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Title
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The Author
Subject
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<em>The Author</em>
Description
An account of the resource
A digitised run of the Society of Authors' monthly periodical, <em>The Author</em>, 1890<span>–</span>1914, made available together for the first time.<br /><br />Currently users can browse issues and <a href="https://historysoa.com/items/browse?search=&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bjoiner%5D=and&advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=51&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Index&collection=&type=&tags=&exhibit=&date_search_term=&submit_search=Search+For+Items&sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CTitle">indices</a> (not available for all volumes). Full text search for all issues, and other additional search functionality, will be added in 2022.
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1890–1914
Identifier
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The-Author-Issues
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Date
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1900-07-02
Volume
11
Issue
2
Pages
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17–40
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19000702
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The Author.
(The Organ of the Incorporated Society of Authors. Monthly.)
CONDUCTED BY WALTER BESANT.
VOL. XI.—No. 2]
JULY 2, 1900.
[PRICE SIXPENCE.
...
17
CONTENTS.
PAGE
PAGE
Memoranda ...
Notes from America ...
... ... ... 28
The Incorporated Society of Authors-Scheme for Pension Fund 18 Annual Dinner of the Incorporated Society of Authors
Literary Property-.
Thirteen Years Ago ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 31
1. Trade Methods ...
Correspondence -1. Auxiliary Literary Work. 2. Concerning
2. The Copyright Act and the Five Gratis Copies
Books for Boys. 3. Royalties. 4. Author and Publisher. 5.
3. The Stamping of Agreements
** A Torn-out Page," " by" Dora Russell...
4. Copyright Secured by Publication and S
5. Altering without the Author's Consent...
Book and Play Talk...
Books and Reviews ... ...
Paris Notes. By Darracotte Scott
... ... ... ... ... ... 35
27 Obituary ...
Notes and News. By the Editor ...
... ...
... ... ... ...
PUBLICATIONS OF THE SOCIETY.
1. The Annual Report. That for the past year can be had on application to the Secretary.
2. The Author. A Monthly Journal devoted especially to the protection and maintenance of Literary
Property. Issued to all Members, 6s. 6d. per annum. Back numbers are offered at the
following prices : Vol. I., 108. 6d. (Bound); Vols. II., III., and IV., 88. 6d, each (Bound);
Vols. V. to VIII. (Unbound), 6s. 6d.
3. Literature and the Pension List. By W. MORRIS COLLES, Barrister-at-Law. Henry Glaisher,
95, Strand, W.C. 38.
4. The History of the Société des Gens de Lettres. By S. SQUIRE SPRIGGE, late Secretary to
the Society. 18.
The Cost of Production. In this work specimens are given of the most important forms of type,
size of page, &c., with estimates showing what it costs to produce the more common kinds of
books. Henry Glaisher, 95, Strand, W.C. 28. 6d. (Out of print at present.)
6. The Various Methods of Publication. By S. SQUIRE SPRIGGE. In this work, compiled from the
papers in the Society's offices, the various forms of agreements proposed by Publishers to
Authors are examined, and their meaning carefully explained, with an account of the various
kinds of fraud which have been made possible by the different clauses in their agreements.
Henry Glaisher, 95, Strand, W.C. 38.
7. Copyright Law Reform. An Exposition of Lord Monkswell's Copyright Bill of 1890. With
Extracts from the Report of the Commission of 1878, and an Appendix containing the
Berne Convention and the American Copyright Bill. By J. M. LELY. Eyre and Spottis-
woode. Is. 6d.
8. The Society of Authors. A Record of its Action from its Foundation. By WALTER BESANT
(Chairman of Committee, 1888—1892). 18.
9. The Contract of Publication in Germany, Austria, Hungary, and Switzerland. By ERNST
LUNGE, J.U.D. 28. 6d.
10. The Addenda to the "Methods of Publishing." By G. HERBERT THRING. Being additional
facts collected at the office of the Society since the publication of the “ Methods." With
comments and advice. 28.
11. Forms of Agreement issued by the Publishers' Association ; with Comments. By G. HERBERT
THRING, and Illustrative Examples by Sir WALTER BESANT. IS.
## p. 16 (#38) ##############################################
ADVERTISEMENTS.
The Society of Authors (Incorporated).
PRESIDENT.
GEORGE MEREDITH.
COUNCIL,
SIR EDWIN ARNOLD, K.C.I.E., C.S.I. AUSTIN DOBSON.
Sir Lewis MORRIS.
J. M. BARRIE.
A. CONAN DOYLE, M.D.
HENRY NORMAN.
A. W. À BECKETT.
A. W. DUBOURG.
Miss E. A. ORMEROD.
ROBERT BATEMAN.
Sir MICHAEL FOSTER, K.C.B., F.R.S. GILBERT PARKER.
F. E. BEDDARD, F.R.S.
D. W. FRESHFIELD.
J. C. PARKINSON.
SIR HENRY BERGNE, K.C.M.G.
RICHARD GARNETT, C.B., LL.D. A. W. PINERO.
SIR WALTER BESANT.
EDMUND GOSSE.
THE Right Hon. THE LORD PIR.
AUGUSTINE BIRRELL, M.P.
H. RIDER HAGGARD.
BRIGHT, F.R.S.
THE REV. PROF. BONNEY, F.R.S. THOMAS HARDY.
Sir FREDERICK POLLOCK, Bart., LL.D.
THE RIGHT HON. JAMES BRYCE, M.P. ANTHONY HOPE HAWKINS.
WALTER HERRIES POLLOCK.
THE RIGHT HON. THE LORD BURGH. JEROME K. JEROME.
E. ROSE.
CLERE.
J. SCOTT KELTIE, LL.D.
W. BAPTISTE SCOONES.
HALL CAINE.
RUDYARD KIPLING.
Miss FLORA L. SHAW.
EGERTON CASTLE, F.S.A.
PROF. E. RAY LANKESTER, F.R.S. G. R. SIMS.
P. W. CLAYDEN.
THE RIGHT Hon. W. E. H. LECKY, S. SQUIRE SPRIGGE.
EDWARD CLODD.
M.P.
J. J. STEVENSON.
W. MORRIS COLLES.
J. M. LELY.
FRANCIS STORR.
THE HON. JOHN COLLIER.
THE REV. W. J. LOFTIE, F.S.A. WILLIAM MOY THOMAS.
SIR W. MARTIN CONWAY.
SIR A. C. MACKENZIE, Mus.Doc. MRS. HUMPHRY WARD.
F. MARION CRAWFORD.
PROF. J. M. D. MEIKLEJOHN.
Miss CHARLOTTE M, YONGB.
THE RIGHT Hon. THE LORD CURZON THE REV. C. H. MIDDLETON-WAKE.
OF KEDLESTON.
Hon. Counsel – E. M. UNDERDOWN, Q.C.
COMMITTEE OF MANAGEMENT.
Chairman-A. HOPE HAWKINS.
A. W. À BECKETT.
J. SCOTT KELTIE, LL.D.
GILBERT PARKER.
SIR WALTER BESANT.
J. M. LELY.
E. Rose.
EGERTON CASTLE, F.S.A.
HENRY NORMAN.
FRANCIS STORR.
D. W. FRESHFIELD.
'SUB-COMMITTEES.
ART.
Hon. John COLLIER (Chairman). I SIR W. Martin Conway.
M. H. SPIELMANN
COPYRIGHT.
A. W. À BECKETT.
A. HOPE HAWKINS.
J. M. LELY.
W. M. COLLES.
GILBERT PARKER.
DRAMA.
HENRY ARTHUR JONES (Chairman). I F. C. BURNAND.
A. W. PINERO.
A. W. À BECKETT.
SYDNEY GRUNDY.
EDWARD ROSE.
Solinitore_ FIELD, ROSCOE, and Co., Lincoln's Inn Fields.
G. HERBERT THRING, 4, Portugal-street.
Secretary-G. HERBERT THRING.
OFFICES : 4, PORTUGAL STREET, LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS, W.C.
A. P. WATT & SON,
LITERARY AGENTS,
Formerly of 2, PATERNOSTER SQUARE,
Have now removed to
HASTINGS HOUSE, NORFOLK STREET, STRAND,
LONDON, W.C.
THE KNIGHTS and KINGS of CHESS. By the Rev. MHE ART of CHESS. By JAMES MASON. Price 58.
GA. MACDONNELL, B.A. Price 28. 6d. net.
net, by post 58. 4d
London: HORACE Cox, Windsor House, Bream's-buildings, E.C. London: HORACE Cox, Windsor House, Bream's-buildings, E.C.
## p. 17 (#39) ##############################################
The Author.
(The Organ of the Incorporated Society of Authors. Monthly.)
CONDUCTED BY WALTER BESANT.
Vol. XI.—No. 2.]
JULY 2, 1900.
[PRICE SIXPENCE.
For the Opinions expressed in papers that are (6.) Not to bind yourself for future work to any publisher.
signed or initialled the Authors alone are - As well bind yourself for the future to any one solicitor or
doctor!
responsible. None of the papers or para-
graphs must be taken as expressing the
III. THE ROYALTY SYSTEM.
collective opinions of the Committee unless
It is above all things necessary to know what the
proposed royalty means to both sides. It is now possible
they are officially signed by G. Herbert
for an author to ascertain approximately and very nearly
Thring, Sec.
the truth. From time to time the very important figures
connected with royalties are published in The Author.
Readers can also work out the figures themselves from the
“ Cost of Production.”
M HE Secretary of the Society begs to give notice that all
T remittances are acknowledged by return of post, and IV. A COMMISSION AGREEMENT.
requests that all members not receiving an answer to The main points are :-
important communications within two days will write to him (1.) Be careful to obtain a fair cost of production.
without delay. All remittances should be crossed Union (2) Keep control of the advertisements.
Bank of London, Chancery-lane, or be sent by registered (3.) Keep control of the sale price of the book.
letter only.
GENERAL.
All other forms of agreement are combinations of the four
Communications and letters are invited by the Editor on
above mentioned.
all subjects connected with literature, but on no other sub-
Such combinations are generally disastrous to the author.
jects whatever. Articles which cannot be accepted are
Never sign any agreement without competent advice from
returned if stamps for the purpose accompany the MSS.
the Secretary of the Society.
Stamp all agreements with the Inland Revenue stamp.
Avoid agreements by letter if possible.
The main points which the Society has always demanded
GENERAL MEMORANDA.
from the outset are :-
(1.) That both sides shall know what an agreement
means.
UT ERE are a few standing rules to be observed in an
(2.) The inspection of those account books which belong
1 agreement. There are four methods of dealing
to the author. We are advised that this is a right, in the
with literary property :-
nature of a common law right, which cannot be denied or
I. THAT OF SELLING IT OUTRIGHT.
withheld.
This is in some respects the most satisfactory, if a proper
price can be obtained. But the transaction should be
managed by a competent agent, or with the advice of the WARNINGS TO DRAMATIC AUTHORS.
Secretary of the Society.
II. A PROFIT-SHARING AGREEMENT (a bad form of 1. N EVER sign an agreement without submitting it to
agreement).
N the Secretary of the Society of Authors or some
In this case the following rules should be attended to :
competent legal authority.
(1.) Not to sign any agreement in which the cost of pro.
2. It is well to be extremely careful in negotiating for
duction forms a part without the strictest investigation.
the production of a play with anyone except an established
(2.) Not to give the publisher the power of putting the
manager.
profits into his own pocket by charging for advertisements 3. There are three forms of dramatic contract for PLAYS
in his own organs : or by charging exchange advertise. IN THREE OR MORE ACTS :
ments. Therefore keep control of the advertisements.
(a.) SALE OUTRIGHT OF THE PERFORMING EIGHT.
(3.) Not to allow a special charge for “ office expenses,"
This is unsatisfactory. An author who enters
unless the same allowance is made to the author."
into such a contract should stipulate in the con-
(4.) Not to give up American, Colonial, or Continental
tract for production of the piece by a certain date
rights.
and for proper publication of his name on the
(5.) Not to give up serial or translation rights.
play-bills.
VOL. XI.
D 2
## p. 18 (#40) ##############################################
18
THE AUTHOR.
Secretary will always be glad to have any agreements, now
or old, for inspection and note. The information thus
obtained may prove invaluable.
4. Before signing any agreement whatever, send the pro-
posed document to the Society for examination.
5. Remember always that in belonging to the Society you
are fighting the battles of other writers, even if you are
reaping no benefit to yourself, and that you are advancing
the best interests of literature in promoting the indepen.
dence of the writer.
6. The Committee have now arranged for the reception of
members' agreements and their preservation in a fireproof
safe. The agreements will, of course, be regarded as con-
fidential documents to be read only by the Secretary, who
will keep the key of the safe. The Society now offers :-(1)
To read and advise apon agreements and publishers. (2) To
stamp agreements in readiness for a possible action upon
them. (3) To keep agreements. (4) To enforce payments
due according to agreements.
THE READING BRANCH.
(6.) SALE OF PERFORMING RIGHT OR OF A LICENCE
TO PERFORM ON THE BASIS OF PERCENTAGES
on gross receipts. Percentages vary between
5 and 15 per cent. An author should obtain a
percentage on the sliding scale of gross receipts
in preference to the American system. Should
obtain a sum in advance of percentages. A fixed
date on or before which the play should be
performed.
(c.) SALE OF PERFORMING RIGHT OR OF A LICENCE
TO PERFORM ON THE BASIS OF ROYALTIES (i.e.,
fixed nightly fees). This method should be
always avoided except in cases where the fees
are likely to be small or difficult to collect. The
other safeguards set out under heading (b.) apply
also in this case.
4. PLAYS IN ONE ACT are often sold outright, but it is
better to obtain a small nightly fee if possible, and a sum
paid in advance of such fees in any event. It is extremely
important that the amateur rights of one act plays should
be reserved.
5. Authors should remember that performing rights can
be limited, and are usually limited by town, country, and
time. This is most important.
6. Authors should not assign performing rights, but
should grant a licence to perform. The legal distinction is
of great importance.
7. Authors should remember that performing rights in a
play are distinct from literary copyright. A manager
holding the performing right or licence to perform cannot
print the book of the words.
8. Never forget that American rights may be exceedingly
valuable. They should never be included in English
agreements without the author obtaining a substantial
consideration.
9. Agreements for collaboration should be carefully
drawn and executed before collaboration is commenced.
10. An author should remember that production of a play
is highly speculative: that he runs a very great risk of
delay and a breakdown in the fulfilment of his contract.
He should therefore guard himself all the more carefully in
the beginning
11. An author must remember that the dramatic market
is exceedingly limited, and that for a novice the first object
is to obtain adequate publication
As these warnings must necessarily be incomplete on
account of the wide range of the sabject of dramatic con.
tracts, those authors desirous of further information are
referred to the Secretary of the Society.
