-<br />
sideration, and after twelve months had rolled by<br />
I wrote asking for information concerning it.<br />
My letter, however, was ignored, as was a second<br />
(although I enclosed stamped addressed envelope<br />
for reply). In a third letter I informed him that<br />
I should be compelled to make the matter public.<br />
This produced an apology from the sub-editor,<br />
and a statement that he was "holding the story<br />
over in order to bring it to the editor's notice at a<br />
favourable moment." Another month passed, and<br />
then the MS. was returned as unsuitable, having<br />
been detained fourteen months.<br />
One of the Rank and File.<br />
[One would like to know how many MSS. were<br />
waiting their turn to be read: and how many<br />
officials were reading them. Without judging<br />
any case, it must always be remembered that<br />
with every popular magazine the pressure of MSS.<br />
is very great—enormous. I should imagine that<br />
the explanation of this case is probably that the<br />
MS. was slipped among others and so was mis-<br />
laid. The writer is naturally—most naturally—<br />
angry, but I would suggest some such explana-<br />
tion.—Ed.].<br />
BOOK TALK.<br />
ME. RIDER HAGGARD has written a new<br />
story of South Africa, entitled, " Swal-<br />
low: A Tale of the ' Great Trek.'" It<br />
will be illustrated by Mr. Maurice Greiffenhagen,<br />
and will be published in the spring by Messrs.<br />
Longman.<br />
Mr. David Christie Murray's new novel, to be<br />
published in the spring by Messrs. Pearson, is<br />
called "Despair's Last Journey."<br />
Mr. William Archer has written an introduc-<br />
tion to the English translation of Dr. George<br />
Brandes's monograph on Ibsen, which Mr. Heine-<br />
mann will publish very soon.<br />
A selection of Robert Louis Stevenson's letters<br />
to various people will be given by Mr. Sidney<br />
Colvin in Scribner's Magazine, the first instal-<br />
ment to appear in this month's number.<br />
Mr. Henry Murray Lane, Chester Herald, is<br />
engaged upon a large genealogical work which<br />
Messrs. A. D. Junes and Co. will publish, entitled<br />
"The Royal Daughters of England." It will be<br />
a compendium of most of the royal and illus-<br />
trious families of Europe for over 800 years, and<br />
the object with which it is undertaken is to show<br />
who are the actual living representatives of the<br />
sixty princesses, beginning with the daughters<br />
of William the Conqueror, who have issue<br />
surviving to the present day. The work will<br />
run into four volumes.<br />
Mr. F. J. Jackson's book on the Jaekson-<br />
Harmsworth expedition to the North Pole will<br />
be published by Messrs. Harper in a week or<br />
two. It is the record of three years' adventure<br />
and scientific research, and includes, of course, an<br />
account of the leader's meeting with Dr. Nansen.<br />
The title of the book is " A Thousand Days in<br />
the Arctic."<br />
Mr. J. Grego is editing, with notes, a book on<br />
Charles Dickens and his illustrators, which will<br />
be published in two volumes by Messrs. Chapman<br />
and Hall under the title " Pictorial Pickwickiana."<br />
It will be illustrated with drawings and engrav-<br />
ings by Seymour Leech, " Phiz," Sir John Gilbert,<br />
R.A., C. R. Leslie, R.A., and others.<br />
Mr. J. W. Headlam, Fellow of King's College,<br />
Cambridge, is writing for the Cambridge His-<br />
torical Series a volume on the modern German<br />
Empire, 1815-1871.<br />
Mrs. H. J. Tennant and Miss Mona Wilson<br />
have written a handbook entitled "Working<br />
Women in Factories, Workshops, and Laundries,<br />
and How to Help Them." It will be published<br />
shortly by Messrs. Duckworth and Co.<br />
Herr Charles Neufeld, who was released from<br />
his long imprisonment in Khartoum when the<br />
victorious British troops entered the city, is<br />
writing an account of his experiences during his<br />
long captivity in the stronghold of Mahdism.<br />
Miss Mary Bateson is editing for the Royal<br />
Historical Society "A Narrative of Political<br />
Events, 1765-1767, by the Duke of Newcastle."<br />
Mr. F. G. Kitten's forthcoming memoir of Dr.<br />
Buck, formerly organist and master of the<br />
choristers at Norwich Cathedral, will contain new<br />
letters of Jenny Lind, Professor John Hullah,<br />
Professor Sedgwick, Sir Sterndale Bennett, Dean<br />
Stanley, and others. Messrs. Jarrold and Sons<br />
will publish the work.<br />
In the Atlantic Monthly for December Mr.<br />
Pierre la Rose gives a hitherto unpublished poem<br />
by Byron — namely, a version of Ossian's<br />
"Address to the Sun." This is accompanied by<br />
many notes on Ossian written by Byron when he<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 189 (#201) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
was about eighteen years of age. The whole of<br />
these—poem and notes—are written in Byron's<br />
own hand in a copy of the 1806 edition of "The<br />
Poems of Ossian" which is now one of the<br />
treasures of the library of Harvard University.<br />
It came into the possession of the college in 1874,<br />
as part of the bequest of Charles Sumner, who<br />
had acquired it for twenty guineas. Byron at<br />
this time swallowed Macpherson, of whom his<br />
notes show him to be an enthusiastic admirer.<br />
The following are the opening lines of the<br />
poem :—<br />
0 thou! who rollest in yon azure field,<br />
Bound as the orb of my forefather's shield,<br />
Whence are thy beams? From what eternal store<br />
Dost thou, O Sun! thy vast effulgence pour?<br />
In awful grandeur, when thou movest on high,<br />
The stars start back and hide them in the sky;<br />
The pale moon sickens in thy brightening blaze,<br />
And in the western wave avoids thy gaze-<br />
Alone thou shinest forth—for who can riso<br />
Companion of thy splendour in tho skies!<br />
Some good literary plums will be ripe next<br />
season (says the Westminster Gazette) to fall<br />
into the hands of those who reprint notable books<br />
as soon as the copyright expires. This season an<br />
example of this sort has been "John Halifax,<br />
Gentleman," by Mrs. Craik, a charming edition of<br />
which Messrs. Dent have just issued. That very<br />
popular novel has been reprinted by six publishers<br />
at least, besides the six different editions from the<br />
authorised publishers on sale before. In 1899<br />
another portion of Tennyson's poetry will be out<br />
of copyright; Dr. Livingstone's first African<br />
travels, issued in 1857; "Tom Brown's School-<br />
days," and Borrow's " Lavengro."<br />
Sir William Wilson Hunter, K.C.S.I., is writing<br />
a history of British India, which will occupy five<br />
volumes. The first of these, which will carry the<br />
narrative through our struggle for the spice trade<br />
of the Eastern Archipelago and our expulsion by<br />
the Dutch from the Spice Islands, will be published<br />
by Messrs. Longman next month.<br />
The attention of Messrs. A. D. Innes and Co.<br />
has been called to a curious error on the title page<br />
of Mr. Arthur Paterson's last novel, "The Gospel<br />
Writ in Steel." He is there credited with the<br />
authorship not only of "A Son of the Plains,"<br />
which he did write, but also of "The Man from<br />
Snowy River," which is the work of Mr. A. B.<br />
Paterson, an entirely different person. "It does<br />
not appear," Messrs. Innes say, "that Mr. Pater-<br />
son passed this title-page for press himself."<br />
The Saturday Review has again changed<br />
hands, the Earl of Hardwicke having acquired the<br />
controlling interest of Mr. Frank Harris. The<br />
new editor will bo Mr. Harold Hodge, barrister,<br />
who is connected with the firm of Sothcby,<br />
Wilkinson, and Hodge, the well-known book<br />
dealers.<br />
Mr. David Williamson is to edit the Puritan,<br />
a new magazine for Free Churchmen, which will<br />
be started shortly, with Mr. Bowden as pub-<br />
lisher.<br />
Mrs. Adeane, author of "The Girlhood of<br />
Maria Holroyd," is continuing the record of this<br />
lady as Lady Stanley of Alderley in a book to be<br />
published by Messrs. Longman.<br />
Mr. W. M. Rossetti contributes to the<br />
December number of the Pall Mall Magazine<br />
some unpublished fragments by his brother<br />
Dante Gabriel Rossetti.<br />
Mr. Bernard Wentworth, author of "The<br />
Master of Hullingham Manor," "Anti-Agnosti-<br />
cism," &c., has been commissioned by Mr. Garnet<br />
Wolseley Cox to write the libretto, in blank verse,<br />
of a new grand opera by Mr. G. W. Cox. Mr.<br />
Wentworth has lately been appointed to the staff<br />
of one of the leading Warwickshire papers, the<br />
Leamington Advertiser. A new short story by<br />
Mr. Wentworth appears in the Christmas number<br />
of that journal, entitled "Estebau Cortes,"<br />
a tale of Spain and the late Spanish-American<br />
war.<br />
"Excursions in Comedy," a small volume of<br />
dramatic sketches by Mr. William Toyubee, has<br />
just been published by Mr. H. J. Glaisher, of<br />
57, Wigmore-street, who also announces a volume<br />
of verse by the same author, entitled "On Oaten<br />
Flute," of which a limited number was privately<br />
printed in 1897.<br />
Their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of York<br />
and the Duchess of Fife have both graciously<br />
accepted copies of a new book for children entitled<br />
"A Story Book for Lesson Time," or a child's<br />
first English grammar. The volume has recently<br />
been published by Messrs. Constable and Co.<br />
On the 11th of the current month CasseWs<br />
Saturday Journal will commence the serial pub-<br />
lication of a modern novel of adventure by Mr.<br />
John Bloundelle-Burton, this being the first<br />
present day romance which the author has pro-<br />
duced for ten years. In it Mr. Bloundelle-Burton<br />
returns to the locality of some of his earlier<br />
stories, viz., the region of the West Indies, he<br />
having chosen British Honduras for his scene. It<br />
will be entitled "A Bitter Birthright," and will<br />
also be produced serially in the United States at<br />
the same time.<br />
"The Cardinal's Page," James Baker's new<br />
novel, was only issued on the 12th November, but<br />
the first edition is gone and a second is now being<br />
sent out.<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 190 (#202) ############################################<br />