CEMBERS will greatly assist the Society in this
branch of their work by informing young writers of
its existence. Their MSS. can be read and treated
as a composition is treated by a coach. The term MSS.
includes not only works of fiction but poetry and dramatic
works, and when it is possible, under special arrangement,
technical and scientific works. The Readers are writers of
competence and experience. The fee is one guinea.
NOTICES.
T HE Editor of The Author begs to remind members of the
Society that, although the paper is sent to them free
of charge, the cost of producing it would be a very
heavy charge on the resources of the Society if a great
many members did not forward to the Secretary the modest
68. 6d. subscription for the year.
Communications for The Author should be addressed to
the Offices of the Society, 4, Portugal-street, Lincoln's-inn
Fields, W.C., and should reach the Editor not later than the
21st of each month.
All persons engaged in literary work of any kind, whether
members of the Society or not, are invited to communicate
to the Editor any points connected with their work which
it would be advisable in the general interest to publish.
The present location of the Authors' Club is at 3, White-
hall-court, Charing Cross. Address the Secretary for
information, rules of admission, &c.
HOW TO USE THE SOCIETY.
1. TA VERY member has a right to ask for and to receive
advice upon his agreements, his choice of a pub.
lisher, or any dispute arising in the conduct of his
business or the administration of his property. If the
advice sought is such as can be given best by a solici.
tor, the member has a right to an opinion from the
Society's solicitors. If the case is such that Counsel's
opinion is desirable, the Committee will obtain for him
Counsel's opinion. All this without any cost to the member.
2. Remember that questions connected with copyright
and publisher's agreoments do not generally fall within the
experience of ordinary solicitors. Therefore, do not scruple
to ase the Society
3. Send to the Office copies of past agreements and past
accounts with the loan of the books represented. The
THE INCORPORATED SOCIETY OF AUTHORS.
-SCHEME FOR PENSION FUND.
1. INHE fund is established for the purpose
of providing pensions for authors in
need of such assistance, and for no
other purpose.
2. Contributions to the fund may be either by a
single donation or by a donation spread over three
or more years, or by an annual subscription.
## p. 19 (#41) ##############################################
THE AUTHOR.
19
3. All donations and not less than two-thirds which such candidate is to be proposed, and the
of the annual subscriptions (after deducting the nomination of each such candidate shall be sub-
working expenses) shall be added to the capital scribed by at least three members of the Society.
of the fund and invested. The remainder of the A list of the names of the candidates so nominated
annual subscriptions with the income from invest. shall be sent to the members of the Society with
ments shall be devoted to the payment of pensions the annual report of the managing committee, and
or to the purchase of annuities to satisfy pensions those candidates obtaining the most votes at the
already granted.
general meeting shall be elected to serve on the
4. The granting of pensions shall be in the Pension Fund committee.
discretion of a committee to be called the Pension 10. The secretary of the Society shall act as
Fund Committee of the Incorporated Society of the secretary of the Pension Fund committee.
Authors, and such committee shall consist of the 11. For the purpose of granting or refusing a
chairman of the managing committee of the pension five members of the Pension Fund com-
Society, and six other members of the Society, of mittee shall be a quorum, but for any other busi-
whom three shall be elected by the managing ness three members shall be a quorum of such
committee and three by the members of the committee.
Society at the annual general meeting.
12. All receipts in respect of the Pension Fund
5. One of the members of the Pension Fund shall be forthwith paid into an account to be
Committee elected by the managing committee of kept in the names of three trustees, who shall be
the Society, and one of the members elected by members of the society and shall be called the
the members of the Society shall retire at the Pension Fund trustees. The first Pension Fund
annual general meeting in each year. As between trustees shall be nominated by the managing com-
two or more members of the Pension Fund Com- mittee of the Society, and new trustees shall from
mittee elected by the same body, the member who time to time be appointed with the approval of
has been longest in office shall retire, and for this such managing committee.
purpose the period of office of each member shall 13. All payments in respect of pensions or
be computed from his last election. As between working expenses, and all investments of the
two or more who have been in office an equal Pension Fund shall be made by the Pension
length of time, the member to retire shall in Fund trustees with the approval of the Pension
default of agreement between the members con- Fund committee. All cheques on the account of
cerned be determined by ballot. A retiring the trustees shall be signed by two trustees and
member of the committee shall be eligible for countersigned by the secretary, or in his absence
re-election.
by a member of the Pension Fund comunittee.
6. The Society at any general meeting at 14. The amount of any pension shall be not less
which a member of the Pension Fund committee than £25 nor more than £100 per annum.
retires as above-mentioned, shall fill up the 15. Membership of the Society of Authors
vacancy by electing a member in his place, and shall not give any right to a pension, but pensions
may fill up any other vacancy among members shall be granted to members of the Society only,
appointed by the Society.
and such members (if in other respects qualified
7. If at any general meeting of the Society at as hereby required) shall become eligible for pen-
which the election of a member of the Pension sions as follows:-
Fund committee ought to take place such (1) For pensions to be granted in the years
member shall not be elected, the managing com-
1901 to 1905, members of the Society
mittee may fill the vacancy by the election of a
having become such not later than March 1,
member of the Society not being a member of the
1901, and so continuing to the date of their
managing committee.
application.
8. Any casual vacancy occurring on the Pension
For pensions to be granted in the years
Fund committee may be filled by the managing
1906 to 1912, members of the Society
committee of the Society, but any person so
having become such not later than March 1,
chosen to fill the place of a member appointed by
1902, and so continuing to the date of their
the members of the Society shall hold office only
application.
until the next annual general meeting of the
For jensions to be granted after the year
Society.
1912, members of the Society who have
9. Any candidate for election to the Pension
been such members for not less than ten
Fund committee by the members of the society
clear years before the date of their appli-
(not being a retiring member of such committee)
cation, and so that for this purpose such
sball be nominated in writing to the secretary at
ten years of membership need not be
least three weeks prior to the general meeting at
continuous.
## p. 20 (#42) ##############################################
20
THE AUTHOR.
Provided that any person who is otherwise quali. Pension Fund committee may cancel or suspend
fied for a pension, but has ceased to be a member his pension.
of the Society before the date of his application, 22. The granting of a pension shall not impose
may in the discretion of the managing committee any personal liability whatever on any member of
of the Society be re-elected a member without the Society or of the managing committee or of
further payment, and thereupon shall become the Pension Fund committee or on the trustees,
eligible for a pension.
but every pension shall be deemed to be payable
· 16. No pension shall be granted to any person only out of the income available for that purposé.
under the age of sixty years, so long as suitable 23. If at any time hereafter the Pension Fund
candidates of the age of sixty years or upwards should reach an amount sufficient in the judg-
shall present themselves. Provided that a pension ment of the Pension Fund committee to meet all
may be granted to a person of less age if and claims reasonably likely to be made upon it in
while he shall in the opinion of the Pension Fund future, and if such committee shall pass a resolu-
committee be totally incapacitated for work' by tion to that effect and the managing committee of
reason of illness or accident.
the Society shall concur in such resolution, then
17. In granting or refusing pensions the the Pension Fund committee may either (a)
Pension Fund committee shall consider not only cease to receive any further subscriptions to the
the necessities of the applicant, but also the fund unless and until additional needs arise, or
merit of his work; and, other matters being (6) apply the whole or any part of the annual
equal, long and continuous membership of the subscriptions (although in excess of one-third of
Society shall be considered a recommendation, such subscriptions) to the payment of pensions or
18. The application for a pension need not be the purchase of annuities for pensioners or the
made by the applicant personally, but may be increase of any pensions or annuities already
presented on his behalf by any two members of the granted or purchased, but the powers conferred
Society. Provided that any person whose name by this clause shall not be exercised unless the
is so presented shall, if requested by the Pension amount of the fund for the time being be not
Fund committee, signify in writing his willingness less than £20,000.
to accept a pension if granted, and if he shall 2 4. The Pension Fund committee shall have
refuse so to do, his application shall not be enter power to make and from time to time vary bye-
tained.
laws for regulating applications for pensions and
19. All applications for pensions shall be for otherwise carrying out the purposes of this
deemed contidential, but the names of the scheme.
recipients of pensions and the amounts granted 25. Any of the provisions of this scheme may
shall be stated in The Author.
from time to time be varied by a resolution of
20. Except as otherwise provided in rule 16, all the trustees and the Pension Fund committee
pensions shall be tenable during the life of the sitting together, but no such variation shall
pensioner or until he shall become a bankrupt or take effect unless and until the same shall be
shall alienate, charge, or incumber his pension or confirmed by a resolution of the managing com-
some part thereof, but the Pension Fund com- mittee of the Society. Provided always that the
mittee may at any time in their absolute discretion Pension Fund shall at all times hereafter be
discontinue any pension for either of the following administered by the committee, consisting of
reasons:
members of the Incorporated Society of Authors.
(a) If the pensioner's conduct shall, in the Settled on behalf of the Incorporated Society
opinion of such conimittee, be such as of Authors by George Cave, Lincoln's-inn, May 31,
would disqualify him from membership of
1900, and finally approved by the managing com-
the Society.
mittee of the Society at the meeting of the
(6) If such committee shall be satisfied that
committee on Monday, June 18, 1900.
the pensioner is in receipt of an indepen-
G. HERBERT THRING, Secretary.
dent income sufficient for his support.
21. Any pensioner may at any time be required
by the Pension Fund committee to make a statu-
tory declaration stating that he has not alienated,
charged, or incumbered his pension or any part
thereof, and also (if required) stating that he is
not in receipt of any independent income or
specifying the amount of such income, and in the
event of any pensioner refusing or neglecting on
request to make such statutory dcclaration, the
## p. 21 (#43) ##############################################
THE AUTHOR.
21
LITERARY PROPERTY.
rather thau at the lower percentages for the
benefit of the author. This is business.
I.-TRADE METHODS.
Closely analogous to this case is the example
TN these columns have been exposed month of the deferred royalty-a frequent method of
after month the more flagrant tricks producing works of fiction. The difference, how-
practised upon authors, chiefly by means of ever, is that in the latter case the agreement, to
agreements the nature of which they do not the eye of the expert, is bad from the beginning.
understand. Let us now consider how an agree- A publisher, through long experience, knows
ment which seems fair may be rendered futile by the average sale. He knows the amount likely
the methods of the publisher in handling the work to be taken on subscription of a book of this kind
or in administering the author's property.
brought out from his house.
In many instances the publisher is only He assures the author that, owing to the risk
anxious to turn over his money, making 15 or 20 of production, he cannot afford to pay a royalty
per cent. on the transaction, and has no real on a number of copies, and accordingly gets x
interest either in the property on which he is number of copies free. Owing to this fact, it is
supposed to be conscientiously working or in the arranged to the author's satisfaction that a pro-
desires of the public before whom he poses as a portionately higher royalty shall be paid on copies
patron. It is perhaps not altogether bis fault, it sold above the fixed number. Alas! poor author,
is his hereditary instinct. Curiously enough, he never gets his higher royalty ; the accounts
this cause of anxiety is often disastrous to the come in, and he is disappointed. He does not
author. .
know the trade of infanticide, but the guilty
An author undertakes the writing of a bio. party is sometimes discovered and his tricks
graphy, and enters into an agreement with the divulged. The distribution of the type in the
publisher to produce the book, subject to a certain first case shows the passive neglect of the infant
royalty, the royalty to be raised after the sale of for want of proper care and nourishment; and in
copies of the book.
the second case the use of an active agent in its
In making this kind of contract, the author, destruction. In the first example, the result is
having full confidence in his agent, believes that brought about by bad judgment and carelessness;
the book will be pushed for all it is worth, and in the second, by intentional bad faith.
the business managed for his benefit. The T he next example is not one of frequent occur.
publisher, however, before entering into the con rence, but is extremely interesting as the result-
tract has made up his mind that the book will not namely, the turnover of the publisher's money
sell above the number on which the smaller at a sound percentage, and the cessation of profits
royalty is paid, and he bas also calculated that, to the author-is practically the same as in the
selling up to that number, it will pay him a hand cases quoted above; the motive is different, and
some return of 15 or 20 per cent on the capital it is not so much one of gain as of personal spite.
expended.
To obtain a satisfactory result, you must imagine,
An edition is printed accordingly, but the on the one hand, an author whose head is swollen
publisher's judgment is at fault. The edition to a size too large for his body; while, on the
sells out within six months, and there is still a other side, you must have a publisher who is
demand.
rather anxious to obtain the work of the author,
If the type is still standing it would barely pay as he kuows that the publication is a sound 20
more than 5 or 10 per cent. to push the book to per cent. investment. After a considerable
the sale of another 500 copies, taking into con amount of wrangling, in which the publisher's
sideration the higher royalty and further adver- temper has been upset by the author's cupidity,
tising. (Further advertising would be necessary, an agreement has been arrived at. The author
as the book has been allowed to drop from the is to receive a sum down in advance of royalties.
market for two or three weeks.)
The author thinks the sum far too small, con-
But the type is not standing. It has been sidering, in his opinion, the assured circulation of
broken up, so that the infallibility of the pub. the book.
lisher's judgment is necessarily confirmed, as it is The publisher, altogether put out, is glad to
impossible for another edition to sell. He has get off with such a small advance, and is deter-
made it impossible. It could not possibly pay him mined to show the author that, after all, the public
to re-set the type and print, so that in spite of are not overwhelmed with a desire to read his
mild remonstrances from the author the book deathless productions.
dies, a victim of infanticide.
Is it a paradox to kill a deathless production in
The publisher proceeds to turn over his capital its infancy? Infanticide, at any rate, paradox or
again at the higher percentage for his own benefit, not, supervenes. The book is produced, and
## p. 22 (#44) ##############################################
22
THE AUTHOR.
continues to sell until the sum advanced on complete his book on the same subject as the
royalties is covered. By this time, too, the result of his life's work. His mind is at once
publisher has earned his expected percentage on made up. He hurries to the office without
his capital. At once the house is drawn and the delay, writes a letter to the Professor asking him
infant's life is extinguished.
if he may have the honour of publishing his
The cause and effect can be clearly linked, as book.
the number at which the sale stops is damning The unfortunate author falls into the trap, and
evidence; but legal proof there is none. The in due course enters into a hard-and-fast agree-
publisher in his letters is full of regret.
ment, handing over to the publisher (according
A desire to study the accounts closely will often to the equitable agreement drafted by their asso.
produce a disastrous result, but a longing to see ciation) almost every right the author could
the “Day Book” will infallibly bring about a possibly possess, and at the same time binds him-
fatal ending.
self not to abridge the work or produce any other
The following example is also instructive. work which may interfere with the sale. The pub-
The same lesson can be drawn from it as froin lisher takes care that no such clause should fetter
all the others.
his action, as that would be ruinous to its success.