<br />
190<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
"Divil-May-Care," a new novel by Miss May<br />
Crommelin, has just been published by Messrs.<br />
F. V. White and Co. This novel deals with<br />
adventures in Ulster, and some of the magic<br />
and folklore of the peasantry, interspersed with<br />
rather sensational, but, as we are assured, true<br />
stories.<br />
"The New Far East," by Arthur Diosy (Vice-<br />
Chairman of the Council of the Japan Society),<br />
with a map and illustrations from special designs<br />
by Kuboto Beisen, of Tokio, has just been pub-<br />
lished by Messrs. Cassell and Co.<br />
Mr. E. M. Garnier, author of "The History of<br />
the Landed Interest,'' "Annals of the British<br />
Peasantry," &c., has token to historical fiction,<br />
and Messrs. Harper and Brothers have just pub-<br />
lished for him "His Counterpart," a romance<br />
dealing with the early life of John Churchill, first<br />
Duke of Marlborough.<br />
A novel, by Mrs. Neville Walford, called " Until<br />
the Dawn," is now ready for publication, and<br />
will shortlv be issued by Messrs. Chapman and<br />
Hall.<br />
Within three weeks of its publication by<br />
Messrs. Chapman and Hall, a German edition of<br />
Mr. A. Eedcote Dewar's book, " From Matter to<br />
Man," was called for. The eminent German<br />
scientist Professor Ludwig Biicherer, of Darm-<br />
stadt, has undertaken to be editor.<br />
Mr. W. B. Lappin, the Irish author, well known<br />
in the Emerald Isle for his descriptive scene paint-<br />
ing and "special" article work, is just now engaged<br />
on a new novel entitled "Mad Mag," the scenes of<br />
which are laid in the author's native province of<br />
"the black north," added to a mythical continental<br />
creation.<br />
The Christmas number of Household Words<br />
contains a story entitled "The Warning Bell,"<br />
by Mrs. do Courcy Laffan (Mrs. Leith Adams).<br />
About the last week in January a volume of<br />
collected stories, by the same writer, will be<br />
published in six-shilling volume form by Messrs.<br />
Digby, Long, and Co., of 18, Bouverie-street.<br />
The initial story gives the title to the book,<br />
"Accessory Before the Fact," and will be illustrated<br />
by Mr. Trevor Haddon, R.B.A. Early in the<br />
spring a serial by Mrs. Laffan, entitled "The<br />
Vicar of Dale End," will commence to run in<br />
Household Words; and a series of papers, run-<br />
ning in the Oakleaf— the magazine of the ist<br />
Battalion "Cheshire" Regiment, now quartered<br />
in the Deccan—will assume volume form, under<br />
the title of "Regimentol Memories." "Georgie's<br />
Wooer "—a story by Mrs. Laffan that has had a<br />
great vogue in America—where the publishers<br />
are Messrs. Harper and Co., of New York—.<br />
appears this week in the popular cheap series<br />
entitled "The Welcome Librarv," published by<br />
Mr. F. White, of Bedford-street. Strand.<br />
Mr. Stephen Wheeler has been authorised by<br />
Lady Graves Sawle to publish a final selection<br />
from Walter Savage Landor's correspondence<br />
with the sister and niece of Rose Aylmer.<br />
Messrs. Duckworth will publish the volume.<br />
A movement is being made to secure a Civil<br />
List pension or a grant for the family of the late<br />
Mr. Gleeson White. The friends of Mr. White<br />
are in the meantime raising a subscription, sub-<br />
scribers to which are asked to communicate with<br />
Mr. H. R. Hope-Pinker, 22, Avonmore-road,<br />
West Kensington.<br />
An appeal is also made to friends and the<br />
public on behalf of the widow and four children<br />
of the late Mr. Harold Frederic . The hon.<br />
secretory and treasurer of this fund is Mr. W. J.<br />
Fisher, 88, St. George's-square, S.W.<br />
A meeting of subscribers for the Liverpool<br />
memorial to Mrs. Hemans will be held at the<br />
Common Hall, Hackins Hey, Liverpool, on the 6th<br />
inst. It is expected that a sum of ^6135 will be<br />
available, and the meeting will decide what form<br />
the memorial shall take.<br />
A movement is on foot to erect a statue of<br />
Byron in Aberdeen city, which is, of course, inti-<br />
mately associated with the poet's early days.<br />
Subscriptions to the fund are being received by<br />
the City Chamberlain, Town House, Aberdeen.<br />
A Lever Society is being formed in London<br />
for the purpose of interchanging views and<br />
opinions concerning his novels, and also with the<br />
intention of getting together material for a new<br />
Life of Lever. Anyone who has any documents<br />
or letters, or who can supply any reminiscences<br />
of Lever, or who is interested in the man and his<br />
works, is invited to communicate with the hon.<br />
secretary of the Lever Society, Mr. Arthur Dana,<br />
67, Guilford-street, Russell-square, W.C.<br />
The 150th anniversary of Goethe's birthday<br />
occurs this year, and it is proposed to erect a<br />
statue of the poet in Strasburg, at whose college<br />
he studied.<br />
A monument to the memory of Mathilde Blind<br />
was unveiled at Finchley Cemetery a few weeks<br />
ago, in the presence of a large gathering of<br />
friends of the late poet.<br />
The second number of the Windmill, an<br />
illustrated quarterly of literature and art, contains<br />
a short paper by Vernon Gibberd, on " Periodical<br />
Literature. "The advertising agent," says the<br />
writer, " is fast beeouiing a more important per-<br />
sonage than the literary contributor, for upon<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 191 (#203) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
him more than upon the buyers must the pro-<br />
prietors rely, not only for the sources of the cost<br />
.of production, but also for the means of profit."<br />
"But there are higher things in art than novelty,"<br />
"and it is to vindicate the dignity of literature<br />
and the honour of art that certain literary and<br />
artistic quarterlies have at different times<br />
made their appeal, not so much to the reading<br />
public as to the lovers of literature and the appre-<br />
ciators of art." The writer continues :—.<br />
In some degree they may be said to represent a revolt,<br />
and it is perhaps their misfortune that so many of the B. P.<br />
regard all rebellion as immoral. Their voice has been lifted<br />
no against convention and conservatism, in art and litera-<br />
ture, against arbitrary standards and dogmatic conventions.<br />
If they have attempted the impossible it is that they might<br />
attain a high point in the possible. They at least formed<br />
a medium for the newer spirit to make itself articulate, and<br />
the cynicism of the Philistine that "in these days men<br />
mount to fame on a Fallout Book article " covers the truth<br />
that writers before denied a hearing have by subsequent<br />
appreciation justified their literary existence.<br />
We understand that Mr. Stanley Lane Poole,<br />
author of the volume recently published in the<br />
"Heroes of the Nations " series by G. P. Putnam<br />
and Sons, entitled " Saladin: and the Fall of the<br />
Kingdom of Jerusalem," has just been appointed<br />
Professor of Arabic in the University of Dublin.<br />
Mrs. Molesworth has been writing in Chambers's<br />
Journal (December) on story-writing for the<br />
young, which, she says, " is yet a different thing,<br />
almost a different art, from that of writing for<br />
adults." It is necessary to become in some sense<br />
a chilil again, yet one must retain one's older<br />
experience and greater wisdom, for there is so<br />
much to be avoided:—<br />
All suggestion of many of the sadder facts of our com-<br />
plex human nature, which, though learnt they must be when<br />
the boy and girl become man and woman, it would be cruel<br />
as «ell as sinful to teach prematurely; all elements of<br />
suspiciousness, of distrnstfulness of others—above all, of<br />
those whom onr darlings naturally look up to and revere;<br />
all painting in too gloomy colours of this life, sorrow-<br />
burdened, even almost hopelessly tragic as it often seems to<br />
us—till, as the " eventide" approaches, with a wonderful<br />
return to the faithful child nature, we come to believe again<br />
in the " light " as the reality—all these rocks and shoals of<br />
danger and injury must be steered clear of with perfect skill.<br />
For " humbug" in any form is quickly detected by children;<br />
many points a child's story-teller must be content to evade,<br />
simply to leave untouched upon, never to tell untruths<br />
about.<br />
Those who have studied the subject will feel<br />
especially the force of what Mrs. Molesworth calls<br />
"the important distinction which should be drawn<br />
between writing about and writing for children."<br />
Miss Ehoda Broughton's new story, "The Game<br />
and the Candle," begins in the January number<br />
of Temple Bar.<br />
The identity of C. E. Raimond, the author of<br />
'The Open Question" (and other earlier novels),<br />
has been disclosed as Miss Elizabeth Robins, a<br />
lady well known in various Ibsen role*.<br />
Mrs. John Richard Green is writing a history<br />
of England, designed principally for use in<br />
schools.<br />
Mr. Neil Munro's new Higland story, "The<br />
Paymaster's Boy: His Fancy, His Love, and<br />
Adventures," begins its course as a serial in the<br />
January number of Good Words.<br />
Sir Willi *m Harcourt (according to the Man-<br />
chester Guardian) is likely to employ his increased<br />
leisure in a work which he has long had in his<br />
mind, and for which he has been collecting<br />
materials for some years. This is a study of the<br />
life and political career of Henry St. John,<br />
Viscount Bolingbroke, the great Tory statesman<br />
of Queen Anne's reign.<br />
Sir George Trevelyan is publishing through<br />
Messrs. Longman in a few days the first part of<br />
his new work " The American Revolution (1766-<br />
1776)." In his preface, the author says he is<br />
aware that an expectation exists among those who<br />
have read "The Early History of Charles James<br />
Fox" that he would carry on the account of that<br />
statesman's life from the point at which he<br />
dropped it eighteen years ago. When the con-<br />
sideration of the project was seriously approached,<br />
it became evident that the difficulties of writing a<br />