A publisher enters into a contract with a young The Professor goes to bed and thinks that he
author for the publication of his first book on a has toiled for years, and thus at length obtained
royalty basis, and in the agreement binds the the reward for his life's long labours. He wakes
author for a second book on the same terms. in due course, but only to find his only child
This is yery bad for the author, but he accepts, strangled at its birth. He weeps, and consults
sometimes through ignorance, sometimes through the publisher, who informs him that for some
nervousness, sometimes through indifference. unexplained reason the work has fallen flat, and
The first book comes out, and has a remarkable will not sell.
run for a first book. It certainly does not bring The Professor is unable, owing to the terms of
the author much return financially, as he is only his agreement, however much he may desire it,
being paid a small royalty after the sale of a fixed to publish elsewhere.
number of copies, but it is a really profitable But the publisher's copyright book still sells
investment for the publisher, as he sees a satis- briskly.
factory return in the present and great possi. The commercial instinct is a wonderful pos-
bilities in the future.
session. The British Empire is founded on it.
The second book is brought out in accordance
G. H. T.
with the agreement. The circulation is, however,
small compared with that of the first book. The To the above remarks, based upon actual
author is astonished and disappointed, but the experience, I append two cases, the first with the
tradesman knows. The circulation is sufficiently naines.
large to satisfy his mercantile spirit, and is kept In the year 1869-70, I, being then secretary of
sufficiently small to enable him to gain a third the Palestine Exploration Fund, and therefore
volume from the same pen on the same remune having my attention every day called to the
rative terms, for “as the second book has gone subject, arranged with the late Professor Palmer
so badly he with great regret is unable to make a to write a history of the city of Jerusalem from
better offer.”
the siege of Titus to modern times. He, for his
The eyes of the expert, however, sees the share, contributed the history from Moslem
inwardness of the mancuvre. The marks of the Historians : I, for my part, the history from the
murderer's fingers are on the throat of the infant. Crusaders' and Christian Chronicles. We devoted
The last example is perhaps the saddest of all, much time and labour to the work: the thing
as everyone knows the fondness of a parent for had never before been done: we hoped to produce
the child of his old age, and the old Professor a standard book. We intrusted it to Bentley and
who suffers is the victim of this cruel plot. Son on a half-profit system. An edition of a
It happens in this wise. A publisher has an thousand copies was printed, and the book was
excellent educational work on some special duly produced, making a very creditable appear-
subject. He has bought the copyright for a ance. The edition was completely sold out; an
small sum, and is pushing its sale to the utter account was rendered showing no profits; and we
most; it is selling in larger numbers than then learned, to our mortification, that the type
even B.'s famous novel “Balderdash.” But had been distributed and no moulds had been
he wakes up with the uncomfortable recollection made. I vainly urged upon the publishers the
that at a dinner the night before he had heard production of a second edition. Many years
Professor R— state that he was about to passed, I again pressed for the production of a
## p. 23 (#45) ##############################################
THE AUTHOR.
23
new edition. By this time Professor Palmer was
dead. The firm undertook to bring out a new
edition at last, subject to the condition that I
should guarantee 300 copies. I did so, and placed
the copies myself to prevent any possibility of
mistake. The book I afterwards, on the disap-
pearance of the firm, transferred to Messrs.
Chatto and Windus. It has gone through three
editions, I believe, since its revival.
The second instance is of a three-volume novel
Some years ago the author signed an agreement
by which he was to receive a very large royalty-.
think about 98. a copy-after 350 copies had been
sold. The worthy publisher printed 350 and then
distributed the type. This case has been already
mentioned in an early number of The Author.
W. B.
II.—THE COPYRIGHT ACT AND THE Five
GRATIS COPIES.
It will have been seen from the correspond-
ence of 1876 between the Royal Commissioners
on the one hand and the authorities of the
four privileged libraries of Oxford, Cambridge,
Edinburgh and Dublin on the other, which we
printed in the June Author, that Cambridge left
oft
the questions of the Commissioners unanswered,
that Oxford, though otherwise fully answering,
was silent as to the value of the privilege, only
stating the desire of the University to retain it,
“not merely in the interests of the University,
but for the sake of the public,” and that Edin.
burgh and Dublin agreed in putting the value
at not less than £1500 a year. It will now be
desirable to state shortly the history and present
effect of the statutory privileges of the five
libraries entitled to gratis copies — the British
Museum, so entitled absolutely, and the libraries
of Oxford, Cambridge, Dublin, and Edinburgh,
so entitled on written demand only, to be made
within a limited time.
The first Act, that of 1662, directed the printer
of every book to send one copy to the Royal
Library and one copy to each of the Vice-
Chancellors of Oxford and Cambridge Univer-
sities for the use of the public libraries there;
the second, that of 1709, which first gave statu-
tory copyright, directed nine copies to be delivered
at Stationers' Hall for the use of the Royal
Library, the Oxford and Cambridge Libraries, the
library of Sion College in London, the libraries
of the four Scotch Universities (of St. Andrews,
Glasgow, Aberdeen and Edinburgh), and “the
library commonly called the library belonging to
the Faculty of Advocates at Edinburgh respec-
tively.” In 1801, the Legislative Union with
Ireland having just been accomplished, an amend
VOL. XI.
ing Copyright Act directed the delivery of two
additional copies for the use of the libraries of
Trinity College and of the King's Inns, Dublin,
making eleven gratis copies in all.
In 1814 two great changes were made. The
British Museum, which had been founded in
pursuance of Sir Hans Sloane's will so far back
as 1759, first became entitled to a gratis copy,
taking the place of the Royal Library; and the
requirement of a demand on the part of all the
privileged libraries first made its appearance,
without any distinction, as at present, between
the British Museum and the other libraries. The
extensiveness of the privilege caused great dis.
satisfaction amongst publishers, and in 1818 a
Select Committee of the House of Commons
resolved :-
That it is desirable that so much of the Copyright Act as
requires the gratuitous delivery of every work should be
repealed except in so far as relates to the British Museum,
and that a fixed allowance in lien thereof should be granted
to such of the other libraries as may be thought expedient.
This resolution was founded upon a great mass
of evidence, Mr. Rees complaining of the
£955 168. which eleven copies of his Encyclo-
pædia might have been sold for, Mr. Baldwin
averring that he had lost in his general business
£1275 in four years, and so on.
Nothing was done, however, until 1836. In
that year, Mr. James Silk Buckingham, the
founder and first editor of the Athenæum news-
paper and a most voluminous writer, introduced
in a very learned speech a Bill to take away the
privilege from all the eleven libraries, and the
Copyright Act, which was the result, took away
the privilege from six of them—the libraries of
Sion College, of the four Universities of Scotland,
and of the King's Inns at Dublin.
The Act of 1836 had a preamble that-
The provisions of the said Act [of 1814 requiring
gratuitous delivery of eleven copies] have in certain rospects
operated to the injury of author and publishers, and have in
some cases checked or prevented the publication of works
of great utility and importance, and it is therefore expedient
that the said Act should be amended.
Parliament accordingly directed compensation
to be made to the six deprived libraries out of
the consolidated fund by annual payments to be
ascertained “according to the value of the books
which may have been actually received” by each
such library upon an average of the three years
ending June 30, 1836, it being also enacted
that-
The person of persons or body politio or corporate pro-
prietors or managers of the library for the use whereof any
Bach book would have been delivered, shall and they are
hereby required to apply the annual compensation hereby
authorised to be made in the purchase of books of literature,
science and the arts, for the use of and to be kept and pre-
served in such library : Provided always that it shall not
## p. 24 (#46) ##############################################
24
THE AUTHOR.
be lawful for the Treasury to direct the issue of any sum of Copies for four other Libraries if demanded.-
money for such annual compensation until sufficient proof A similar copy, printed on the paper of which the
shall have been adduced of the application of the money
largest number of copies are printed for sale, must
last issued to the purpose aforesaid.
be delivered
The words which we have italicised present not
On demand thereof in writing left at the abode of the
a few difficulties of construction. Clearly they
pablisher thereof at any time within twelve months next
impose some restriction upon the discretion of
after the publication thereof under the hand of the officer of
the library authorities. But what is it? The the Company of Stationers who shall from time to time be
term “ books ” seems to exclude all newspapers
appointed by the said company for the purposes of this Act,
and magazines, and no books of mere reference,
or ander the band of any other person thereto authorised
by the authorities of the Bodleian Library, Oxford, the
such as almanacs and directories, could be called
Public Library, Cambridge, the Library of the Faculty of
“ books of literature,” however useful they might Advocates, Edinburgh, the Library of Trinity College,
be to the student. But it would be difficult to Dublin.
exclude any novel whatever. Encyclopædias The copies are to be delivered-
might be helped in by their scientific articles, but
Within one month after demand made thereof in writing
the point is a doubtful one.
as aforesaid to the said officer of the said Company of
The sums payable to the six various libraries Stationers for the time being, which copies the said officer
were originally as follows: To the University of shall, and he is hereby required to receive at the ball of
St. Andrews, £630; of Aberdeen, £320; of
the said company for the use of the library, for which such
Glasgow, £707; and of Edinburgh. £575; to
demand sball be made within such twelve months as afore.
said, and the said officer is hereby required to give a receipt
King's Inns Library, Dublin, £433 6s. 8d.; and
in writing for the same and within one month after any such
to Sion College, £363 158. 2d. The two last book shall be so delivered to him as aforesaid to deliver the
named sums are still annually paid ; the compen- same for the use of such library.
sations to the four Scotch Universities became The publishers are authorised, if they prefer it,
merged some ten years ago by virtue of the to deliver the demanded books free of expense at
Universities (Scotland) Act 1889 in the much the libraries themselves to the librarians, and such
larger grant of £42,000 for the general purposes delivery is made equivalent to a delivery to
of the four Universities. This grant is divisible the officer of the Stationers' Company. The
amongst the four Scotch Universities in sbares, and
penalty for not delivering books pursuant to
for purposes as therein directed; the Act, how the Act is not more than £5 besides the value of
ever, specially providing that “the University of the undelivered book, recoverable either sum-
Aberdeen shall receive an annual sum of £320 marily before justices of the peace or by ordinary
for the purchase of books for the library of the action at the suit of the librarian, who, if
University.”
successful, is entitled to all costs reasonably
Lastly, we come to the Act of 1842, which incurred.
contains the present law of the subject in five It will be seen therefore (1) that the British
long and rather confused sections, the effect of Museum is entitled, without any demand, to a copy
which is shortly as follows:-
of every book published in the British dominions;
British Museum Copy.—A printed copy of the (2) that the four other libraries are entitled, but
whole of every book and of any subsequent on written demand only, to a copy of every book
edition published with any additions or altera published in the United Kingdom ; (3) that the
tions, printed on the best paper on which any demand may be made either by the Stationers'
copies are printed, must be delivered at the Company's officer or by an agent of the library
British Museum, on behalf of the publisher authorities; (4) that by whomsoever the demand
. Within one month after first publication, if the is made, the delivery must be made to the
first publication be within the bills of mortality; Stationers' Company's officer ; and (5) that it is
Within three months, if the first publication for the Stationers' Company's officer, and not any
be in any other part of the United Kingdom; other demanding agent, to deliver the books to
Within twelve months, if the first publication the four libraries, unless (6) the publishers
be in any other part of the British dominions. deliver the copies free of expense to the libraries
The italicised area—that of the “bills of direct.
mortality”-is indeed a strange one in an Act
so lively as the Copyright Act of 1842. The
III.—THE STAMPING OF AGREEMENTS.
“ bills" themselves died some sixty years ago. A point of some little importance in the
The City was always within them, and West stamping of authors' agreements may interest
minster soon became so, as also did Lambeth, you. A few days ago I sent an agreement, through
Stepney, and other metropolitan parishes, but the local stamp office, to be stamped at Somerset
St. Pancras and Marylebone were never included. House. It was an ordinary agreement to do
## p. 25 (#47) ##############################################
THE AUTHOR.
25
X.
om
A MEMBER.
certain work for a publisher, which would result, Law Courts, justifying his claims, generally for
in due course, in the production of a book, the the pecuniary benefit of his adviser or counsel.
copyright in which was to belong to the pub. Voilà tout ! Yes! Wiser is the poor Grub-street
lishers. I asked that it should be impressed tramp who, on achieving publication, spends his
with the ordinary agreement stamp of sixpence. 78. 6d. on a suitable banquet—not forgetting to
After three days came back a message requiring pour out a libation to the gods.
an additional 198. 6d., being the amount of the
J. S. LAURIE.
ad valorem duty on the sum which the publishers
were to pay me for my work. In other words, V.-ALTERING WITHOUT THE AUTHOR'S CONSENT.
the Inland Revenue claimed to treat the agree. I want to know what is (a) the law and (b) the
ment as an assignment of copyright.
custom of the trade (or profession) with regard
Now, to this contention there are just two fatal to altering without consent of the author the
objections: (1) that, by English law, it is im. signed articles in books of reference, guide-books,
possible to assign a thing which is not in existence, &c., in future editions.
and as my MS. was not even begun, I had, of I am supposing the author has made over all
course, no copyright to assign ; (2) that the copyright.
statute expressly contemplates assignment of I imagine that the whole question turns upon
copyright (by entry at Stationers' Hall) without the contribution being signed. Does it not ?
payment of stamp duty.
Although the regulations of the Oxford office
did not permit me to obtain the Somerset House
letter for study, I managed to express my objec-
PARIS NOTES.
tions to its claim to such effect that I have now
received an official intimation that the claim to
5, rue Chomel.
ad valorem duty will not be pressed.
MAURUS JOKAI, the celebrated
Hungarian novelist, is now visiting
Paris, accompanied by his young wife.
IV.--COPYRIGHT SECURED BY PUBLICATION AND This is his first visit since 1867. He has been
SALE.
warmly welcomed by his compatriots and the
In the daily Press of May 16 there is allu. brethren of his craft; and the Société des Gens
sion without question to Sir E. M. Thompson's de Lettres has given a banquet in his honour.
opinion that “ practically all published books Although M. Jokai numbers seventy-five years,
are registered at Stationers' Hall, and are thus well-counted, he is quite out of the running as
copyright.” I venture to doubt if more than regards age beside the “ beaux vieillards ” who still
25 per cent. of published books are registered at hold honoured places in the ranks of Parisian
all, and that for the simple reason that such regis- writers. M. E.Cormon-author of so many popular
tration confers no copyright, or, in point of fact, plays, and father of the well-known painter-is
similarly as letters patent, any privilege beyond in his ninety-second year. He is an assiduous
being the essential preliminary to litigation. theatre-goer, and was lately in evidence at a dress
Indeed, even this is permissible just before any rehearsal at the Théatre de la République, busily
action is entered ; and in a recent threatened suit engaged in superintending the revival of “ Une
I myself adopted this course successfully with refe. Cause Célèbre," the joint production of MM.
rence to a production fifteen years old. Seven and Adolphe d'Ennery and E. Cormon, success.
sixpence per work on all published books would fully performed at the Ambigu theatre a quarter
obviously yield a mine of vast wealth either to the of a century ago. (M. d'Ennery died in 1899, aged
Stationers' Corporation or any other official eighty-eight years, possessed of a fortune which
beneficiary, unconditionally on any material con- amounted in round figures to about £400,000.)
sideration whatsoever. The hardship of the MM. Aurélian Scholl and Paul Meurice, likewise,
invent is is infinitely worse, since pairate can see leave M. Jokai behind. The former resumes
and study any existing specification and procure his pen at intervals in dilatory virtuoso fashion.
another for himself by a slight alteration.