political biography, as distinguished from a<br />
political history, were in this case insuperable.<br />
The story of Fox between 1774 and 1782 is in-<br />
extricably interwoven with the story of the<br />
American Revolution. What was done and<br />
spoken at Westminster cannot be rightly ex-<br />
plained, nor the conduct of British public men<br />
fairly judged, without a clear and reasonably<br />
detailed account of that which occurred contem-<br />
poraneously beyond the Atlantic. The story of<br />
the times in which Fox lived and wrought has<br />
hitherto been told as it presented itself to the<br />
author; and he trusts that his telling of it may<br />
interest others sufficiently to encourage him in<br />
continuing it.<br />
A writer in the Medical Press and Circular<br />
has been remonstrating with novelists ou the<br />
absence of births from the incidents of their<br />
books. The proportion of births to deaths in<br />
fiction is placed at one to ninety-six; and the<br />
writer has therefore no difficulty in predicting<br />
that the world of fiction will at this rate be de-<br />
populated in eleven years or so. Particular<br />
reference is made to Mr. Marion Crawford's<br />
works, in which there are nin-ty-oue deaths and<br />
seven marriages, but only two obstetrical inci-<br />
dents; whde Mr. Anthony Hope's "Prisoner of<br />
Zenda" has on an average five deaths to a<br />
chapter, but not a birth in the whole book.<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 192 (#204) ############################################<br />
<br />
192<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
"Is the Modern Novel Helpful or Harmful to<br />
Morality ?" is the subject of a paper by Dr. Johu<br />
Clifford, M.A., in Great Thoughts for Dee. 31.<br />
His discussion of the question may be reduced<br />
to a simple statement that there are novels which<br />
do and novels which do not help in making the<br />
best men and women. In classifying faulty types<br />
from the point of view of moral progress, the<br />
writer places those novels wherein it is insinuated<br />
that wealth is the fount of virtue—" I thiuk I<br />
would be a good woman if I had .£5000 a year,"<br />
said Becky Sharp; an observation which Dr. Clif-<br />
ford describes as the hackneyed text for "book<br />
after book." The second objection is to the treat-<br />
ment of tragedies of love, as to which the writer<br />
says:—<br />
To paint a man puling- and whining because be has fallen<br />
in love with another man's wife and cannot marry her, is<br />
bad Art and bad Ethics combined. Why not sketch a man<br />
pnling and whining because he cannot steal £ 10,000 with-<br />
out risking the prison, or because he cannot appropriate a<br />
few aores of land he would like to have? Such a novel<br />
menaces the strength of the will. It takes the iron out of<br />
the blood. It gives the rein to passion, and imperils the<br />
man, the home, and the State.<br />
Even in these respects, however, Dr. Clifford<br />
thinks the Modern Novel advancing; and, apart<br />
from his objections, "we gladly recognise," he<br />
says, "but we can never repay, our debt to the<br />
Modern Novel."<br />
The dinner of the Anglo-African Writers' Club<br />
took place on Dec, 21, in the Grand Hotel,<br />
London, Mr. H. Rider Haggard presiding. Mr.<br />
Bryce, the honorary president, delivered a speech<br />
on colonial possibilities in literature. If, he said,<br />
we had understood our colonies of North America<br />
in 1776 they would have been our colonies still,<br />
and if better results had come in la'e years it<br />
was largely because by literature and personal<br />
communications the two nations knew each other<br />
better. He did not think it idle to suppose that<br />
the time would come when the literary activity of<br />
our colonies themselves might be far more<br />
abundant and powerful than now. At present<br />
they were in the state of bringing things into<br />
order and developing the agencies of commerce,<br />
and the time for literature had perhaps hardly<br />
yet come. The time, however, might come when<br />
the literary activity of the English race would be<br />
largely replenished by the assistance of our<br />
fellow countrymen beyond the seas, aud he<br />
pointed out that this had been in some measure<br />
anticipated in the International and Colonial<br />
Copyright Act of 1886.<br />
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.<br />
Smollett and the Preface.<br />
CAN any reader of The Author inform the<br />
undersigned in what book occurs a passage<br />
to the effect that " A preface, according to<br />
Tobias Smollett (?), is something which, though<br />
usually put at the beginning of a book, ought<br />
really to come at its end?" A somewhat similar<br />
passage occurs in the preface to " Waverley," but<br />
that is not the one to which I refer. H. Ha.es.<br />
A Question of Form.<br />
"The world-customer — with the polyglot<br />
German at one elbow with his cheapness, and the<br />
American at the other elbow with his smartness<br />
—is now beginning to leave the Englishman, to<br />
his but 110 one's else astonishment." This is<br />