His senior, M. Paul Meurice, still compares
As I understand the matter after a life-long favourably in literary activity with a score of
experience, and the production of more than 100 modern authors. He is an ardent disciple of
genuine copyrights on which no fee has been paid, Victor Hugo, to boot; and recently presented
I fancy I am entitled to affirm that the sale of to the National Library a collection of over a
even a single volume across the counter con- thousand documents, photographs, &c., connected
stitutes publication. In case of dispute, why, the with the great French writer and his family. This
owner must either succumb or fight it out in the collection will shortly be open to the public.
## p. 26 (#48) ##############################################
26
THE AUTHOR.
ing. Only once in his life did he take part in the
latter sport, when he fired by mistake on a
gendarme, and was summoned for the offence.
AN EMINENT NONAGENARIAN.
But the doyen of the French Academy and the
“ beaux vieillards litteraires " is M. Ernest
Legouvé. His birth certificate is exbibited in the
Paris Pavilion at the Exhibition. It is dated
Monday, Feb. 16, 1807. M. Legouvé enjoys at
the present moment the full possession of all his
faculties. He is extremely keen on fencing, and
attributes his robust health to his diurnal twenty
or thirty minutes' practice with the foils.
“ The love of fencing," he asserts, “is not
merely a taste-it is a passion. C'est le jeu, avec
le vice en moins et la santé en plus !"
The eminent nonagenarian estimates his supple-
mentary achievements with unusual modesty.
“Although my plays have been represented six-
teen hundred times at the Comédie Française,”
he says, “I am neither a great poet nor a great
dramatist. But since I have applied my
dramatic and poetical faculty to teaching the
young, I have succeeded in writing lessons which
were not tiresome. I have spoken to youth in a
language which it has loved and understood.” This
is, perhaps, the success which M. Legouvé values
most highly. His latest work, issued a few
months ago, contains the lectures delivered to the
students at the Sèvres Normal School. At the
period when this volume was compiled its
author designed it for the closing memorial of
his long literary career. Several stray bints,
however, incline us to believe that M. Legouvé
has now another work on hand, which will appear
shortly.
M. JULES VERNE.
The plays and novels of M. Jules Verne are as
popular as ever. Their author has advantageously
renewed the contracts connected with his drama-
tised versions of “Michel Strogoff” and “Le
Tour du Monde.” He is at present engaged on a
new volume for the Extraordinary Voyage series.
If his wonderful fertility and health hold good
for a few more years, he will undoubtedly attain
what is generally asserted to be his grand
desideratum—viz., the publication of his hundredth
volume. M. Jules Verne is in his seventy-third
year. He lives quietly at Amiens, and patronises
a vegetarian régime. A slight limp, the result of
an accident many years ago, gives him a hesitating
gait, while his mild blue eyes and placid expression
appear evidence of a nature wholly at variance
with the wild adventurous types he delights in
creating. He formerly possessed a small yacht,
the Saint Michel, which never ventured itself in
rougher waters than those of the English Channel
and Mediterranean Sea. The author of “ Twenty
Thousand Leagues under the Sea" considers
fishing a barbarous amusement and detests hunt.
ACADEMY Prizes.
The French Academy has a varded the sum of
5000 francs (prix Alfred Née) to' M. Brieux for
his last graphic drama entitled “La Robe
Rouge.” The fortunate recipient is now engaged
in writing a new play entitled “La Petite Amie,"
whose details have not yet been made public.
Mme. Jean Bertheroy has been awarded 4000
francs (prix d'éloquence) for her essay on the
French poet André Chenier (1762-1794), while
M. Pierre de la Gorse has received 9000 francs
(prix Gobert) for his “Histoire du Second
Empire). A number of minor prizes have also
been awarded.
In order to encourage literary talent the Var
Academy at Toulon has announced its intention of
celebrating its centennial anniversary by a literary
competition on six given subjects. The prizes
will consist of valuable artistic objects, and the
winners' names and compositions will be inscribed
in the Golden Book which the Academy will
publish on that occasion. The manuscripts of the
unsuccessful candidates will not be returned.
This is certainly rather hard on the unsuccessful
candidates.
Rocks AHEAD FOR THE PUBLISHERS.
In deciding a dispute between two publishers,
the Civil Chamber recently gave some interesting
information which completely upset the current
illusion respecting the copyright of the title of a
paper. It distinctly stated that the property of a
journal's title could only lapse through non-
usage; but that the popular belief that a non-
usage of one vear was sufficient to annul such a
copyright was an erroneous idea, based on no
legal foundation. Whether editor and publisher
would alike be held responsible for the infringe.
ment of a similar copyright was not stated.
The latter is walking softly since the Third
Civil Chamber has abolished his immunity, and
rendered him liable for the articles printed under
his direction. The action brought by fifty-three
merchants, manufacturers, &c., against the pro.
prietors and editors of the Antijuif has led to
this commendable reform. “Granted,” said the
judgment, “that ... if Article 43 of the
law of July 29, 1881, enacts that the printer
cannot be penally pursued as an accomplice (in
virtue of Article 60 of the Penal Code referring
to printed matter) except in the event, and under
the conditions, foreseen by Article 6 of the law of
June 7, 1848, relating to riotous assemblages;
this law has only been framed from a penal point
## p. 27 (#49) ##############################################
THE AUTHOR.
37
of view, and is not intended to detract in any Poor “Caliban-Bergerat” cannot boast such
manner from the principles laid down by the good fortune. The fourth and last volume of his
Civil Law, which render each person responsible “Théâtre Complet d'Emile Bergerat” has just
for the prejudice caused by his fault, &c.” been issued by Ollendorff. Rarely has a writer
For which, and sundry other causes, the printing of equal merit been handicapped hy a more per-
society known as the Société Paul Dupont has sistent run of ill-luck than that which has for
been separately and jointly condemned with the years dogged the productions of the talented
proprietors and editors of the Antijuif to pay author of “ Plus que Reine." His fierce defence
damages amounting to twenty-eight thousand of the children of his brain make part of the
francs for injurious matter printed in the columns dramatic history of the period. In the preface
of the Antijuif. Wherefore the Israelites rejoice to the first volume of the “ Théâtre Complet,” M.
and the Philistines mourn.
Bergerat states that the publication of this work
represents thirty-five years of struggle—“not
CONTEMPORARY FEMINISM.
without courage, perhaps "—for theatrical life.
The publication of the “Vierges Fortes " series A little later he claims the glory of having
-comprising two novels respectively entitled invented the following three words, viz., Tripa-
“ Frédérique" and“ Léa ”-of M. Marcel Prévost, touillage, Cabotinville, Soireux, which, he says,
was quite a social event. The reason is obvious. have become national property, and sum up the
Both works deal in a masterly style with the entire history of the theatrical customs of his
burning question of contemporary Feminism, time. M. Rostand would probably entertain a
which is the prominent topic of the day. France different opinion.
DARRACOTTI Scott.
-or rather Paris-is witnessing the tidal rise of
the Feministic Era which England successfully
encountered, developed, and utilised several
decades ago. Everything worth reading on the
NOTES AND NEWS.
subject is eagerly perused. The “Femmes
Nouvelles ” of Paul and Victor Margueritte have
INHE annual dinner of the Women Writers was
just attained their twentieth re-edition (chez
held in the Criterion Restaurant on June 25.
Plon). Nevertheless, M. Prévost still remains
Mrs. Humphry Ward was president, and
the undisputed leader and apostle of the move-
among a large company were Mrs. Bishop, Mrs.
ment.
Hodgson Burnett, Miss Ellen Thorneycroft Fowler,
A recent article from bis pen in the Figaro,
Miss Beatrice Harraden, Dr. Margaret Todd, Mrs.
anent the author's right of publishing “ Le Secret
Clifford, Mrs. Campbell Praed, Miss Violet Hunt,
sentimental à deux," has given rise to some
and Miss Clo Graves. The meeting was most
piquant controversy between him and M. Gabriele
successful. In concluding an eloquent reference
D'Annunzio — whom his admirers here have
to the late Miss Kingsley, Mrs. Humphry Ward
surnamed “the Marcel Prévost of Italy.” The
latter took umbrage at a supposed reflection
Those true knights-errant of intelligence and pity, who
(in an article which he confessed he had not
thought no travail of mind and body too great to face if
read) questioning the good taste of his having only they might come at the truth and tell it, who wandered,
staged Madame Eleonora Duse, under the thin suffered, laaghed, and learned, who made a new wisdom of
disguise of the Foscarina's name, as the heroine
their fellows—it was of them that they might say in the
of his new novel, “ Le Feu,” which work is now
words of a true poet who was with them that night
"Out of danger, dreams, disasters,
appearing in serial form in the Revue de Paris.
They arise to be our masters.”
No such reflection had ever been made—at least, Small and thin was the true band of them in every age.
by M. Prévost. Matters were finally explained, One of its most honoured members assuredly was with them
and the susceptible Italian declared himself satis-
as she spoke, Mrs. Bishop; and of their inmost company
fied. The celebrity of the personages concerned
let them as women rejoice in it with pride that night was
Mary Kingsley.
has given undue notoriety to the incident.
The members of the Authors' Club held a
A DRAMATIC CONTRAST.
dinner on Monday, June 11, when Mr. E. F.
The health of M. Edmond Rostand is reported Knight, the correspondent of the Morning Post
to be completely re-established. According to who was wounded at Belmont, was the guest of
the theatrical returns published at the end of the evening, and Mr. Bloundelle-Burton, an old
May, the “ Aiglon” is making 11,000 francs friend of Mr. Knight, and the well-known author
a day, and “ Cyrano de Bergerac" 10,000 francs. of the “ Hispaniola Plate," was the chairman..
Whereby the lucky dramatist daily pockets a Mr. Bloundelle-Burton made a very interesting
royalty of 2500 francs—a princely revenue. speech with regard to Mr. Knight's career, and
VOL. XI.
said :
## p. 28 (#50) ##############################################
28
THE AUTHOR.
Mr. Knight in response gave a graphic description
of the fighting powers of Tommy Atkins and his
experiences during the battle of Belmont.
Mr. Frankfort Moore proposed the health of
the other guests, amongst whom was Mr. Charlton,
one of the engineer officers of H.M.S. Powerful.
Mr. Charlton gave a detailed account of the part
that the crew of the Powerful had taken in the
war from the time of their leaving Singapore.
There were about thirty members present, Mr.
Percy White, Mr. E. A. Morton, Mr. G. H.
Thring, Mr. Douglas Sladen, and Mr. M. H.
Spielmann being among the number.
On Monday, June 18, the Authors' Club held a
dinner to Lord Strathcona. There was a large
gathering. Mr. Robert Machray was in the chair.
In answer to the toast of his health Lord Strath-
cona gave some very interesting facts about his
connection with the Hudson Bay Company, and
that company's connection with the Empire, and
he ended his speech with a statement regarding
the enthusiasm of the Canadians in their action
in the present war. He stated that all the
Colonials were not so much fighting for the Mother
Country as fighting for themselves as part of the
Empire. His speech was enthusiastically received.
and dreary as the mines of Potosi. Yet from either there is
no return, and though little confident of finding content-
ment-happiness is too proud a term-I must work, I
believe, in those damp caverns till once the whole mind is
recast or the lamp of life has ceased to burn within it.
In the same collection was the following letter
from the Countess of Blessington :-
Since I first sent a book before the public I never,
directly or indirectly, asked for a notice of a book of mine.
I have hitherto been so fortunate as to have had my works
kindly treated by the Press, but this kind treatment would
have given me but little satisfaction had I owed it to any
solicitations of mine.
The following letter by Dr. Conan Doyle is taken
from the columns of the Daily Telegraph, to whose
veteran war correspondent in South Africa, Mr.
Bennet Burleigh, the letter was addressed. “As
I fear to spoil or transpose Dr. Conan Doyle's
graphic depiction of the event,” says Mr.
Burleigh, “I give it in his own words":
Brandfort, Monday, May 7.
My dear Barleigh, - ... and saw a little fight
beyond the Vet River. We had a curious adventure on the
way back, which might perhaps make a paragraph for a
letter if ever the great events run short. Langman and I
were riding back, and had reached the point where the
engagement was the day before, when a mounted Kaffi,
came across us, and told us that a wounded Englishman
had been deserted or overlooked, and was out some two or
three miles to the west on the veldt. We got him to guide
us, and set off in search. At last, in the middle of a large
clear space, we came across him, but he was dead. He was shot
in the stomach and through one arm, and had apparently bled
to death. He belonged to the New South Wales Mounted
Infantry, and had the initials “N. M'M." upon bis batand on a
silk handkerchief in his pocket. Horse and rifle were gone. A
carious detail was that his water-bottle lay beside him, and
on it was balanced a red chess pawn. The other chessmen
were in his haversack out of his reach. We laid the poor
fellow across my saddle and led the horse back to the road,
where we placed him under a telegraph post, and told the
officer of the next convoy, who promised to have him
decently buried.
Close to Brandfort we saw mounted and armed Boers on
a hill within half a mile of us. We were told that they
were Boers, and did not believe it, but this morning we
learn that they have been pursued. I suppose that they
thought we were too small game, but as we were unarmed and
apon tired horses, we were lucky to get past them.
A. CONAN DOYLE.
The President of the Argentine Republic has
accepted the adhesion of the Kingdom of Italy to
the Treaty of Montevideo-A South American
Copyright Union. Signor F. Foa discusses, in
an interesting article in the pages of our Italian
contemporary I Dritti d'Autore, the value to
Italian authors of this new international agree
ment. The advantages which it will confer do
not appear to be very great.
Lord Thring contributes an interesting article
on “The Copyright Bills, 1900," to the Nine.
teenth Century for June. The article is a plain
statement of facts. At its conclusion the author
remarks dryly, respecting the Bills, “Whatever
may be their demerits, they claim to have
reduced the law into an intelligible shape, in
which it is capable of being criticised by the most
unlearned of authors, and of being amended by
the most inexperienced of legislators.”
NOTES FROM AMERICA.
A letter written by Carlyle from Edinburgh
in 1821 was sold in London recently in the
collection belonging to the late Chevalier de
Chatelain. It was addressed to Dr. Allen, and
contained the following revelation of the philo-
sopher's mind-he was then only twenty-six :-
Literature is like money, the appetite increases by
gratification. The mines of literature, too, are unwholesome
LOLLOWING the evidence of publishers that
F there is an improving market for the
better class of books, the New York
Evening Post adds the testimony of the Hart-
ford (Conn.) Public Library, as given in the
president's annual report. From this it appears
that there has been a large gain in more serious
reading matter at the expense of tiction. As
compared with two years ago, novels have fallen
## p. 29 (#51) ##############################################
THE AUTHOR.
29
off 7 per cent., while sociology has gained about
8 per cent., the fine arts and history 11 per cent.
each, and biography 15 per cent.
A complete edition of the works of Mr. Thomas
Wentworth Higginson—who, at seventy-five, is
still active with his pen-is being prepared by
Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin and Co.
A new serial by Mr. Hamlin Garland has just
begun. It is a story of Western life, entitled
“The Eagle's Heart,” and deals with adventurous
life in cow towns and mining settlements.
Commenting on the recent financial difficulties
of Messrs. Appleton, the Sewanee Review for
April (Longmans) says:
Coming so soon after the Harper assignment, this notable
event in the publishing world calls special attention to the
fact that the pablisher of to-day does business on very
different lines from his predecessor. Production must now
be on a large scale if success is to be attained, and produc-
tion on a large scale means a big smash if affairs go wrong.
Local booksellers have long since gone to the wall; will
publishers go, too, leaving a trust monarch of all it surveys ?
We hope not.
The people of Northampton (Mass.) and dis-
tinguished guests from abroad have just erected a
memorial to Jonathan Edwards, the American
philosopher of the eighteenth century, and a
For the eighteenth century, and, a
proposal is made to issue a new edition of his
works.
" Janice Meredith” has been dramatised, the
rights of production going to Miss Mary Manner-
ing. Mr. Daniel Frohman will present“ Richard
Carvel ” in the coming season.
Ogilvie, Stuart
Skeat, The Rev. Professor
Parker, Louis N.
Smith, Dr. and Mrs. Barnett
Pinero, Mrs.
Sonnenschein, A.
Prinsep, Val
Thring, G. Herbert
Scott, Clement
Todd, Dr. Margaret
Senior, W.
Zangwill, I.
Shaw, Bernard
And many others.
The Chairman gave the toast of the evening,
and began his speech by an allusion to the losses
that letters had suffered through the deaths of Mr.
Ruskin, Dr. Martineau, Mr. R. D. Blackmore, and
Mr. G. W. Steevens. Proceeding, Mr. Pinero said :
This corporation of prominent literary men and
women to-night, for the first time in its history-
for the first time in the history of any modern
literary association-extends a kindly hand to the
poor hack-playwright. What is the reason, ladies
and gentlemen, underlying this generous and
gracious act on the part of the governing body of
your Society? I cannot tell you. I can only
indulge in surmise, in hypotheses. A vainer
person than myself might suppose that your
council is desirous of promoting a feeling of
fraternity, of establishing something approach-
ing a bond of equality between writers of books
and writers of plays. (Cheers.) But I cannot
think that; the assumption would be too arro.
gant. At the furthest, I can only believe that
certain members of your Council-grey-haired
men, perhaps, anxious to be at peace with the
world, even with playwrights; gentlemen of
acknowledged literary eminence, but possessed of
those normal feelings of compassion of which
writers of scholarly English are not necessarily
destitute—I can only believe that these gentlemen
have been impelled by a simple good-natured
impulse to bestow a passing pat-on-the-back upon
a poor, distant relative. (Laughter.) It may be
that I take too depressed a view of the whole
affair. It may be that the novelist is not only
gradually relaxing in his disdain for the drama,
but is applying himself assiduously to the task
of grasping the special conditions of dramatic
writing. It may be that in doing this he has
become possessed of the suspicion that these con-
ditions are exceptionally arduous, that they are
conditions requiring a wide and curious knowledge
of life and of manners, a rapid but assured touch
in the delineation of surface characteristics,
an unerringly accurate ear in striking the deeper
notes of pathos and of passion, and a wise
economy of selection and a dexterity of composi.
tion exacted by no other form of art. It may be,
too, that from his own young experience he is
beginning to perceive that while out of the
theatre the despised playwright labours in cir.
cumstances demanding the exercise of the closest
application and the practice of the sternest self-
denial, the writer of drama should bring to the
ANNUAL DINNER OF THE INCORPORATED
SOCIETY OF AUTHORS.
[Owing to the fact that the original dinner report has been
lost or mislaid, the present curtailed report has been
inserted at the last moment.]
THE annual dinner of the Society was held in
the King's Hall of Holborn Restaurant on
May 16, and was a large and highly suc-
cessful gathering Mr. A. W. Pinero presided.
Among the company were
Archer, William
Greville, Lady Violet
Ball, Sir Robert
Grundy, Sydney
Beringer, Mrs. Oscar
Hare, Mr. and Mrs. John
Besant, Sir Walter
Hawkins, Anthony Hope
Blake, Dr. Sophia
Hooking, Rev. Silas
Browning, Oscar
Hollingshead, John
Castle, Egerton
Hunt, Holman
Charley, Sir W. J.
Jacobs, W. W.
Collier, The Hon. John and Lee, Sidney
Mrs.
Lennox, Lady William
Colin Campbell, Lady
Marshall, Capt. R.
Courtney, W.L.
Middlemass, Miss Jean
Craigie, Mrs.
Monkswell, Lord
Fitoh, Sir Joshua
Norma
an, Mr. and Mrs.
Grand, Mmo. Sarab
Henry
## p. 30 (#52) ##############################################
30
THE AUTHOR.
rehearsal of his work evidence of his capacity for does she persist in calling herself Anthony
gently influencing and gaining the sympathy and Hope ? " (Laughter.) But what I was about to
support of clever men and women of diverse but say is that, with writers of such high account
peculiarly sensitive temperaments, without which devoting themselves in part to the theatre, it will
capacity no dramatist ought to pass the stage be a matter of small wonder if the prevalent and
door; possessing which capacity he might, in disparaging idea of contemporary drama, and of
other and more fortunate walks of life, have led those who give their energies wholly to dramatic
parties or won battles. And I am encouraged to writing, does not ultimately yield to a fairer, a
think that there is something in all this, by more truthful, estimate. Only one danger do I
the fact that the drama has lately received many apprehend from the invasion of the playhouse by
notable contributions from authors enjoying the novelist-and I confess the contemplation of
enviable reputations in other departments of litera- it chills me to the marrow—the possibility that
ture. I will not attempt to furnish you with a the mere playwright may some day find his occu-
complete roll of these authors; in such an endea- pation gone. Indeed, the rich imagination of
vour the memory might prove treacherous, and Mr. Wells might form a conception of a time
the omission of a single name would, perhaps, when the carefully preserved skeleton of the
make one appear less ignorant than ungracious. dramatist who was not a novelist will be all
But I cannot refrain from mentioning, especially, that is left to remind people of the old order
two writers who have thus distinguished them of things. However, time alone can decide
selves—who have, if I may say so, made them- whether or not events are to justify these
selves indispensable to the modern stage. I fears, and, meanwhile, it is well, I suggest to you,
speak of the gentleman who is incautiously that we should all dwell together in the most
described in the list of your Council as Mr. perfect good-fellowship. It may be that the im-
Hawkins, but who masks himself closely from provisatore, reciting his romances in the market
the public under another title, and of that charm- place, with flashing eye and to the accompani.
ing lady who, by her own perversity, obliges me ment of sweeping gesture, is a slightly more
to be so ungallant as to allude to her as John imposing figure than the marionette man as we
Oliver Hobbes. (Cheers.) I wonder whether espy him through the curtains of his booth
any of you ladies and gentlemen are, like myself, lovingly assorting his little company of dolls.
a little disturbed by the dark disguises of certain But each plays his part : each suffers or enjoys
of our modern writers. (Laughter.) I confess I his share of defeat or of success; each, upon
find it difficult to feel quite at ease with mysterious occasion, tightens his belt in answer to the
figures in sombre draperies and slouch bats. One cravings of hunger, or releases a button after a
is almost inclined, for example, in speaking of congratulatory feast; each knows what it is to
Mr. Hobbes and of the creator of the delightful be waked from sleep by the sound of his own
“ Prisoner of Zenda,” to drop into a whisper. sighing, or to shirk purposely the slumber that
And the confusion in the public mind, too, pro- would suspend, even for a moment, the conscious.
duced by the aliases of popular authors is ness of a rare prosperity. Let them, therefore
positively lamentable. Only the other day, while the marionette man and the weaver of
on a visit to a provincial town, I found myself tales — foregather at the end of their day's
sitting beside a young lady who takes an eager, labour, as we do to-night, and, between their
if somewhat uninformed, interest in current draughts of Falerno, console one another, and
literature. “I wish you would explain to me,” stimulate one another, and so help one another,
she said, “why many of our famous novelists until the hour comes when the friendship must
appear to be so anxious to conceal their identity." perforce be broken, when the voice in the market
I hazarded the conjecture that it is, in some place is hushed, or the booth is found empty. In
instances perhaps, a precautionary measure on the this spirit, ladies and gentlemen, in the spirit
part of those who may desire, in later years, the which this Society has done much, and will, I
opportunity of living down their successes. “Tell venture to prophesy, do even more in the future,
me," my companion went on, evidently far from to promote ; in the spirit expressed by
satisfied, “tell me, have you ever met Mrs. the time-worn, but still eloquent, phrase-the
Craigie ?” I said I had had that privilege. Brotherhood of Letters—I beg leave to submit
“ And what is your opinion of her as an author?” the toast which it is my duty to propose. (Cheers.)
was the next question. I had no hesitation in With this toast I have the privilege of associating
replying, “ Assuredly one of the most brilliant the name of the gentleman of whom I have
women writers any country has produced.” “I already tremulously made mention-Mr. Hawkins.
agree with you,” said my fair friend, “I have And here you will, I am sure, appreciate the
read every word she has written. But why- renewed difficulties of my position. But if I
## p. 31 (#53) ##############################################
THE AUTHOR.
31
cannot overcome these difficulties, I can, I think, he told them that that was why he wrote them-
partially evade them; and with your permission (laughter)—and he therefore appreciated more the
I do so in this wise, by associating with this attitude of a man like Lord Monkswell, who had
toast the name of Mr. Hawkins and coupling probably not read his works, but had recognised,
with the name of Mr. Hawkins that of his friend, in his attitude towards the law of copyright, that
Mr. Hope. (Laughter.) Now, of Mr. Hawkins an author must live and have the means of feed.
I can say little, except that he is a devoted and ing bis brain so that it could produce the splendid
invaluable servant of this Society; and of Mr. visions that other people delighted to read about
Hope you will require me to tell you nothing, for in his books. (Laughter.) He thought the
is he not known to his brother and sister authors rights of authors should be as long-lived as
as a good comrade, and to the wide world as a those of the original shareholders in the New
writer of combined daintiness and power, and of River Company. After all, Shakespeare might
apparently inexhaustible fertility ? Indeed, tbe without exaggeration be considered to have done
worst I have ever heard of Mr. Anthony Hope- as much for the nation as one of those share.
and if I have not heard it, I must have dreamed holders. (Laughter and cheers.)
it-is that it may be remarked of him as a writer LORD MONKSWELL responded.
that his profundity will never be remembered till Mr. HENRY Norman, in giving “ The Chair-
we have succeeded in forgetting his vivacity. I man,” said the laughter caused by Mr. Pinero
do not know how just a reflection you may consider was not as the crackling of thorns under the pot,
this to be, but it is one that can be more easily but was always ornamented by a valuable idea.
repelled by Mr. Hawkins, or apologised for by He had given to the world the solemnities as seen
Mr. Hope, than dealt with by myself. I will no through the eyes of the humorist. He had held
longer, therefore, stand between you and these up the mirror to life as it was, and consequently
gentlemen. I give you“ The Society of Authors.” the absurd cbarge of indecency was made against
Let us drink to its continued, its increasing, him. (Laughter.) The toast would be drunk
usefulness and welfare. (Cheers.)
with especial heartiness. (Cheers.)
Mr. ANTHONY HOPE HAWKINS replied to the Mr. Pinero made a brief reply, and the com-
toast. The Society of Authors, he said, was pany adjourned to tea and talk.
making steady progress, but it wanted money.
Every day it was asked to undertake important
work which it could not undertake because of
this deficiency. There was notably the case of
THIRTEEN YEARS AGO.
America. The relations of literary men with that
country were becoming more and more intimate
and important, and the Society felt it desirable to
IN the year 1887, shortly after the foundation
maintain in America a permanent staff to look
1 of the Society, an article appeared in Time,
after the interests of British authors. (Hear,
e a monthly magazine now extinct, on the
hear.) Next year the Society would make a start
Society of Authors. It is signed with the name
with the Pension Fund. A man who had done
of J. Neville Porter, a writer of whom I know
good literary work would not under this scheme get
nothing. His name is not in the list of Barristers
charity from the Society, but his brothers would
and Solicitors for this current year. He writes,
offer him a testimonial in the shape of a good,
however, with apparent knowledge of law, and was
solid pension. (Cheers.)
laudably desirous of presenting the facts of the
Mr. BERNARD Shaw then proposed “The
case as he understood them. So much has been
Guests." He said he bad often been asked why
done since that time that it is well to look
he became an author, and had given many
back and to consider arguments and statements
reasons, most of them untrue—(laughter)-but
advanced thirteen years ago.
the real reason was because he had an unconquer.
THE SALE OF A MS. OUTRIGHT.
able aversion to honest work of any description. We find a publisher writing to say that he
(Laughter.) He had had to work a good deal should take no notice at all of any opinion of the
harder than people who had adopted honest Society as to the fair price. He understands by
means, and he would therefore point out to those this time that the author would then go to some-
who had not become authors, and therefore one else. Mr. Porter remarks, however, that
wanted to—(laughter)—that, if they entered the authors are not the best judges of the value of
profession on his grounds, they would probably MSS. He did not understand that the Society
be disappointed. (Laughter.) When people intended to proceed with the advice and help of
told him, with a slight air of unexpectedness, secretaries and solicitors always engaged upon the
that they had read his books and admired them, subject of Literary Property, and with a perma-
## p. 32 (#54) ##############################################
32
THE AUTHOR.
nent committee also continually engaged upon inore than, as said above, a solicitor or a medical
the subject; so that it may now be fairly ad. man.
vanced that the Chairman and Secretary of the The author's risk, where there is risk, is his
Society, not to speak of the Committee, have time and labour; the publisher's risk, where there
between them a wider and firmer grasp of the is risk, is the money actually expended and the
subject than any publisher or company of pub. proportionate cost of his establishment.
lishers.