a sentence from a recent article in the Saturday<br />
Jtecieir.<br />
May I inquire which is the correct form-—no<br />
one's else or no one else's? T.<br />
OBITUARY.<br />
MR. WILLIAM BLACK died on the even-<br />
ing of Saturday, Dec. 10, at his resi-<br />
dence, Paston House, Brighton. Over-<br />
work had affected Mr. Black's health during<br />
three or four years; about September the illness<br />
took a terious form, and for the last few weeks<br />
of his life he suffered from brain fever. Born<br />
in Glasgow in 1841, Mr. Black studied art at the<br />
Government Art School there for two years, and<br />
then turned into journalism. He left the staff<br />
of the Glasgow Weekly Citizen in 1864 to come<br />
to London, where he joined the late Morning<br />
Star, and had for colleagues Mr. Morley, Mr.<br />
McCarthy, Sir Edward Russell, and Mr. Charles<br />
Cooper. In the same year he published "James<br />
Merle: an Autobiography," and after serving his<br />
paper in the capacity of war correspondent in the<br />
Prusso-Russian War of 1866, Mr. Black wrote<br />
for the Echo and afterwards for the Daily Neves,<br />
occupying for four years the post of assistant-<br />
editor of the latter journal. He also edited the<br />
Examiner for a short time. "Love or Marriage,"<br />
which he came to dislike, was published in 1867,<br />
"In Silk Attire," two years later, but attracted<br />
very little attention: Mr. Black's first great success<br />
was achieved in 1871 with "A Daughter of Heth."<br />
"A Princess of Thule," issued in 1873, found<br />
Mr. Black's reputation established, and since<br />
then stories came from his pen at the rate of<br />
about one each year, and everything he wrote<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 193 (#205) ############################################<br />
<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
i93<br />
found a ready public. His books were so often<br />
laid in tbe Scottish Highlands that this part of<br />
the world was recognised as his particular field,<br />
whose atmosphere and scenery he loved so well<br />
and presented so vividly to his readers. It is<br />
only necessary to name "Macleod of Dare,"<br />
"The Strange Adventures of a Phaeton," " White<br />
Heather," "Far Lochaber," "Briseis," and his<br />
last novel, published last year, " Wild Eelin," to<br />
1 all up in one's mind the wholesome characteris-<br />
tics of Mr. Black's work and the deep feeling for<br />
Nature which it exhibits. Mr. Black did not<br />
occupy the public eye much except through his<br />
novels. He was accustomed to seek recreation in<br />
his favourite sport of salmon-fishing on Highland<br />
lochs, and to think out his plots during solitary<br />
perambulation on the sea front at Brighton.<br />
The late Mrs. Haweis was the author of "The<br />
Art of Beauty," "The Art of Decoration,"<br />
"Chaucer for Children," and other books, includ-<br />
ing a novel dealing with the problem of divorce,<br />
entitled "A Flame of Fire." Mrs. Haweis, who<br />
was the wife of the Rev. H. R. Haweis, did much<br />
journalistic work, including London correspon-<br />
dence for the Sydney Herald, and was deeply<br />
devoted to the causes of higher education for<br />
women and female enfranchisement. She had<br />
been in failing health for some time, and died at<br />
Bath five weeks ago.<br />
The late Mr. John L. Owen was well known<br />
and popular in journalistic circles in London.<br />
His books include "The Great Jekyll Diamond,"<br />
"Piccadilly Poems," and "Seven Nights with<br />
Satan," the last being published only a few weeks<br />
since. Mr. Owen died after an illness lasting<br />
several months.<br />
SOME SAYINQS IN 1898.<br />
BUT with regard to the general public, the<br />
reader of a review article finds it impos-<br />
sible to escape from the authority of the<br />
editorial " we," and the power of a single writer<br />
to benefit or to injure an author is so great that<br />
none but the most deeply conscientious men ought<br />
to enter the ranks of the anonymous reviewers.—<br />
Alhenseum.<br />
If you would succeed as an author, be one and<br />
nothing else. If you can beg, borrow, or steal as<br />
much as .£50 a year, cut yourself off from every-<br />
thing and write.—Julian Croskey on the results<br />
of his experience (in the New Century Review).<br />
I think our friends the publishers should try<br />
publishing books somewhat cheaper.—Mr. Bryce.<br />
The novel at a guinea-and-a-half died hard in<br />
this country ; the novel at 5*. or 6*. still cumbers<br />
the earth.—Daily News.<br />
Our bookstalls are flooded with works of fiction<br />
mostly written by women—often ungrammatical,.<br />
largely worthless in character, and wholly devoid<br />
of any reasonable interest.—Daily Telegraph.<br />
The spread of a certain education, the constant<br />
cheapening of production, and the rapid expan-<br />
sion of the means of distribution to all the world,,<br />
have substituted for a small and cultured public<br />
an immense audience whom no man can number<br />
but who ask only to be amused.—Daily<br />
Chronicle.<br />
THE BOOKS OF THE MONTH.<br />