Here is another reference to a leading case :
Here, however, is a warning which should be
A contract between an anthor and a publisher, that the
looked into. We have always protested against
latter should, at his own risk and expense, publish a work
any alteration of an author's work without his belonging to the former upon payment of an equal division
consent. Read this note from the article :-
of the profits after all charges had been defrayed, may,
It bas been decided in the case of Cox v. Cox (11 Hare,
according to the dictum of Lord Justice Tarner in the case
118), that in the absence of a specific contract, reserving
of Stevens v. Benning (6 D. M. G. 229), be considered in
to the author a qualified copyright, the purchaser of a MS.
the double light of a licence and a partnership-a licence for
is entitled to alter and deal with it according to his
the publication of the treatise, and then a joint adventure
discretion. The consequence has been that several treatises
between the author and publisher in the copies to be thus
have been published in & ridiculous manner, much to the
published. A pablisher, therefore, on the half-profit
prejudice of the writers. The remedy for this is, of course,
Bystem, is bound to show the author his accounts and
a matter for the agreement-form.
vouchers in respect of the work published, or an action
may be commenced to compel him to do so unless the pab.
lisher satisfies the judge that there is some preliminary
THE HALF-Profit System.
question to be tried. It is not, therefore, necessary to bave
It appears that Mr. E. Marston, according to & stipulation in the agreement to this effect.
this writer, had written to the papers, stating
When there is no assignment of copyright in
that he knew nothing of any secret profits.
the agreement, and no stipulated time during
It was stated, from knowledge, by those who which the publisher is entitled to publish a book,
then represented the Society that there existed a
can the author put an end to the contract ? On
widespread system of secret profits, viz., by adding this point Mr. Porter is instructive :-
to the cost of printing, paper, corrections, and
If the author endeavour to put an end to the contract,
binding; and further, by advertisements costing and to stop the publication of any subsequent edition by
nothing to the publisher, such as advertisements the publisher, he must take action for this object previous
in their own organs and by exchanges. It has to any expenso being incurred by the publisher on account
been remarked repeatedly that in the agreement.
of such new edition; otherwise the publisher is entitled to
be repaid this cost, and to enjoy the benefit of all the profit
forms put forward by the Publishers' Association
the hope of which induced him to incur this expense. But
they claim the right of adding percentages, and when expense has not been incurred by the pablisher on a
say nothing about the advertisements which cost subsequent edition, the author can lawfully terminate the
nothing.
joint undertaking, and prevent any further issue of his work
Mr. Porter in this article falls into the trap
by the publisher, even if the latter has stereotyped the
book before the publication of the last published edition.
set for him, and looks upon the publisher as an
In deciding this question in 1838 in the case of Reade v.
agent as well as a publisher. The publisher is Bentley (4 Kay & J. 664-6), Vice-Chancellor Wood (after.
entitled, Mr. Porter says, to a profit on every wards Lord Hatherley) pointed out the difficulties which
thing, to cover incidental expenses, and the cost
were connected with the subject, and the grounds on which
of his establishment; in other words, to cover
his judgment was based. He mentioned that, while on the
one band it might be stated on bebalf of the publisher that
his own work in the business. What claim has
he had devoted the benefit of his talents and status as a
he, after this, on the proceeds of the book ? And publisher to the undertaking, and bad incurred charges in
why are not the author's “incidental expenses " respect of bringing out the first edition in the hope that he
and the cost of his establishment to be con. would be repaid the expense of the first by the sale of the
sidered? And why are not the bookseller's inci.
second and subsequent editions, and to hold the author at
his own instance to be at liberty to put an end to the agree-
dental expenses and the cost of his establishment
ment after the first edition had been published, would be to
to be considered ? And why do not solicitors, enable him, by an arbitrary and unreasonable exercise of
medical men, and professional men of all kinds that power, to deprive the publisher of all his profits. On
charge for their establishments ? The history the contrary, it might be contended, on behalf of the
of the half-profit system is simply this : It meant,
anthor, that unless he was empowered to terminate the
contract, he might be under an obligation to the publisher
at first, the honest deduction from proceeds of
during the whole of the latter's life, while the publisher
actual cost and money expended. The publisher would be under no reciprocal obligation to bim. The former
then began to filch and to steal : he said he had could also prevent the author from publishing a single copy
spent £20 when he had only spent £15, and so on.
of the treatise so long as the publisher expressed his readi.
ness to continue publishing. The author, however, would
Then he began to rob on a system of adding so
bave no reciprocal power, and could not compel the pab.
much per cent.—saying nothing about it. Of
lisher to publish more than a single edition of the book.
course he has no right to any such profit any The latter, moreover, in the bona fide exercise of his discre.
## p. 33 (#55) ##############################################
THE AUTHOR.
33
tion as to the proper time and mode of publication, might twelve. Aboat £150 was spent by the plaintiffs in adver.
decline indefinitely to publish, but without giving up his tising the book, and more than 40,000 copies of it were sold.
agreement, while the author, at the same time, might be of As, however, Mrs. Cook became offended with the plaintiffs
an opposite opinion, yet for months, and even years, might for describing the book as a companion work of their series,
be kept in suspense, and probibited from publishing on his she gave them notice to put an end to the contract with
own account, until the publisher thought that the time had them, and entered into an agreement for the issue of a
arrived for the revival of the public interest in the book. revised edition of the book with Messrs. Routledge. It was
Under such circumstances, this learned judge thought the firstly maintained by the plaintiffs that their agreement
position of the author to be one of so great hardship and with Mrs. Cook amounted to a sale of the copyright; but,
difficulty, that anless it was clearly proved to have been at the hearing of the case, they merely moved for an injunc.
contemplated by both the contracting parties it should not tion to restrain the farther publication of the book as long
be enforced.
as any copies printed by them before the receipt of the
notice were unsold. The injunction, however, was not
On a royalty system we have advanced so much
granted, and the plaintiffs' bill of complaint was dismissed
that Mr. Porter's remarks need not be quoted. with costs. The verbal agreement referred to was 28
follows, according to the statement of Mr. Warne, mentioned
THE COMMISSION SYSTEM.
by the Master of the Rolls in his judgment, viz. : “I," said
Mr. Warne, "offered a royalty of a penny a copy on all
On the commission system he says that profits copies sold, counting thirteen copies as twelve ; to which
-i.e., secret profits-on the cost of production
she replied, I have a speculative turn of mind, and will
are reasonable. Surely when a man agrees
take the penny.' To this I consented.” This is all the con-
versation that occurred, and is the evidence upon which the
to act as agent for another man, and to sell
agreement is based. It is to be hoped that this case will
his wares for a fixed percentage, to take secretly be & warning to authors and publishers against entering
another kind of percentage is pure swindling and into a mere verbal arrangement for publication. It is oppor.
cheating. Mr. Porter does not seem to under. tane to remark concerning this point that, if & contract
stand this. Very few people did thirteen years
between an author and publisher is one that cannot be per.
formed within a year after being made, no legal action is
ago. His words, however, on vouchers show his
maintainable upon it for its enforcement, unless the agree-
desire to present the subject fairly :-
ment, or some memorandum or note of such, is in writing,
The commission publisher is under the same legal obliga-
and signed by the person to be charged therewith. It is
tion to show his accounts and vouchers on demand by the
not necessary, however, for this purpose that the agreement
author, as the half-profit system publisher is bound to show
should be in one document. It may be collected from many
them to his author, as the former publisher is the author's
papers if they are clearly connected, and do not reqaire
agent.
parol testimony to maintain the connection, as such
evidence is inadmissible for that object.
On the subject of "risk” he has been led
The rest of the paper is devoted to speculation
astray, as so many used to be, by a confusion of
as to the future of the Society. The writer thinks
thought. Those who wrote on one side used,
that authors will rather go to their solicitors than
and still use, the word “ risk” to signify danger
to a committee of authors, still under the supposi-
of loss; the publishers confused the minds of
tion that the Committee will themselves attempt
people by meaning chance of not making great
lawyers' work. He also thinks that publishers
profits. There are hundreds of writers, taking all
will refuse to treat with authors who send agree-
the branches, whose books carry no kind of risk-
ments to the Society, forgetting that if one
i.e., they are quite certain to be sold up to a
publisher puts his dignity before his business
number which will pay all expenses and leave a another man will reverse the operation.
reasonable margin. There are not many books
which are certain to sell in large quantities. That
THEN AND Now.
is as true to-day, when the demand for books has The Society proposed at the outset to recom-
so greatly increased, as it was thirteen years ago. mend authors to houses where they would be safe
-or comparatively safe. It is objected that
THE NEED FOR AGREEMENTS.
experienced authors will not need the advice of
the Society, and that inexperienced authors will
As to the folly of not looking after agreements,
find the publishers unwilling to publish in the
Mr. Porter adduced a remarkable case :-
mode recommended by the Society.
A notewortby instance of this was stated in the case of
Now, during the whole period of its existence,
Warne v. Routledge, adjadicated upon by Sir George Jessel,
Master of the Rolls, in Jane, 1874. In this instance, Mrs.
the Society has steadily kept its members out of
Milicent Cook wrote a book called “How to Dress on £15 certain publishers’ hands. . Authors experienced
a Year as a Lady, by a Lady," and entered into a verbal and authors inexperienced use the Society for
contract with Messrs. Warne and Co. that they should information and for advice : they come to the
pablish the work anonymously, and incur all expenses
Society when they are in difficulties. They get
directly and indirectly connected therewith, and that each
copy should be published at one shilling, and that the plain.
a legal opinion for nothing, and that of a kind
tiffs were to remunerate her by a royalty of one penny for which requires special knowledge which their own
each copy sold. The copies were to be rookoned thirteen as solicitors could not give them.
## p. 34 (#56) ##############################################
34
THE AUTHOR.
boys.
The failure of these forebodings is instructive Straightforward copying, duplicating, &c., are
and interesting.
still fairly easy to obtain, but the ever increasing
The writer acknowledges at the end of his paper army of " pocket-money ” workers who can afford
that the Society may have a great future before to undersell their work makes it increasingly
it. Yet he does not understand the greatness of difficult for a copyist to earn a living wage.
that future.
Some of us have to earn our own living by our
One point he advances which seems worth con. own unaided efforts, and some of us would gladly
sidering, but is not. He thinks that the Society earn it by less mechanical means—by making our
might point out methods of literary training for machines the handmaids of our intellect, and by
the higher class of instructive literary work. The placing our capacities of mind at the service of
only method of literary training for this higher those who write. A BOOK-LOVING TYPIST.
class of work is a full mind. A writer in order
to be instructive must be himself a scholar and a
student in his subject. Toe rest can be learned
II.-CONCERNING BOOKS FOR Boys.
by any work on rhetoric which will point out the The piece which you print in your June number
meaning of arrangement and order, attention to under this heading is useful, as a good example of
the marshalling of facts and an endeavour to aim the prevalent opinion with regard to books for
at the charm of style and language.
** Any trash will do," says the writer in the
Guardian from whose article you have quoted,
and this sentiment is apparently indorsed by
CORRESPONDENCE.
publishers and reviewers. The very manner in
which the “ gift book” makes its annual appear-
I.-AUXILIARY LITERARY WORK.
ance on the market is sufficient to rank it as some.
CAY I draw your attention to a branch of thing equal in value to Christmas crackers and
auxiliary literary work, i.e., typewriting candied fruit.
in combination with what, for want of The pay for this class of work is miserably
a better term, I must call secretarial duties? The poor; the reason, I am told, being the large dis-
question for the educated typist who aspires to be count which the publisher has to give to the book.
something more than part of ber machine is, How seller, while the reviewing is altogether a farce,
may such work be obtained ?
the “ innocents" being slaughtered in batches of
It is depressing to read lists of historical, from thirty to forty in a single column. When
biographical, and educational books, and to a longer“ notice" is given, it is often worse
realise that all of them have entailed a consider than none at all. I have been severely lectured
able amount of auxiliary work-such as copying for “ preaching a sermon on horse-racing," when
and arranging notes, epitomes of documents, and the book in question contained no mention what.
sorting masses of information, in addition to the ever of this kind of sport-a clear proof that the
more mechanical work of copying the finished “reviewer” had got the contents of several
MSS.
volumes mixed up in his head before setting to
A busy author must often need the services of work.
an efficient helper at some stage of the prepara- The assertion made by “R. F. C.” that boys
tion of his works, and he must need one who has read a sto y of school life simply to enjoy the
had experience and who is endued with a sense of discomfiture of a comic schoolmaster is a mis-
literary form. There can be no doubt that chievous statement, the untruth of which I, or
supply and demand both exist; but how may any writer of similar experience, can prove by
they be brought into contact ? I have ceased to letters received from readers ; but when our books
believe in advertisement as a means of procuring are bought as rubbish, sold as rubbish, and re-
either permanent or temporary appointments; as viewed as rubbish, it is perhaps natural for anyone
an instance, mine has appeared in The Author for to suppose that they are read and written in the
three montbs without eliciting a single reply. same spirit.
Perhaps this is not surprising, for the capacities It may, however, surprise “ R. F. C.” to learn
of an advertiser are, after all, merely a matter of that there are men and women who regard the
conjecture.
weaving of stories calculated to influence the
Is there any hope for the typist (and there impressionable mind of a child as a branch of the
must be many of them) who has not the necessary literary calling as honourable as that of the sensa-
capacity for original literary work, but who fortional novelist or newspaper hack.
love of books would fain have a place in the To write successfully for the young is an art
humbler rauks of literature ?
requiring special gifts and methods; an art which,
## p. 35 (#57) ##############################################
THE AUTHOR.
35
though at present ignored, will in time receive character-study, and every word that Miss Dora
due recognition and reward, but which is not Russell could give me. When nothing was
likely to derive either assistance or encouragement forthcoming, and at the request, in writing, of
from the penning of articles such as the one to the lady's sisters, I did the best I could. I looked
which you have referred.
day after day for improvement. There even
A WRITER FOR Boys. came to be some hope; but, unbappily, it never
arrived at fruition. May I, then, ask at what
precise point should I have stopped supply, and
III.—ROYALTIES.
by announcing that the novel could not proceed
When consulting the “ Tables of Royalties ” in ended all? It has been stated that sentiment of
“ The Literary Year Book” for 1900, I was sur that sort should not have prevented the enlighten-
prised to see that they only mention royalties ment of the public. But the syndicate was
varying from 2 to 15 per cent. Was this writing its congratulations on an improvement
curious table composed with the view of throwing which was being evidenced hy “the manner in
dust into the eyes of inexperienced authors by which you and Colonel Craig are finishing the
making them believe that 27 was a reasonable story."' Whose part was it to announce that a
royalty and 15 per cent. the utmost limit of work so satisfactorily proceeding-even in the
generosity ? I notice that the book is the pro- opinion of the syndicate which had had a
perty of a publisher, and perhaps that accounts monopoly of the authoress's work for years-had
for the milk in the cocoanut. GLENFRUIN. now become one of unavoidable collaboration.