[Nov. 23 to Dec. 22—445 Books.]<br />
Abell, H. F. History of Kent. 6/- Ashford: Kentisli Ej-preu.<br />
Abercromby, Hon. John. The Pre- and Proto-Historic Finns. 21/-<br />
not. Nutt.<br />
Addy, S. O. Erolution of the English House. 4/6. Sonnenschein.<br />
Alexander, Mrs. The Cost of Her Pride. 6/- White.<br />
Allen, Grant. Flashlights on Nature. 6/- Newnes.<br />
Allen, Grant. Linnet. A Bomance. 6 - Bichards.<br />
Andrews, O. W. Hand-book of Public Health, Laboratory Work,<br />
<fcc. Part I. 2/6 net. Portsmouth: Charpentler.<br />
Anonymous (*' A. H. S."). Lessons in Line for Little Learners. 5/-<br />
Stock.<br />
Anonymous I" A. V."). Olivette, snd other Poems. 1/- neu<br />
Burleigh.<br />
Anonymous (" B. V."). Ten Days at Monte Carlo. 2/- Heinemann.<br />
Anonymous. Early Recollections of a Journalist, 1832-1859.<br />
Edinburgh: A. Elliot.<br />
AnonymousO'G. M. S."). Glory. 1/- Nelson.<br />
Anonymous (••G. W."). The Life of Charles Alan Smythies. 4,-<br />
Universltles Mission Office.<br />
Anonymous. Sursum Corda: A Defence of Idealism. 3/6.<br />
Macmillan.<br />
Anonymous (•' T "). World Politics. 5/- Low.<br />
Anonymous. The Book of the Cambridge Beview, 1879-1897. 5/- net.<br />
Macmillan and Bowes.<br />
Anstey, F. Love among the Lions. 2/- net. Dent.<br />
Apologist, An (cd.). Epic of Humanity; or, Quest of the Ideal,<br />
7/6. Paul.<br />
Arnold, Sir E. The Queen's Justice. 3/6. Burleigh.<br />
Ashbee, 0. E. (tr.). The Treatises of Benvenuto Cellini on Gold-<br />
smithing and Sculpture. 35/- net. Arnold.<br />
Aspinwall, Alicia. The Echo-Maid, and other Stories. 5/- Shaw.<br />
"Aster." The Bridge of Light. 2 6. Gay.<br />
Aubrey, F. Strange Stories of the Hospitals. 1/- Pearson.<br />
Austin, J. A. Manual of First Aid. 3/6. Low.<br />
Bailey, H. J. S. Stray Verses. 2/6. Stock.<br />
Baker, Mtb. Woods. Swedish Foster Brothers. 1/- Nelson.<br />
Banks, C. B. All Sorts and Conaitions of Women. 6/- Stock.<br />
Barclay, Isabella. The Way the World Went Then. 4/- Stanford.<br />
Barlow, George. History ot the Dreyfus Case. 10,6. Simpkin.<br />
Bartholeyns, A. O'D. Legend of the Christmas Bose. 2/6. Hurat.<br />
Barwise, S. The Purification of Sewage. 5/- Lockwood.<br />
Beaven, E. W. Bcmnancy. 5/- Stockwell.<br />
Bedford, W. Love Triumphant. 2/6 Stock.<br />
Beeching, H C. (ed.). Christmas Vorse. Selections. 3 6. Methuen.<br />
Befort, R. Johnny Crapaud and His Journals. 1 - Regent Press.<br />
Bell, R. S. Warren. Bachelorland. 6/- Bichards.<br />
Benn, A. W. The Philosophy of Greece. 6 - Bii hards.<br />
Bennett, E. N. The Downfall of the Dervishes. 3, 6. Methuen.<br />
Bennett, W. H. On Varix. 3/6. Longman.<br />
Bernard, J. H. Via Domini. 6. Hodder.<br />
Bertin, L. E. Marine Boilers. 18/- Murray.<br />
Besant, Walter. South London. 18 - uhatto.<br />
Binsttad, A. M. Gals' Gossip. 3/6 Sands.<br />
Binyon, Laurence. Second Book of London Visions. 1/- net.<br />
Mnthews.<br />
Binyon, Laurence. Western Flanders. 42/-net. Unicorn Presb.<br />
Bismarck, the Man and the Statesman: Autoblography. 32/-<br />
Suiitii and E.<br />
Black, J. Saxon's Everybody's Guide to Carpentry. 6d. Russell.<br />
Blakiston, H. E. D. Trinity College. 5/- net. Bohinson.<br />
Blew, W. C. A. The Quorn Hunt and Its Masters. 21/- net.<br />
J. C. Nimmo.<br />
Blok, P. J. History of the People of the Netherlands. Part I. 12,6.<br />
Putnam.<br />
Blount, G. Our Dailv Bread. 12 6. Peasant Arts Society.<br />
Blount, G. The Song of the Sower. 7 6. Peasant Arts Society.<br />
Boland, Msry A. The Century Invalid Cookery Book. 3 6. Unwin.<br />
<br />
<br />
## p. 194 (#206) ############################################<br />
<br />
i94<br />
THE AUTHOR.<br />
Bourget, P. (tr. by W. Merchant). Some Portraits of Women. 6/-<br />
Downey.<br />
Bradfleld, M. B. Songs of Faith and Hope and Love. 2/6.<br />
C. H. Kelly.<br />
Bradley, A. Gh Highways and Byways in North Wales. 6/-<br />
Macmillan.<br />
Bradley, C. The Reminiscences of Frank Glllard (huntsman) with<br />
the Belvoir Hounds, 1860-1896. 15/- Arnold.<br />
Bradhhaw, Mrs. A. S. The Gates of Temptation. 2/6. Greening.<br />
Bridgelt, T. K. Sonnets and Epigrams on Sacred Subjects. 3/6.<br />
Burns and 0.<br />
Briggs, H. B. Recent Research in Plainsong. 3/-<br />
Vincent, Berners-street.<br />
Bright, E. B. and Bright. O. Life Story of the late Sir Charles<br />
Tilston Bright. 63/- net. Constable<br />
Bright, W. Some Aspects of Primitive Church Life. 6/- Longman.<br />
Britten, F. J. On the Springing and Adjusting of Watches. 3/- net.<br />
Spon.<br />
Brooke, S. A. The Ship of the Soul. 1/6. Clarke.<br />
Brown, C. G. The Offices of Holy Communion, Baptism, and Con-<br />
firmation. 2/- Simpkin,<br />
Brown, Vincent. The Romance of a Ritualist. 6.'- Lane.<br />
Browning, Oscar. Charles XII. of Sweden. 6/- Hurst.<br />
Brunker, H M. E. Questions on Organisation and Equipment—G.<br />
2/6. Clowes.<br />
Buchanan. R. The New Rome: Poems and Ballads. 6/- Scott<br />
Buckman-Linard, Sara. My Horse, My Love. 3/6. Unwin.<br />
Budge, E. A. W. (ed.) The Contendings of the Apostles. Ethiopia<br />
Text, now first edited from MSS. In the B. M. 21/- net. Frowdfl.<br />
Bullen, F. T. The Cruise of the Cachalot round the World after<br />
Sperm Whales. 8'6. Smith and E.<br />