Not mine, surely.
The serial issue began on Oct. I, 1897, as “ A
IV.-AUTHOR AND PUBLISHER.
New and Exciting Story! By that Talented and
With reference to “ A. Penn-Wyper's" commu- Popular Authoress, Dora Russell.” Of this
nication in the June number, I cannot suppose description I, of course, knew nothing, for I had
there would be any difficulty in forming a joiut never been consulted about the publication of the
committee to which a publisher and an author tale. I had not even heard of the issue having
would be mutually willing to submit the question commenced until several weeks after the date
of terms, in cases where the publisher was desirous given. When I at last asked for the names of
to publish a work and the author was willing that the papers in which the novel was appearing, I
he should do so. They could both state their got this somewhat curt answer from the syndi-
respective cases in writing, and their willingness cate: “It is a rule of our office not to supply
to abide by the decision given. It would secure to such information as you ask for.”
both the effective representation of their interests. The question has been put: How far did I
T. L.
acquiesce in the issue of the novel under the
name of the popular authoress? I answer: only
V.—“A TORN-Out PAGE,” “BY” Dora RUSSELL. in so far as I did not take legal action to prevent
It having become an item of general informa- it, or render myself liable to prosecution for
tion, froin a review which appeared in Vanity calumnious publication. But forbidding the
Fair of April 19, that the above novel could not issue by injunction would have been, first,
have been the unassisted work of the popular impossible, in my circumstances; secondly, unfair
novelist, I have had to assume all responsibility, to Dora Russell, who, after all, had actually
moral and literary, for the fact that every word written some thirty-three thousand words of the
on the concluding 239 pages was wholly mine. novel with her own hand; and thirdly, a stulti-
The letter proposing the scheme to the syndicate fication of myself, who, to help her, had written
was penned with her own hand. My undertaking the remainder. What I felt called upon to do
the task had the warm approval in writing of her was to satisfy the syndicate with the work. As
family. Every instalment as written by me was to duty to the public, that body had for weeks
read aloud to the authoress in the presence of her been assured that the novel was “by” the popular
sisters, except the concluding two.
writer before I had even come to know that the
When I wrote to the syndicate indorsing Miss clients of the syndicate “would acquire it.” And
Dora Russell's statement of my willingness to “by” Miss Dora Russell the novel actually was,
finish the novel as a help to her, I plainly made up to just about that time. Had I a right to
my doing so conditional upon “the scheme being assume that the syndicate's clients would be
announced to your readers as you” (the syndicate allowed to go on from that point, issuing the tale
“ may deem fit.” Taking up the authoress's without the announcement which I had demanded?
characters and incidents as I found them, I was As Vanity Fair says: “ Explanation of the
absolutely resolved to use every plot, every facts should have been made, as could easily
## p. 36 (#58) ##############################################
36
THE AUTHOR.
have been done by a few words of preface, or by be true, I seem to have been badly treated. If
Colonel Craig's name as joint author.” I hold their “ belief," on the contrary, be even mode-
that I could not, by anticipation, charge the rately justified by the quality (such as it is) of
syndicate with the intention of continuing to the writing, I must have produced a fairly suc-
publish the novel from the point at which the cessful imitation (which should have been an-
work came to be mine (i.e., from p. 110) without nounced as such) of a certain class of popular
the announcement for which I had stipulated fiction, for which they have found a place.
expressly from the first. Am I to suppose that Either way, I hope, Sir, that you will find some
if I had received, and made use of, a letter of of the “ literary interest” so dear to T'he Author
thanks and commendation from the syndicate for in my statement of the matter.
my part of the work I should have been chargeable
R. MANIFOLD CRAIG.
with condonation and “acquiescence” past all 3, Harcourt-buildings,
pardon ?
The Temple, E.C.
I have come to know that the syndicate and a [Colonel Craig's case is not one in which any
London publisher have announced their belief question of legal liability arises. It presents,
that the authoress wrote every word of “A Torn. however, some features of literary interest, and
out Page.” Very well. Let us courteously assume the Committee have thougbt it right to give
that, after the fullest inquiry in every direction Colonel Craig this opportunity of stating his
except mine, they considered they had adequate view. 7
grounds for that belief. But I have at this
moment in my possession most of the typewritten
sheets, bearing proofs of being those from which
BOOK AND PLAY TALK.
my part of the work was set up. I allege that I
typed them in my own residence, directly upon COLUMNS of book announcements are very
my typewriter ; and that Miss Dora Russell I thin at present, as it is too early yet for the
was never in my home, and never saw my type-
autumn lists. One of the important books
writer. Is the belief of the syndicate and the then will be the biography of Professor Huxley,
publisher compatible with the veracity of that which his son is writing and which Messrs. Mac-
allegation? These sheets came back to me in the millan will publish. Mr. P. A. Chalmers Mitchell
ordinary course of proof-correction. I allege is carrying out a long-standing engagement with
that they and their fellows constituted the only Messrs. Putnam for a book on Huxley, while Mr.
“copy" of the story which was in existence at Edward Clodd is writing a volume on the same
the time of the serial publication. Can that subject for Messrs. Blackwood's “Modern English
statement be refuted ? Again, I have it under Writers " series. Another volume in this series
the hand of the syndicate that there had been no will be on George Eliot, by Mr. Sidney Lee, whose
"copy" from the authoress for months, and that services in connection with the now completed
she was far over two years in arrears with her “ Dictionary of National Biography” have just
work. Suddenly, directly upon the acceptance of been commemorated by a presentation of plate
my categorical offer to “finish " the novel, typo- made to him in the name of the contributors to
script copy begins to flow in at the rate of that monumental work.
- 15,000 to 20,000 words per week. Am I, in my
Mr. Justin McCarthy is finishing his “ History
courteous effort to believe in the belief of the
of the Four Georges,” and contemplates writing a
syndicate, to opine that that circumstance did not
novel on Ireland as he knew it in his youth.
strike them, or seem other than matter of course ?
I am entirely content that my whole case shall be
When Mr. B. L. Farjeon's new novel, “ The
read in the light of the declared belief of the
Mesmerists,” is published by Messrs. Hutchinson,
syndicate and the publisher. Surely, they can
the volume will be found to contain also a
have no objection.
dramatic version of the story. This is the first
I hold a statement of the syndicate that their
time, we believe, that the two have been com-
clients “ bad perceived the distinction between”
bined in one volume. The object is to safeguard
the authoress's work and mine. I answer that
the author against unauthorised stage versions of
with another statement from the same gentlemen.
his novel.
They say I have deceived them-palming as The Hon. W. H. Lyttleton is writing on “Out-
collaborated work matter which was entirely my Door Games” for Messrs. Dent's “ Haddon
own. Now, I claim that all this is matter of Hall Library." His work will be in two volumes,
literary interest; and surely the syndicate is at and in the first cricket and golf will be treated.
liberty to decide which is their real opinion. But “Hunting,” by Mr. Otho Paget, is another pro-
they cannot have it both ways. If what I allege spective volume in the series, but before either
## p. 37 (#59) ##############################################
THE AUTHOR.
37
of these there will be published “Our Forests and all times takes extreme pains in revising his
and Woodlands,” by Dr. John Nisbet, who pleads writings, is re-writing part of “Evelyn Innes.”
for more support from the State to enable land.
Mr. William Le Queux calls his forthcoming
owners to form plantations on poor lands and
waste tracts.
story “ An Eye for an Eye,” and the publishers
of Anthony Trollope's works (which, by the way,
An important scheme for the foundation of an
continue to find a good sale) have formally per-
international association of the principal scientific mitted the use of this title. On the subject of
and literary academies of the world is reported by duplicate titles, Mrs. Roy Devereux has been
the London correspondent of the Manchester writing in the Academy with reference to her
Guardian. It provides for the division of the book, «Sidelights on South Africa,” having been
association into two sections, “scientific ” and followed in a few months by one by Lady Sykes,
“ literary” respectively, and is the outcome of a entitled “Sidelights on the War in South Africa."
meeting of the representatives of the chief Euro. Mrs. Roy Devereux states that several cases have
pean and American academies held at Wiesbaden been reported to her in which readers who asked
in October last. “The Royal Society, which has for her book were supplied with that of Lady
taken a leading part in the promotion of the Sykes.
scheme, will naturally represent this country in
Among the newer guide-books “ Paris in its
the scientific section, and steps are being taken
with a view to securing an adequate representa-
Splendour," by Eustace A. Reynolds-Ball, must
tion in the second section.”
*be mentioned. It is a popular study of Paris
past and present, historic and picturesque. It is
Mr. Charles Neufeld, the “prisoner of the illustrated by sixty studies in photogravure, and
Khalifa,” is writing a story of adventure for
it contains 580 pages, in two volumes priced at
boys, based on his experiences in Egypt.
one guinea, and published by Dana Estes and Co.,
Mr. Walter Winans is writing a book-an Boston.
édition de luxe—on the art of revolver shooting, “The Mystic Number 7,” by Annabel Gray,
which will be published by Messrs. Putnam. the publication of which was delayed on account
Mr. Cutcliffe Hyne's letter to The Author of the war, is now at all the libraries and pub-
suggesting to novelists to combine in producing a
lished by Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall and Co.
book which should be sold on behalf of the War Mr. Thomas Cobb bas in the press a novel
Fund has come to fruition. The volume is entitled “ Severance," which will be published by
entitled “ For Britain's Soldiers," and contains Mr. John Lane. He has also almost ready “ The
stories by Mrs. Croker, Mr. W. L. Alden, Sir Bountiful Lady," to appear as one of Mr. Grant
Walter Besant, Mr. Crockett, Mr. Hornung, Mr. . Richards's “ Dumpy Books for Children.” “The
Hyne, Mr. Kipling, Mr. Mason, Mr. Moore, Mr. Dissemblers," from the same pen, will form a part
Pemberton, Mr. Roberts, Mr. Ridge, Mr. Wells, of Lippincott's Magazine for September.
Mr. White, and Mr. Wood. It will be published
immediately by Messrs. Methuen, whose services
H.R.H. The Prince of Wales has accepted a
copy of the “Handbook to Christian and Eccle-
also are given by way of a contribution to the
siastical Rome”-third volume, “Monasticism, and
same patriotic cause.
Ecclesiastical Rome” (A. and C. Black), by
Sir George Trevelyan is editing the diary of M. A. R. Tuker and Hope Malleson. Part 4
Lord Macaulay.
(Monasticism) contains an account of the order
Mr. Maurice Hewlett's new novel is to be called of St. John of Jerusalem, of which H.R.H. is
“ Richard Yea and Nay.”
Grand Prior in England and of which the first-
Sir Walter Besant's new novel is entitled named author is a member.
“The Fourth Generation.” After appearing as a Among many articles and stories of special
serial it has been partly rewritten and enlarged interest to be published in the August issue of
for publication in book form in September or The Argosy, a short story is included from the
October.
pen of the late Mr. Stephen Crane.
Mr. Neil Munro is writing a new novel, which The first thing which the author of “ To Have
will be published by Messrs. Blackwood, but will and to Hold” ever wrote for publication is said
not run serially.
to have been a little account of a roadside meeting
Mr. George Moore's new story will be called with Queen Victoria in the south of France.
“Sister Teresa," and it will have a certain connec- Professor Owen Edwards has completed his
tion with his last work, “Evelyn Innes.” The volume on Wales for “ The Story of the Nations"
chief subject is convent life. Mr. Moore, who at series.
## p. 38 (#60) ##############################################
38
* THE AUTHOR.
Mr. Herman Merivale has been granted a Civil
List pension.
“The Casino Girl," a comic opera, written by
Mr. Harry B. Smith, and composed by Mr.
Ludwig Englander, is the American “success"
which is now taking the place of “An American
Beauty” at the Shaftesbury. The scene is laid
in Egypt, and one of the characters represents
the Khedive. The title róle is held by Miss
Mabelle Gilman, a singer and dancer whom
London sees for the first time.
Miss Julia Neilson's season at the Haymarket
will open on Aug. 30, when she and Mr. William
Mollison will produce “Mistress Nell Gwynne,"
a new play by Paul Koster. The part of
Charles II. will be taken by Mr. Fred Terry.
A new play called “The Great Philanthropist,"
by Miss Gertrude Warden and the late Mr.
Wilton Jones, will be produced at the Strand on
July 16, by way of celebrating Mr. Sidney
Alport's return from Australia. Miss Kate
Rorke and Mr. Abingdon will be in the cast.
The “ Pirates of Penzance" is being revived
at the Savoy.
Mrs. Patrick Campbell will produce in the
autumn an adaptation of Echegary's play, trans-
lated by Mr. J. M. Graham, and adapted by Mr.
Arthur Symons, entitled “Mariana.”
Mr. Robert Marshall has written a play for
Mr. Frederick Harrison and Mr. Cyril Maude.
It will touch the events of the South African
war.
of one of the most remarkable figures of the day.”
“ Interesting and historically important,” is the Daily
Telegraph's opinion of the speeches. The Daily News says
“ Vindex” is obviously an admirer of Mr. Rhodes, but " the
book should be equally welcome to those who do not and
those who do share his admiration.”
THE GENTLEMAN PENSIONER, by Albert Lee (Pearson,
68.), is a bistorical romance dealing with the rising of the
Nortbern Lords in Elizabeth's days. The Spectator says :
“Mr. Lee cleverly varies the adventures, and his story is
something more than readable.” British Weekly describes
it as “a powerful and abeorbing story, full of delicate
writing, without weakness or a touch of affectation . . .
a really excellent bit of historic fiction. Graphic says:
“Mr. Lee has made the most of his study of bulldog
tenacity and fidelity.” Scotsman describes the story as “ a
very successful attempt to deal with an interesting episode
in English history." The World: “Those who enjoy
historical romance will find this an excellent specimen of
the class to which it belongs."
HISTORY OF EPIC POETRY, by John Clark (Oliver and
Boyd, Edinburgh, 58.), is referred to by the Spectator as
"a very instructive volume, especially in respect of various
poems wbich are often spoken of, but very seldom read. Mr.
Clark has had the patience to deal with Valerius Flaccus
and Statius, and, what is a far greater achievement, Silius
Italicas himself.” “He limits his subject on his title-page
to .post-Virgilian,' bat he has something to say about both
Homer and Virgil that is worth reading. The defence of
Virgil, in particular, is distinctly able. The book, as a
whole, is an addition of value to the literature of criticism."
CHARLES HENRY PEARSON, Fellow of Oriel and Educa.
tion Minister in Victoria : Memorials by Himself, his Wife,
and his Friends, edited by William Stebbing (Longmans,
148.), “ one of the most interesting of recent biographies”
(Literature), is a “deeply interesting work," says the
Spectator; it “supplies a want, and we are grateful to Mrs.
Pearson and to Mr. Stebbing for presenting us with a true
portrait of Charles Henry Pearson.” The Daily Chronicle
(Hon. Alfred Deakin) says the volume will leave the reader
with “ a profound admiration” for the man it commemo.
rates.
A HISTORY OF GREECE, by Evelyn Abbott, M.A., LL.D.
(Longmans, 108. 6d.). Part III. : From the Thirty Years'
Peace to the Fall of the Thirty at Athens, 445.403, B.C.
“ The first volume of Dr. Abbott's History was published
in 1888, and another volume is wanting to complete the
purpose ; 80 that we have here," says the Spectator, “a
leisurely, well-considered work, which has occupied the
better part of two decades. The author's aim is to provide
a history in moderate compass dealing with broad lines of
development rather than minuto archeological questions.
It is a book of a different class from Holm's brilliant work ;
for one thing, it considers the great texts more in detail,
giving four volumes to his two. .. It is free from
the wordy platitudes of Curtius, and it is fairer and more
scientific than the many volumes of Grote and Thirlwall.
In certain ways it resembles Beloch's compendium, but it
has many qualities of its own. It is extremely readable,
and in the simple, anrhetorical style there is often a genuine
enthusiasm and appreciation.”
THINGS SEEN : IMPRESSIONS OF MEN, CITIES, AND
Books, by G. W. Steevens, collected and edited by G. S.
Street, with a memoir by W. E. Henley (Blackwood, 58.).
“Quite apart from the tragic circumstances of Mr.
Steevens's death,” says the Spectator, “the energy and
versatility displayed in the aureum quinquennium which
succeeded an exceptionally brilliant academic career, and
BOOKS AND REVIEWS.
(In these columns notes on books are given from reviews
which carry weight, and are not, so far as can be learned,
logrollers.)
GRANT ALLEN, A Memoir, by Edward Clodd (Richards,
68.) is, says the Daily Chronicle, "authoritative in many
ways. It has the authority of a long and intimate friend.
ship with its subject; it has, too, the authority of kinship
in studies pursued in much the same spirit, and certainly to
similar conclusions.” “Mr. Clodd does a real service to his
friend's memory in publishing letters which show how the
very makers of evolutionary sciences regarded Grant Allen."
The book also contains some of Grant Allen's letters,
though he was “not a great writer of letters," and two of the
dearest of his friends “add greatly to the value” of the
book by “vividly-written reminiscences : Miss Alice Bird
and Professor York Powell.”
CECIL RHODES, by Vindex (Chapman, 128. net), is &
collection of speeches made by Mr. Rhodes from 1881 to
the present year. The Times says these give“ an extremely
interesting view ” of the development of contemporary
history in South Africa, with “characteristic bits of self-
revelation which, when the speeches are read together as a
whole, leave a tolerably vivid impression of the personality
## p. 39 (#61) ##############################################
THE AUTHOR.
39
the charm of his personality, the pablication of these stray
papers, edited by two intimate friends, is entirely justified
by their intrinsic merits."
THE EVOLUTION OF THE ENGLISH NOVEL, by Professor
Francis Hovey Stoddard (of New York University) (Mac-
millan, 68.), is praised by the Daily Chronicle as “ not only
well-written and well-informed, but also marked throughout
by measured judgment, proportion, and a certain dignity of
attitude and expression.” The Daily News calls it "an
interesting book on a pleasant sabject.”
DRIFT, by Horatio F. Brown (Richards, 58. net), is a
volume of poems. The Spectator says that " what strikes
the reader most in Mr. Brown's verse is his feeling for and
power of transmitting the charm of natural scenery. His
verse is full of rhythm and shows a nice and scholarly use
of language, bat beyond this there is what we may term an
hieracchic knowledge of invoking the genius loci, whether
he is dealing with England, Switzerland, or Italy. ..
The glimpses we get of hedgerows, of pine-clad mountain
slopes, or of windy wastes of inland waters are generally
incidental and unpremeditated.'
THE ART AND CRAFT OF GARDEN MAKING, by Thomas
H. Mawson (Batsford, 218.), is not only “excellent to read and
look at—the pictures with which it is embellished are without
exception delightful—but it is,” says the Spectator, “full of
practical suggestions for those who wish to lay out a
beautiful garden.” “Just at first," says Literature, “ the
beauty of the designs and the great charm of Mr. Chamber-
lain's chapter-headings threaten to deflect the mind of the
reader from the wise things in the text, but this is only at
first.” The Times says “Mr. Mawson has plenty of ideas
and a very pretty taste"; and the Daily Chronicle is equally
appreciative.
VILLAGE NOTES, by Pamela Tennant (Heinemann, 6s.),
bas, says the Daily Telegraph, "all the charm of the quaint
and primitive country she describes--South Wiltshire,
with its patient, slow-witted, but intelligent rustics, and
its rare provincialisms of speech.” “ It is pleasant,” says
the Daily Chronicle, " to those loving Nature, who yet do
not write about her, to find her approached in such a manner
as Mrs. Tennant's.”
NATURE IN DOWNLAND, by W. H. Hadson (Longman,
108. 6d.), is described by Literature as "a guidebook in the
sense that it reveals to you not the most interesting spots
and the exact turnings to take in reaching them, but the
trae beauty of the Sussex Downs, and the charm of the
human and of the wild life which inhabits them.”
HIGHWAYS AND BYWAYS IN NORMANDY, by Percy
Doarmer, with illustrations by Joseph Pennell (Macmillan,
68.), leads the Daily Chronicle to say : “If not too soon to
think of summer holidays, here is a book to send the fancy
toward a very pleasant land of travel.” Literature says it
“ will take a high place” in Messrs. Macmillan's series of
guide books, while the Spectator advises "all travellers in
Normandy, and especially all cyclists,” to read Mr.
Dearmer's book before they leave England.
TALKS WITH OLD ENGLISH CRICKETERS, by A. W.
Pullin (" Old Ebor") (Blackwood, 68.), “is crammed with
matter of the greatest interest to all who take delight in
the game and the lore of cricket." Among the veterans
with whom the reader is able to talk familiarly are V. E.
Walker and Richard Daft.
TRAVELS IN ENGLAND, by Richard Le Gallienne
(Richards, 68.), is “peripatetic prose,” in the language of
the Daily Chronicle, which thanks the bicycle " for having
taken Mr. Le Gallienne on a roving tour through the green
places of England, odorous with the memory of sweet
names.” “Mr. Le Gallienne is peculiarly rich in suggestion,
and as a ' Voyage autour de ma chambre' may be more
interesting than a journey to the moon, so are these
desultory rides on a bicycle quite independent for their
interest of the ground covered.”
"A PEEP INTO Punch,” by J. Holt Schooling (Newnes,
58.), is the “Story of Punch, with illustrations by Himself."
* Altogether,” says the Spectator, “this is a delightfully
amusing book by one who knows his subject.” The Daily
Chronicle describes it as excellent for a lazy summer day.
· THE HOUSING QUESTION, by Alfred Smith, late
Chairman of the Housing Committee, L.C.C.(Swan Sonnen-
schein). “Mr. Smith,” says the Guardian, “writes as
an expert and with the authority of one. This little book
contains an admirably clear statement of all the aspects of
housing the poor so far as that question affects London ;
and, though other towns suffer from the evils of overcrowding,
London suffers from them to a degree and extent which no
other city can approach. The second section sets out in an
impressive form the vast dimensions which this evil has -
attained in London.”
LOVE AND MR. LEWISHAM, by H. G. Wells (Harper,
68.), will be considered by many, says the Daily Telegraph,
“the most fascinating piece of work he has done." Mr.
Wells portrays the life of the fifth-rate assistant master.
“It is wonderfully well done,” says the Daily Chronicle.
“The descriptive pages are charming, the dialogue real and
bright.” “The element of irresponsible gaiety which
animated “The Wheels of Chance,'” says the Spectator, “ is
here replaced by a more consistently serious outlook on the
struggle for existence that goes on in the humbler ranks of
the teaching profession.” “The bandful of vivid human
figures belong,” says Literature, “ to a great extent, to the
world of South Kensington students, and into that often
purposeless and sordid background Mr. Wells weaves the
poetry of life and the beauty of human love."
JAN OXBER, by Orme Agnas (Ward, Look, and Co.,
38. 6d.), is a series of stories dealing with West of
England villagers. Mr. Agous, says the Daily Telegraph,
“has achieved a remarkable task in reproducing not only
the superficial life of the west country village, but the actual
workings of the rustic mind. Jan Oxber is a very striking
oharacter, and his tragic story is told with unforced pathos
and unexaggerated truth.” The Spectator describes it as
Hvigorous," “ well told,” and “highly entertaining"; and
says that “the author is one of our ablest interpreters of
rural manners."
UNLEAVENED BREAD, by Robert Grant (Hutchinson, 68.),
is a portrait of a type of American woman. “ Viewed in
the light of a study of character, it would be difficult,” says
the Spectator, " to find a modern novel cleverer than · Un.
leavened Bread.'” The book is divided into three sections.
one for each of Selma's matrimonial experiments, so that,
says the Literary World, it is “ three moderately long stories
rather than a novel. It is well written, and the characters
succeed in making us accept them as reasonable human
beings.”
BLACK HEART AND WHITE HEART, and Other Stories,
by H. Rider Haggard (Longmans, 68.), are stories of Zulus
and Central Africa. The Daily Chronicle heads its notice
of the yolume : “Mr. Haggard in his True Vein.” “Black
Heart and White Heart," the tale from which the volume
takes its name, is, says the Spectator, “quite in Mr. Hag.
gard's most vigorous and effective manner."
THE ACCUSED PRINCESS, by Allen Upward (Pearson,
68.), belongs, in the opinion of Literature, "to the class con-
ventionally known as 'readable.'” . The author “makes a
## p. 40 (#62) ##############################################
40
THE AUTHOR.
new departure, and follows in the footsteps of Sherlock
Holmes. His book relates the mystery of the ruby of
Bharani, one of the sacred stones of India and the property
of the British Crown. It tells how the gom was brought
over to Europe to be sold, and how it disappeared and was
subsequently recovered with the help of an English detec-
tive." The Daily Chronicle finds the story “good and
ingeniously worked-out.” “Mr. Upward's characters are
quite alive, and the accused princess quite charming."
THE CHICAMON STONE, by Clive Phillipps-Wolley (Smith,
Elder, and Co., 68.), " is much more than a story for boys,"
says the Spectator, “though by its wealth of incident and
is wealth of incident and
its crazy athleticism ... it will appeal with peculiar
force to the javenile reader. Mr. Phillipps-Wolley is a
poet as well as a sportsman; he has a keen sense of the
picturesque and the sinster, a happy knack of translating
his impressions into forcible and suggestive language, and a
most artistic touch in the portraiture of villains, whether
of the pale or red-skinned variety.” “It is a delightful
book of stirring adventure,” says the Pilot, “one of the
best we have read for some time. The scene is laid in
Alaska; the Chicamon Stone is a specimen of gold, and the
book tells of the efforts of several people to find the rock
from which the specimen was taken, and so to become
rich. There is no love-making, indeed, there is no woman
in the book; the interest of the wild rough life is the only
interest, but that is sufficient, for there is no want of peril
and of thrilling escapes.”
VOICES IN THE NIGHT, by Flora Annie Steel (Heine-
mann, 68.). “ We cannot better summarise our impressions
of this brilliant but unequal novel,” says the Spectator,
" than by saying we have been fascinated by the native or
bazaar portion of the story and bored by the Anglo-Indian
chapters."
A LADY OF THE REGENCY, by Mrs. Stepney Rawson
(Hutchinson, 68.), is described by the Pilot as "a very fine
historical picture by an excellent artist. Jane, the girl
whose love affairs, after a bad start, come at last to a happy
end, is the Lady of the Regency in question, but from first
to last Caroline of Brunswick is the real heroine. From the
moment the novel opens up with her playing 'blind man's
buff' in her house at Blackheath, or bidding her guests
* bite off the head of the sugar Prince of Wales,' her figure
is thrown on the canvas with masterly art."
his “Notes on Sport and Travel,” published a few
months ago. The news of Miss Kingsley's death
came as a great shock to her many friends in this
country. She was about thirty-five years of age.
MR. STEPHEN CRANE died at Baden-weiler,
Baden, on June 5, aged thirty years. Of his
work as author and war correspondent, the most
distinguished is “ The Red Badge of Courage,”
published four years ago. As a detailed study
(in the form of romance) of the development of
a raw recruit in the American Civil War under
the fire of the enemy, it was remarkable in that
the author had
the author had not up to that time had any real
experience of what he so realistically described.
Next in importance comes his “ The Open Boat,"
a sketch of the wreck of a filibuster on the
Florida coast. Mr. Crane also wrote verse. He
was in the Cuban campaign as a correspondent,
and before the illness which has cut him off he
was writing some sketches of his Army experi-
ences before Santiago. He was also to proceed
to St. Helena on a commission for a London
daily. A volume of short stories, which will
probably be called “Wounds in Rain," and a
novel of adventure are among his literary
remains.
The death-roll of the month also includes the
Rev. J. M. RODWELL, the Orientalist, who trans-
lated the Koran about forty years ago ; Mr. H. R.
FRANCIS (89), author of "Junius Revealed by his
Surviving Grandson,” and an authority on the
literature of angling; Mr. D. D. WELLS, the
young American novelist, author of “Her Lady-
ship's Leopard,” &c.; and Dr. T. H. RAND (New
Brunswick), whose“ Treasury of Canadian Verse”
has lately been published by Messrs. Dent in this
country.
-
OBITUARY.
* THE AUTHOR.”
SCALE FOR ADVERTISEMENTS.
M HE death of Miss Mary KINGSLEY, the
distinguished African traveller, was
announced by a telegram from Cape Town
on June 4. She was on her way to West Africa
to study the fish fauna of the country. Daughter
of Dr. George Kingsley and niece of Charles and
Henry Kingsley, her name first gained prominence
three years ago with the publication of “ Travels
in West Africa, Congo Français, Corisco, and
Cameroons.” Her second volume, “South
African Studies," was published at the beginning
of last year, and eight months ago she wrote a
little volume on South Africa for the “Story of
the Empire” series. More recently she wrote
a memoir of her father for the volume of
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The Author, Vol. 11 Issue 02 (July 1900)
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<em>The Author</em>, Vol. 11 Issue 02 (July 1900)
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The Author