Bull, J B. (tr. by M. R. Barnard). Fridtjof Nansen. 2/6 Ishieler.<br />
Burrows, Guy. The Land of the Pigmies. 21/- Pearson.<br />
Calderford, M. Willie. 1/- Sonnenschein.<br />
Carlyle, Thomas (ed. by A. Carlyle). Historical Sketches of Notable<br />
Persons and Events in the Reigns of James I. and Charles I.<br />
10,6. Chapman.<br />
Carpenter, A. L. Edmund: a Metrical Tale. 2/6. Stock.<br />
Carpenter, O. R. (ed.). American Prose. 7 ii. Macmillan.<br />
Cesaresco, Countess E. M. Cavour. 2/6. Macmillon<br />
Chamisso, A. (Intro, by J. Jacobs). Peter Schlemihl. 3/6. G. Allen.<br />
Chetwynd, Hon. Mrs. H The Member's Wife. 6/- Pearson.<br />
-Chignell, R. Life and Paintings of Vicat Cole, R.A. 63/- Cassell.<br />
Clarke, Annie. Light Amid the Shadows 2/- Nisbet<br />
Clarke, H. W. Romanism without the Pope in the Church of<br />
England 4/6 net H. W. Clirke.<br />
Clarke, C. The Portrait of a Woman. 1/- White.<br />
Clowes, \V. L., and others. History of the Royal Navy. Vol. III.<br />
25/- net. Low.<br />
Coil man, J. An American Transport in the Crimean War. 3/6.<br />
Academy Office.<br />
Coleridge, Christ *bel. The Main Chance. 6 - 'Hurst.<br />
Connor, R. Black Rock: A Talc of the SeUirks. 6/- Hudd?r.<br />
Constable, H. S. Ireland from One or Two Neglected Points of<br />
View. 1/- Liberty Review Pub. Co.<br />
Conybeare, F. C. The Dreyfus Case. 3,6. G. Allen.<br />
Cornewail-Jones, R. J. The British Me roh int Service. 14/- Low.<br />
Cotton, J. S.(od). The Practical St itutes of the Session 1898 8/- Cox.<br />
Coulson, F. fl. A Jester's Jingles. 2,6. Skeffington.<br />
Craddock, 0. E. The Juggler A Novel. 6/- Gay.<br />
Crane, Walter. A Floral Fantasy in an Old English Garden. 10/6.<br />
Harper.<br />
Crommelin, May. Divil-May-Care, alias Richard Burke. 6/- White.<br />
C'rozier, J. Beat tie. My Inner Life 14- Longman.<br />
Collingwood, S. D. Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll 7/6<br />
Unwin.<br />
Coniparetti, D. (tr. by I. M. Anderton) The Traditional Poetry of<br />
the Finns. 16/- Longman.<br />
Darby, J. L. Ch stcr Cathedral. 1/- net. Ishister.<br />
Davidson, J. The Last Ballad, and Other Poems. 4,6 net. Lane.<br />
Davies, F. The Romano-British City of Silchester. Andrews<br />
Davis, N. N. Military Dialogues. 3 <> Sands.<br />
Day, L. F. Alphabets Old and New. :i ii net. Batsford.<br />
Deaus, J. (ed. by O. L Trlggs). Tales from the Totems of Hidery.<br />
7/6 net. Sands<br />
De Burgh, A. Elizabeth, Empress of Austria. 6 - Hutchinson.<br />
Deems, C. E. The Gospel of Spiritual Insight. ;i/6. Simpkin.<br />
Deland, Margaret. Old Chester Tales. 6/- Harper.<br />
Dene, Stazel. The < lortchen: A Tale of an Arran Glen. 3/6.<br />
Digby.<br />
Dennis, John (Introduction by). English Lyrics from Spenser to<br />
Milton. 6/- Bell.<br />
De Paravicini. Life of St. Edmund of Ahingdon. 6/- Burns and O.<br />
Dcvemer, Ch. M. van (tr. by R. A. Lehfeldt) Physical Chemistry for<br />
Beginners. 2/6. Arnold.<br />
Dilke, Sir Charles W. The British Empire. 3/6 Chatto.<br />
Dill, S. Roman Society in the Last Century of the Western Empire.<br />
12/-not. Macmillan.<br />
Dimond, T. S. An Experimental Course of Chemistry for Agricultural<br />
Students. 2 ii. Arnold.<br />
DiuRy, A. The New Far East. 16 - Cassell.<br />
Donisthorpe, W. Down the Stream of Civilisation. 6/- Newnes.<br />
Donn, R. Songs and Poems in the Gaelic Lang-iage. (New edition,<br />
with several new poems.) 6/- Nntt.<br />
Drummond-Norie, W. Loyal Lochabcr and Its Associations. 10/6 net.<br />
M orison.<br />
Duckworth, L. Law Relating to English Newspaper Press. 1.'- net.<br />
E. Wilaon.<br />
Duckworth, Sir D. The Influence of Character and Right Judgment<br />
in Medicine. 2/6. Longman.<br />
Dudley. E. C. Diseases of Women 21/- net. Kimpton.<br />
Duka, T. Kossuth and Gorgei. An Historical Essay. Hertford:<br />
Austin.<br />
Dymond, T. S. An Experimental Course of Chemistry for Agricul-<br />
tural Students. 2/6. Arnold.<br />
Edgar, J. D. Canada and Its Capital. 10/6. Gay.<br />
Edwardes, C. Shadowed by the Gods. 6/- Sands.<br />
Edwards, J. Treatise concerning the Religious Affections. 2/6.<br />
Melrose.<br />
Elliott, W. G. (ed.). Amateur Clubs and Actors. 15/- Arnold.<br />
Ellis, E. S. The Daughter of the Chieftain. 1/6. Cassell.<br />
Ellis, E. S. Cowmen and Rustlers. 1/6. Cassell.<br />
Ellis, E. S. Wolf Ear, the Indian. 1 Cassell.<br />
Estella, Dicgo de (tr. by H. W. Pereira). Meditations on the Love of<br />
God. 3/6. f'.urnsand O.<br />
Evans, S. In Quest of the Holy Groal. 3/6. net. Dent.<br />
Everard, G. ted.). The Starry Crown. Sketch of the Life Work of<br />
Harriet E. H. Urmston. 5/- Hodder.<br />
Everett-Green, E. The Mystery of Alton Grange. 1/6. Nelson.<br />
Everett-Green, E. Gladys or Gwenyth? 1/6. Nelson.<br />
Fairfield, C. Some Account of George William Wilshere, Baron<br />
Brain well of Hever. lo/-net. Macmillan.<br />
Falconleri, St. Juliana: Her Life. Ed by Rev. F. Soulier. 5 -<br />
Burns and O.<br />
Falkner, J. M. Moonfleet. 6/- Arnold.<br />
Fen wick, Mrs. The Bad Family, and other Stories. 16. Richards.<br />
Field, L. F. Introduction to the Study of the Renaissance. 6/-<br />
Smitb and E.<br />
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